全球海-陆-气耦合模式大气模式分量的发展及其气候模拟性能Ⅰ

213Vol.21,No.3200506JOURNALOFTROPICALMETEOROLOGYJun.,2005：1004-4965（2005）03-0225-131.1000292.5100803.100081：GOALS/LASG15R1542R4210ElNiño：GOALS：P461.2文献标识码：A(R15L9)[1][2]1991[34][5][6]SSiBIAP20GOALS[7]GOALS[8]：2004-02-26；：2004-08-03：ZKCX2-SW-210401350204022150340231004：1969-E-mail:[e-mail]22621GOALS[7]T42T21[910]R15L9GOALS-k-ManabeMonin-Obuhov[37]R15L9159422.8125°1.67°9R42L9AMIPPCMDI10105000mSSiB13[3]Wu[11]10R15L9NCEP1978198810NCEP[12]XieCMAP[13]12Kiehl[14]121W/m23--I22711.2W/m2118%226.7W/m211W/m22.90mm/d2.88mm/d127W/m2GOALS[15]R15L91[14]R42L9[14]R42L9/(W·m2)342342.3/(W·m2)235245.5/(W·m2)10785.6/%6244.5/(W·m2)235256.7/(W·m2)011.22R42L9R42L9/(W·m2)168194.7/(W·m2)2428.8/(W·m2)390400.9/(mm·d1)2.72.9/(W·m2)324325.1/(W·m2)04.4/(W·m2)6675.8/(W·m2)06.8/(W·m2)7885.71abCMAP1a2mm/d1b228211cdNCEP1a.;b.mm/d;c.;d.hPa200hPa2a20m/s2bNCEP200hPaabcd3--I229200hPaNCEPHadley200hPa2cdNCEP200hPa()(2d)NCEP(2bd)100hPa2m/sa.;b.NCEP;c.a.d.b.3100hPa[11]bacd23021300hPa1Manabe[16]3K24CMAP4abdc3--I2314mm/da.;b.CMAP;c.CMAP;d.a.e.b.f.c.(SPCZ)(4c)SPCZHess[17]ManabeKuoManabe60°Sbeadcf23221(4f)Kang10AMIP[8]R15L95(5c)850hPa()120SPCZ()200hPa45m/s200hPa3--I2335hPaNCEPa.;b.NCEP;c.NCEP;d.a.e.b.f.c.(3)200hPa(6)(6a\b)1(6c)()Gill[18]4beadcf23421(6de)6200hPagpm51979198810ElNiñoElNiñoSOICPCSOIbacdef3--I235TahitiDarvinSOINCEPSOI771982/19831986/1987ElNiño1988LaNiñaENSOSOI7SOINCEP85°S5°NCMAPElNiño1982/19831986/19871982/1983LaNiña1984/19851988/1989ENSO85°S5°Nmm/da.;b.CMAPab2362112SPCZITCZ3200hPa4ElNiñoElNiño5[11][1]BOURKEW.Amulti-levelspectralmodelIFormulationandhemisphericintegrations[J].MonWeaRev,1974,102(10):687-701.[2].[J].19906(4)372-377.[3]LIUH,WUGX.ImpactsoflandsurfaceonclimateofJulyandonsetofsummermonsoon:AstudywithanAGCMplus3--I237SsiB[J].AdvancesAtmosSci,1997,14(2):289-308.[4]LIUH,ZHANGXH,WUGX.CloudfeedbackonSSTvariabilityinthewesternequatorialPacificinGOALS/LASGmodel[J].AdvancesAtmosSci,1998,15(3):412-423.[5].R15L9[J].1998,17(2):158-168.[6]WUGX,LIUH,ZHAOYC,etal.Anine-layeratmosphericgeneralcirculationmodelanditsperformance[J].AdvancesAtmosSci,1996,13(1):1-18.[7].LASG--GOALS/LASG[J].19978(1)15-28.[8]KANGIS,JINK,WANGB,etal.IntercomparisonoftheclimatologicalvariationsofAsiansummermonsoonprecipitationsimulatedby10GCMs[J].CliDynamics,2002,19(3):383-395.[9]BOYLEJS.SensitivityofdynamicalquantitiestohorizonalresolutioninaclimatesimulationwiththeECMWFatmosphericgeneralcirculationmodel(Cycle33)[R].CAUSA,1992(6).44.[10]WILLIANSONDL,KIEHLJT,HACKJJ.ClimatesensitivityoftheNCARcommunityclimatemodel(CCM2)tohorizontalresolution[J].CliDynamics,1995,12(3):377-397.[11]WUTW,LIUP,WANGZZ,etal.TheperformanceofatmosphericcomponentmodelR42L9ofGOALS/LASG[J].AdvancesAtmosSci,2003,20:726-742.[12]KALNAYE,COAUTHORS.TheNCEP/NCAR40-yearreanalysisproject[J].BullAmerMetSoc,1996,77(5):437-471.[13]XIEP,ARKINPA.Analysesofglobalmonthlyprecipitationusinggaugeobservations,satelliteestimates,andnumericalmodelpredictions[J].JCli,1996,9(4):840-858.[14]KIEHLJT,TRENBERTHKE.Earth’sannualglobalmeanenergybudget[J].BullAmerMetSoc,1996,77(3):437-471.[15].--[J].2002,60(3):278-289.[16]IRACEMAFA,COAUTHORS.GlobalclimatologicalfeaturesinasimulationusingtheCPTEC-COLAAGCM[J].JCli,2002,15(21):2965-2988.[17]HESSPG,BATTISIDS,RASCHJR.Maintenanceoftheintertropicalconvergencezonesandthelarge-scaletropicalcirculationonawater-coveredearth[J].JAtmosSci,1993,50(5):691-713.[18]GILLAE.Somesimplesolutionsforheat-inducedtropicalcirculation[J].QuartJRoyMetSoc,1980,106:447-462.THEDEVELOPMENTOFGOALS/LASGAGCMANDITSGLOBALCLIMATOLOGICALFEATURESINCLIMATESIMULATIONI——InfluenceofHorizontalResulotionWANGZai-zhi1，2,WUGuo-xiong3,LIUPing3,WUTong-wen3（1.StateKeyLaboratoryofNumericalModelingAtmosphericSciences&GeophysicalFluidDynamics,InstituteofAtmosphericPhysics,CAS,Beijing100029,China;2.GuangzhouInstituteofTropical&MarineMeteorology,CMA,Guangzhou510080,China;3.NationalClimateCenter,Beijing100081,China)Abstract：TheatmosphericcomponentoftheGlobalOcean-Atmosphere-LandSystemModelofLASG(GOALS/LASG)isdeveloped,mainlytoincreasemodelresolution.ThehorizontalresolutionisincreasedfromR15toR42inthispart,andthemodelisintegratedfor10yrswiththeobservedseasurfacetemperatureandseaice.Theclimatologicalcharacteristicsarecomparedwithobservationaldata,andtheemphasisisgiventotheglobalseasonalandinterannualvariations.Theevaluationofthemodelperformanceshowsthatthemodelisabletosimulatethemainfeaturesoftheglobalclimate,andtheseasonalvariationsareconsistentwiththeobservations.ThesimulatedresponsestoElNiñoeventsarealsoquitereasonable.However,therearealsosomeerrorsthatarethesameasinotherAGCMs.Theanalysesshowthatthecloudandradiationprocessesaffecttheenergybudgetandthesimulationsofcirculationandprecipitationoverland,andtheconvectiveparameterizationhasgreatimportancetothesimulation.Keywords:GOALS;AGCM;modelresolution;climatesimulation