形合和意合(练习)

形合与意合（hypotaxis¶taxis)•英语句法的基本结构•葡萄与项链英语句法的基本结构分析•Itisacuriousfact,ofwhichIcanthinkofnosatisfactoryexplanation,thatenthusiasmforcountrylifeandloveofnaturalsceneryarestrongestandmostwidelydiffusedpreciselyinthoseEuropeancountrieswhichhavetheworstclimateandwherethesearchforthepicturesqueinvolvesthegreatestdiscomfort.——AldousHuxley:TheCountry在有的欧洲国家，气候极端恶劣，追寻如画美景，颇费周折。然而，人们热爱乡居生活，迷恋自然风光，愈发强烈，影响甚远。这真是令人好奇，百思不得其解。形合与意合（hypotaxis¶taxis)•汉语典型句法：流水与竹节汉语典型句法示例•从这里出门散步去，上山或是下山，在一个晴好的五月的向晚，正像是去赴一个美的宴会，比如去一个果子园，那边每株树上都是挂满着诗情最秀逸的果实，假如你单是站着看还是不满意时，只要你一伸手就可以采取，可以恣尝鲜味，足够你心灵的迷醉。——徐志摩《翡冷翠山居闲话》Atarosyduskinmay,youwouldliketotakeastrollupordownthehillforabanquetofbeauty,likeheadingforanorchardwheretherearetreeshangingwithluringanddelicate-lookingfruits,incaseofyourcovetingmorethanwatching,toattractyoutoreachforaheartfulenjoymentwithheartfeltintoxication.重形合vs.重意合•英语句子结构严谨，汉语句子追求简洁；•英语的句子通常以主谓结构为主干，以谓语动词为中心，借助分词、介词、连词、关系代词、关系副词把句子的其他各个语法成分联系起来，呈现出“分岔式”结构。•汉语一般通过多个动词的连用或流水句形式，按照时间的先后顺序逻辑顺序，把一件件事情交代清楚，呈现出“竹竿式”结构Theinsectnibblesthegreenleaves.Thetoadeatstheinsectthatnibblesthegreenleaves.Thesnakecatchesthetoadthateatstheinsectthatnibblesthegreengrass.蛇吃癞蛤蟆，癞蛤蟆吃虫子，虫子吃绿叶。天净沙秋思--马致远枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马，夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。Witheredvineshangingonoldbranches,Returningcrowscroakingatdusk,AfewhouseshiddenpassedanarrowbridgeAndbelowthebridgeaquietcreekrunning.Downawornpath,inthewestwind,Aleanhorsecomesplodding.ThesundipsdowninthewestAndthehomesicktravelerisstillattheendoftheworld.《变形金刚：堕落金刚的复仇》上映后首个周末票房达1.12亿美元，自上映以来累计票房大2.012亿美元，该片有望成为今年的票房冠军。Transformer:RevengeoftheFallentookinUS$112millioninthefirstweekendandUS$201,2millionsinceopening,makingitwellonthewaytobecomingtheyear’stop-grossingmovie.姥姥每天去早市采购，那里蔬菜新鲜，价格便宜。Grandmadoesherdailyshoppinginthemorningmarket,whereshegetsfreshvegetablesandforcheaperprices.他剪了一个板寸，看起来很精神。Hlooksgreatwithacrewcut.中国作家富豪榜周一公布，郭敬明以1300万元的版税收入蝉联冠军，郑渊洁以1100万，杨红樱以980万分列第二，三位。GuoJingmingtoppedagainthelistofChina’smillionaireauthorsreleasedonMondaywitha13millionyuanroyaltyincome,followedbyZhengYuanjiewith11millionyuanandYangHongyingwith9.8millionyuan.人们需要独立工作的时候才发现自己才疏学浅。Itiswhenoneisaskedtoworkonhisownthathefindshimselfwantinginskillsandknowledge.只有在努力工作并且克服困难之后取得成绩，人才会有成就感。Onewon’tfeelasenseofachievementunlesshehasworkedhardandovercomemanyobstacles.吃老本的人会落后。Thosewhorestontheirlaurelssoonfindthemselvesfallingbehind.郁闷了我就吃，吃了又更郁闷，这真是一种恶性循环。ItisreallyaviciouscirclethatIeatbecauseofunhappinessandfallunhappybecauseofeating.在功夫茶盛行的闽南，粤东和台湾，几乎家家户户都有一套雅致的功夫茶具。InSouthFujian,eastGuangdong,andTaiwan,wherecongouispopular,nearlyeveryhouseholdhasadelicatecongouteaset.现代社会很多人急功近利，没有长远的发展规划。Manypeopleinthemodernsocietyaresoeagerforinstantsuccessandquickprofitsthattheydon’tevenhavealong-termdevelopmentplan.熟女指的是年龄在30岁至50岁之间的女性，她们举止得当，有体面的工作，生活经验丰富，具有高雅的时尚品味。Sophisticatedladyreferstoawomanbetween30and50whohaspropermanner,adecentjob,richexperienceinlifeandwell-polishedtasteinfashion.小康之家越多，社会越稳定。Themoremoderatelyprosperousfamiliesthereare,themorestablethesocietywillbe.公元15世纪，我国著名航海家郑和从南京出发下西洋，使这座城市与世界很多国家建立了联系，从而开启了南京对外交往的历史篇章。Inthe15thcentury,thesevenoverseasvoyages,whichwerelaunchedfromNanjingbyrenownedChinesemastermariner,promptedthecitytoestablishtieswithmanyforeigncountries,thusinitiatingherhistoricalageofcomingintocontactwithoverseascountries.山脚下坐落着一间小木屋，我想你一定能在里面找到你过去两个月一直在寻找的书。SituatedatthefootofthehillisahutwhereIthinkyouwillsurelyfindthebookthatyouhavebeenforinthepasttwomonths.梅花具有傲立风雪的顽强品质，是南京的市花，是南京这座历经沧桑的历史文化名城的象征。Theplumblossom,whichcomesintofullbloominwinterdespitecoldwindsandsnowfalls,isthecityflowerNanjing,symbolizingthetenaciouscharactersandvitalityofthishistoricalandculturally-significantcity---acitythatwitnessedvicissitudesinhistory.