Mark-Twain马克吐温简介和作品赏析

MarkTwain,(马克•吐温)SamuelLanghorneClemens（塞缪尔•朗赫恩•克莱门斯）(1835-1910)MarkTwainanAmericanIconMarkTwain(1835-1910)•MarkTwainwasagreatAmericanwriter,andhewasalsoafamousspeaker.•SamuelLanghorneClemens(MarkTwain)wasborninFloridaandhewasnotahealthybaby.Infact,hewasnotexpectedtolivethroughthefirstwinter.Butwithhismother'stendercare,hemanagedtosurvive.Asaboy,hecausedmuchtroubleforhisparents.Heusedtoplayjokesonallofhisfriendsandneighbors.Hedidn'tliketogotoschool,andheconstantlyranawayfromhome.MarkTwain(1835-1910)•HealwayswentinthedirectionofthenearbyMississippiashelovedthegreatriversomuch.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewas12.MarkTwainleftschoolandbegantoworkforaprinter,whoonlyprovidedhimwithfoodandclothing.Then,heworkedasaprinter,ariverboatpilotandlaterjoinedthearmy.Butshortlyafterthathebecameaminer.Duringthisperiod,hestartedtowriteshortstories.Afterwardshebecameafull-timewriter.“MarkTwainwasalifelongcreatorandkeeperofscrapbooks（剪贴本）.Hetookthemwithhimeverywhereandfilledthemwithsouvenirs,pictures,andarticlesabouthisbooksandperformances.Butintime,hegrewtiredofthelostglue,rock-hardpaste,andtheswearingthatresultedfromthestandardscrapbookprocess.So,hecameupwiththeideaofprintingthinstripsofglueonthepagestomakeupdatesneatandeasytodo.In1872,hepatentedhis“self-pasting”scrapbook,andby1901,atleast57differenttypesofhisalbumswereavailable.Itwouldbehisonlyinventionthatevermademoney.”Inspiredbyhisinventionofthescrapbook,thiselectronicscrapbookrecordsinformationaboutprobablythemostfamousandbelovedhumorist,satirist,andentertainerinAmericanhistoryandillustratessomeofMarkTwain’squotationsabouteveryaspectofourlives.AsayoungmanTwainworkedasariverboatpilotontheMississippiRiver.Whenhestartedhiswritingcareer,SamuelClemensadoptedthename“MarkTwain,”whichmeanttwofathoms,asafedepthforariverboat.Picturesfrom“reports”thathadtobetakenwithagrainofsalt（有保留的）.Soon,hebeganusingthenameMarkTwainandaffixingittosketches,reportage,andanoccasionalhoax.Itwasatimewhenhefirstdiscoveredhistalent,hiscalling（职业）,andhisvoice.Picturesfrom’swealthyelite.Shewouldbepartner,editor,andfellowtravelerinsuccessandfailureforthenextthirty-fiveyears.Shewouldalsofurnishhimherfamily’shomeinElmira,NewYork,aplacewherehevisitedoftenandwrotemanyofhisbest-lovedbooks.Picturesfrom“Ivividlyrememberseeingadozenblackmenandwomenchainedtooneanother,once,andlyinginagrouponthepavement,awaitingshipmenttotheSouthernslavemarket.ThosewerethesaddestfacesIhaveeverseen.”–MarkTwainThoughhismostfamousnoveliscriticizedforbeingracist,MarkTwainneverexpectednorintendedthecontroversythatarosewiththepublicationofHuckleberryFinn.MarkTwainwasnotracist,butdepictedlifeinhistimes.Picturesfrom“Ihavenocolorprejudicesnorcaste（社会等级）prejudicesnorcreedprejudices.AllIcaretoknowisthatamanisahumanbeing,andthatisenoughforme;hecan'tbeanyworse.Picturesfrom’sforemostcelebrity.Hewasinvitedtoattendshiplaunchings,anniversarygatherings,politicalconventions,andcountlessdinners.Reportersmethimateveryportofcall,anxioustoprintanewquip（妙语）fromthefamoushumorist.Toenhancehisimage,hetooktowearingwhitesuitsandlovedtostrolldownthestreetandseepeoplestaringathim.Picturesfrom:Howells,Sherman,Cable,Harte,andothers.ButitalsosawClemensinvolvehimselfinfancifulinvestmentschemesthatledtohisbankruptcy—andeventualdeparture.Picturesfrom（成僻的）traveler.Fromtheageof17tothelastfewweeksofhislifehewasalwaysdiscoveringnewplacesandrevisitingold.HecrisscrossedtheAtlanticmorethanadozentimesandalsosawTurkey,Palestine,Hawaii,Australia,India,andSouthAfrica.Picturesfrom“Thewholeworldismourning.”Bythen,SamClemenshadlongsinceceasedtobeaprivatecitizen.HehadbecomeMarkTwain,aproudpossessionoftheAmericannation.“Iwassorrytohavemynamementionedasoneofthegreatauthors,becausetheyhaveasadhabitofdyingoff.Chaucerisdead,Spencerisdead,soisMilton,soisShakespeare,andI’mnotfeelingsowellmyself.”—MarkTwainPicturesfrom“IcameinwithHalley‘sComet（哈雷慧星）in1835.Itiscomingagainnextyear(1910),andIexpecttogooutwithit.ItwillbethegreatestdisappointmentofmylifeifIdon'tgooutwithHalley'sComet.TheAlmightyhassaid,nodoubt:Nowherearethesetwounaccountablefreaks;theycameintogether,theymustgoouttogether.MarkTwaindiedin1910,theyearHalley’sCometappeared.Picturesfrom