跨文化交际英文版9-Cultural-Diversity

Unit9CulturalDiversityIntoday’sclass,we’ll…understanddiversityamongdifferentcultures;distinguishindividualismfromcollectivism;summarizedominantAmericanculturalpatterns.A.WhatisCulturalDiversity?Culturaldiversityisthevarietyofhumansocietiesorculturesinaspecificregion,orintheworldasawhole.JokeappreciationforculturaldiversityAyounglady’sminiskirtwasaccidentallytornopenbyayoungman.Pleasedecidewheretheycomefromaccordingtotheirresponsestothisincident.1.Beforethemansayingsorry,thewomanboweddownandsaidinatendervoice:sorry,itisallmyfault.Itisallthebadqualityofmyskirt.IamsorryforthetroubleIhavebroughttoyou.Japan:Over-courtesyandmale-dominated2.Beforethemansayingsorry,thewomangavehimaname-cardandsaid:“Thisismylawyer’sphonenumber.Hewilltalkwithyouaboutyoursexharassment.Seeyouinthecourt.”America:Aplacewherelawtalks!3.Beforethemansayingsorry,thewomancoveredthetornpartoftheskirtwithanewspaperinhandandshylysaid:“Sir,canyousendmehome?Itisnotveryfarfromhere.”Thentheyoungmanputhiscoatonthegirlandcalledataxitosendherhome.England:Gentleandconservative4.Beforethemansayingsorry,thewomangurgledandputherhandontheman’sshoulder:“Sir,ifyoudonotmind,youcanbuymearedrosetoshowyourapology.”Thenthemanboughtheraroseandtheywenttoahoteltogethertostudymoreabouttheskirt.France:FriendlyandromanticCaseStudy1DuringtheAmericanCivilWar,averyhungryyoungmanfelldowninfrontofafarmgate.Thefarmergavehimfoodbutinreturnheaskedtheyoungmantomoveapileofwoodinhisyard—infactitwasnotatallnecessarytomovethewood.Whentheyoungmanleft,thefarmermovedthewoodbacktoitsoriginalplace.Seeingallthis,thefarmer’ssonwasconfused.individualismIndependenceSelf-relianceSelf-esteemegalitarianismCaseStudy2AnAmericancouplecametoBeijingtoworkasforeignteachersforthefirsttimeintheirlives.Theyhadathree-year-oldson.Sincebothofthemworked,theyhiredaChinesehousemaid,whowasinherlate40s.Oneofherjobswastotaketheirsontoakindergarteninthemorningandpickhimupandbringhimhomeagainintheafternoon.Shefoundthisthemostdifficultamongallhertasks.Everydaywhenitwastimetotaketheboytokindergartentherewasboundtobeafightwiththeboybecausesheinsistedoncarryingtheboyinherarmsoratleastholdinghishand;buttheboyneverlikedit.Hepreferredtowalkbyhimself.Afterafewdays,shequitthejob.B.Individualismvs.CollectivismTitleThenailthatsticksupwillbepoundeddown.Title枪打出头鸟。TitleThesqueakywheelgetsthegrease.GerardHendrikHofstedeHofstede’sFourCulturalValueSystemCulturalDimensionsTheoryCULTUREUncertaintyAvoidancePowerDistanceMasculinityvs.FemininityIndividualismvs.CollectivismUncertaintyAvoidanceHigh-uncertainty-avoidanceculture:“Whatisdifferent,isdangerous.”Portugal,Greece,Peru,Belgium,andJapan.UncertaintyAvoidanceLow-uncertainty-avoidanceculture:“Whatisdifferent,iscurious”Denmark,Sweden,theUnitedStates,Finland,NetherlandsandIreland..PowerDistanceHighHierarchicalorderIndia,Brazil,Singapore,Greece,Venezuela,Mexico,andPhilippinesLowequalizationAustralia,Finland,Denmark,Norway,NewZealand,andIsraelMasculinityandFemininityMCharacteristics:Menaretaughttobedomineeringandassertiveandwomennurturing.Men---providerWomen---homemakerandbreeder.Representativenations:Ireland,thePhilippines,Greece,SouthAfrica,Australia,Japan,Italy,andMexico.FCharacteristics:Stresscaringandnurturingbehaviors.Promotessexualequality.Interdependenceandandrogynousbehavioraretheideal.Representativenations:Sweden,Norway,Finland,Denmark,andtheNetherlands.Individualismvs.CollectivismIndividualistandCollectivistCulturesAnindividualistcultureisoneinwhichpeopletendtoviewthemselvesasindividualsandtoemphasizetheneedsofindividuals.IndividualistandCollectivistCulturesAcollectivistcultureisoneinwhichpeopletendtoviewthemselvesasmembersofgroupsandusuallyconsidertheneedsofthegrouptobemoreimportantthantheneedsofindividuals.大家好才是真的好，好迪真好。全码老少皆宜淘宝价:89.Poetryinmotion,dancingclosetome.Tome,thepastisblackandwhite,butthefutureisalwayscolor.Thenewdigitalera.Welead.Otherscopy.GroupActivityNamethedifferencesbetweenIndividualismandCollectivismandsupportyourideaswithexamples.ChinaU.S.A.Schoolsclassgroups;samecoursesnoclassgroup;differentcoursesPartiesasharedmeal;asetofperformancescocktailparty;differentconversationpartnersIndividualistandCollectivistCulturesC.DominantAmericanCulturalPatterns①Individualism—theinterestsoftheindividualareparamount②Equality“Allmenarecreatedequal.”③Materialism“Thepersonwhodieswiththemosttoyswins.”④ScienceandTechnology“Moderncivilizationdependsonscience.”⑤ProgressandChangeAmericansplacegreatimportanceonprogressandchange.⑥WorkandLeisure“Totheartofworkingwellacivilizedracewouldaddtheartofplayingwell.”⑦Competition“Ahorseneverrunssofastaswhenhehasotherhorsestocatchupandoutpace.”IndividualismAmericanCulturalPatternsEqualityMaterialismScience&TechnologyProgress&ChangeWork&LeisureCompetitionSelf-checkListWhatisIndividualism?WhatisCollectivism?WhatarethedominantAmericanculturalpatterns?