信息公开在欧盟法的发展与实践_以欧盟法院判决为解读文本

20105May20103(177)JOURNALOFGRADUATESCHOOLOFCHINESEACADEMYOFSOCIALSCIENCESNo3以欧盟法院判决为解读文本*王敬波何备战!欧盟条约将获取欧盟议会理事会委员会等欧盟机构文件的权利确立为基本权利欧盟法院在审理获取欧盟机构信息的案件中坚持获取欧盟机构文件是基本的条约权利严格限制例外条件的适用强调欧盟机构的举证责任等做法,可以为我国法院审理政府信息公开案件所借鉴!信息公开欧盟条约欧盟法院∀#D91105∀#A∀#1000-2952(2010)03-0110-072008∃%,,200911∃%(),,,8&,∋,∃%,,(),一欧盟信息公开法律制度的发展,1992∃%,,1990,,(IntergovernmentalConference),,*2008∃%,:08JC820045(,,∃:%,2009),,,(TheEuropeanCourtofJustice)(TheCourtofFirstInstance),110(,199227∃%:&1993∋,∃%,)199312,∃%(CodeofConductConcerningAccesstoCouncilandCommissionDocuments),&∋,199411,19931220,,93/7311997∃%,:,(EuropeanOmbudsman),1998(TheEuropeanCourtofAuditors)(TheEuropeanCentralBank)15,:∗,∃%∃%2551:,,∃%42,,,2001123∃%(1049/2001)∃%19,+,20011049,∃%∃%93/7312001,,∃%2551∃%4220011049,1049,2001,二欧盟法院审理信息公开案件的实践,,−,∃%,,&111:()+,∗PaulCraig,EUAdministrativeLaw,OxfordUniversityPress,2006,pp351,353Tomkins,TransparencyandtheEmergenceoftheEuropeanAdministrativeLaw,(1999-2000)19YBEL,p217[].G:∃2005~2006%16,,2007,249~259−∃:%,,2010210∋1996&∋,,,,(,,&∋,2001,,,)RothmanInternationalBV∗,1997123,RothmanInternational,,AldoKuijer+,AldoKuijer,199873,:,,,,,,2001,:,,,,1994CarvelandGuardianNewspapersLtd:,−Hautala/,Hautala199619911992,?:&,,∋Hautala,1997,,:93/7314:,,,,:,,,,,Hautala:112∃%20103()∗+,−/CaseC-58/94,NetherlandsvCouncil[1996]1993126∃%&,∋CaseT-188/97,RothmansInternationalBVvCommission[1999]CaseT-188/98,AldoKuijervConseil[2000]CaseT-174/95,SvenskaJournalistforbundetvCouncil[1998]CaseT-194/94,CarvelandGuardianNewspapersLtdvCouncil[1995]CaseT-14/98,HeidiHautalavConseil[1999],,,,,,,,,,Sison(,,1049,FranchetandByk),:10496,,,,,,,200110494:1:;234,,,;;,,1999RothmanInternationalBV∗104941ASison,JoseMariaSison,20021211,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,104941B,,113:()∗CaseT-110/03,T150/03,T-405/03,JoseMarieSisonvConseil[2005]CasesT-391/03andT-70/04,YvesFranchetandDanielBykvCommissionCaseT-188/97,RothmanInternationalBVvCommission[1999]Borax(,BoraxEuropeLtd,,2004,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,104942,,YvesFranchetandDanielByk),YvesFranchetDanielByk,,,,,,1049,Turco∗42&∋,Turco,42&∋,:,,,,,,,,:,42,&∋,,,,1049/2001445,,:&12∋,:&114∃%20103()∗CaseT-121/05,BoraxEuropeLtdvCommission[2009]CaseT-391/03andT-70/04,YvesFranchetandDanielBykvCommission[2006]CaseT-84/03,CaseC-39/05[2004]andC-52/05P,MaurizioTurcovConseil[2008],∋,IFAW(,IFAW,2001,,:10491993,,,,,,,,,,,,,,10496:&,,∋VereinfurKonsumenteninformation),VKI,VKI,,VKI,,,,,,,,,,三结论,,,,,2001,∃%255,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,115:()CaseT-168/02,IFAWInternationalerTierschutzFondsgGmbHvCommission,[2004]CaseT-2/03,VereinfurKonsumenteninformationvCommission[2003]本文作者:王敬波是中国政法大学法治政府研究院教授;何备战是陕西省检察院干部责任编辑:赵俊TheDevelopmentandPracticeoftheFreedomofInformationintheEuropeanLawAnAnalysisoftheEuropeanCourtsJudgmentsWangJingboHeBeizhanAbstract:TherightofaccesstoEuropeanParliament,CouncilandCommissiondocumentsisthefundamentalrightaccordingtotheEUTreatyTheEuropeanCourtofJusticeandTheCourtofFirstInstanceinsistonseveralprinciplesinjudgments:Therightofaccesstothedocumentsisthefundamentalright;thoseexceptionsofthefreedomofinformationmustbeconstruedandappliedrestrictively;ifaninstitutiondecidestorefuseaccesstoadocumentwhichhasbeenaskedtodisclose,itmusttakeontheburdenofproofKeywords:Freedomofinformation;EUTreaty;EuropeanCourtofJustice张杰∃%:1,,,,,,2,,,,,,,,,,3,,,,,,,()116∃%20103