高三英语阅读猜词训练 2012

高三备课组猜测语义题是近年的高考阅读理解中比较常见的题型，通常在一套试题中有一至二个小题是直接考查语义猜测的.这种题主要考查考生根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力,突出考查大家对语境的分析和把握能力。上下文构词法猜测词意词义猜测题常用提问方式:1.Theword“bigpotato”underlinedprobablymeans___.2.Whatdoestheword“bigpotato”referto?3.Theunderlinedword“bigpotato”istheclosestinmeaningto______.4.Bysayingthat“bigpotato”,theauthormeansthat___.下面的单词都认识吗？猜猜看！ladybirdbigpotatoshanghaijohnDoyoulikealadybird?Inotherwords,itisnotakindofbird.Itisaninsect（昆虫）.Itcanfly.Itswingsarered.Youcanseesevendotsonitsback.Itisverysmall.aladybird瓢虫Tomisagreatman.SoTomistreatedasabigpotato.abigpotato大人物shanghaiTouristsshanghaiedintobuyingexpensivefakes(假货）.Someguidestoldthemthatfakesaregood.Theyareworthbuying.诱骗，欺骗johnTomdranktoomuchwaterlastnight,sohewenttovisitjohntwice.厕所承让承让！咱一个半斤一个八两！猜不出来？你真呆！猜词技巧1：定义释义法---通过解释定义来猜测.其表现形式为:用thatis,inotherwords,mean,becalled,referto等定义或重述形式来解释生词.有时会以同位语或定语从句形式来解释。如:1.Doyoulikealadybird?Inotherwords,itisnotakindofbird.Itisainsect（昆虫）.Itcanfly.itswingsarered.Itisverysmall.2.Yet,shopkeepersmayhavetospendextrahourstodealwithproblems,suchasshoplifters,whoalwaystakeawaythingsfromtheshopwithoutpayingforthem.3.Janeisindecisive,thatis,shecan’tmakeuphermind.瓢虫小偷犹豫不决的1.Herepliedquickly,butafterheconsideredtheproblemmorecarefully,heregrettedhavingmadesuchahastydecision.2.TomisoneofthemostsuperciliousmanIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitehumbleandmodest.技巧2:对比转折法---句中多半有unlike,but,however,while,incontrast,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,insteadof,ratherthan等信息词.另外,分号也可以表示转折,对比的意义.仓促的，匆忙的目空一切,傲慢的1.Theflowersinthevasewitheredbecausetheyhadnowater.2.Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.技巧3:因果法---文章借助关联词because,as,since,for,so,asaresult,therefore等表示前因后果.有时利用动词leadto,cause,resultin,bringabout等表达因果关系.凋谢,枯萎永久的,永远的1.Ifyoudon’tstopdoinglikethis,you’llimpairyourhealth.2.Hestrayedbecauseofthedarkness,anddidn’tknowwherehewas.技巧4:根据并列选择关系猜词义---前后所表达的意思相似或一致,且它们的词义属于同一义域,常用or或and来连接或if引导的句子来猜测.损害迷路技巧5：根据生活常识来猜测。特征：一般能够根据自己的生活经验及生活常识来判断词义。1.Tomsawanowllastnightbutitflewawaywhenhegotnear．A.abirdB.ananimalC.thesun2.Thefreshtroutisverycheap,butIdon’tknowhowtocookit．A.fishB.fruitC.apple技巧1:猜词技巧1：定义释义法---通过解释定义来猜测.其表现形式为:用thatis,inotherwords,mean,becalled,referto等定义或重述形式来解释生词.技巧2:对比转折法---句中多半有unlike,but,however,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,insteadof,ratherthan等信息词.另外,分号也可以表示转折,对比的意义.技巧3:因果法---文章借助关联词because,as,since,for,so,asaresult,therefore等表示前因后果.有时利用动词leadto,cause,resultin,bringabout等表达因果关系.技巧4:根据并列选择关系猜词义---前后所表达的意思相似或一致,且它们的词义属于同一义域,常用or或and来连接或if引导的句子来猜测.技巧5：根据生活常识来猜测。特征：一般能够根据自己的生活经验及生活常识来判断词义。技巧回顾1.Janeisusuallypromptforallherclasses，butshewaslatefortheclasstoday.A．lateB．ontimeC．pleased2.Theboywantstorideabrownpony.A．dogB．catC．horse3.Thechildrenarelookingatalarge,hairy(毛的)apeatthezoo.Theyaretheancestorsofhumanbeings.A．akindofmonkeyB．akindofsnakeC．akindofbird4.Theladyaskedthewaitresstogetheracleansaucertoputhercoffeecupon．A．apaperB．acakeC．asmallplate5.Weseldomseeasparrowintheskybecausetheairisnotsocleannowasusedtobe．A．akindofdogB．akindofplaneC．akindofbirdHowever,whenyoufailed,youcanovercomethedifficultiesifyoustopfocusingonwhomtoblameandstartfocusingonhowtoremedythesituation.Thisisthewinner’skeytosuccess.47.TheunderlinedwordremedyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.avoidB.acceptC.improveD.consider改进；补救Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.31.TheunderlinedwordswimminglyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.earlyB.sweetlyC.quicklyD.smoothly容易地；顺利地Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.Theunderlinedwordmeans____.A.weakB.firmC.kindD.clever坚定的Intheolddays,whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands,theyexpectedtobringwiththemselvesplentyofdowry.Theunderlinedwordmeans____.A.moneyB.childrenC.riceD.houses技巧1:猜词技巧1：定义释义法---通过解释定义来猜测.其表现形式为:用thatis,inotherwords,mean,becalled,referto等定义或重述形式来解释生词.技巧2:对比转折法---句中多半有unlike,but,however,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,insteadof,ratherthan等信息词.另外,分号也可以表示转折,对比的意义.技巧3:因果法---文章借助关联词because,as,since,for,so,asaresult,therefore等表示前因后果.有时利用动词leadto,cause,resultin,bringabout等表达因果关系.技巧4:根据并列选择关系猜词义---前后所表达的意思相似或一致,且它们的词义属于同一义域,常用or或and来连接或if引导的句子来猜测.技巧5：根据生活常识来猜测。特征：一般能够根据自己的生活经验及生活常识来判断词义。技巧回顾Homework:1.Reviewtheskillsabouthowtoguesswords.2.Dotheexercises.