我的定语从句

Let’sstudyittogether.定语从句相关概念复合句:主句+从句主句是一个完整的句子,它包含一句子的主要主语和动词。从句是一个从属的句子,它必须和一个主句连用。1.定语从句的定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary..2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的词。3.关系词:引导定语从句的词。关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词:when,where,why4.定从的分类：限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句Thenumberofpeoplereachedasmanyas250,000.Theylosthomesintheearthquake.Thenumberofpeoplewholosthomesintheearthquakereachedasmanyas250,000.定语从句先行词TheboywasJohn'sbrother.Wesawhimyesterday.TheboywhomwesawyesterdaywasJohn'sbrother.定语从句先行词that和which考点一在限定性定语从句中，which和that都指物时，可通用。Thepicturethat/whichwasdrawnbyTomwasnice.但在下列情况中，只能用that，不用which：①当先行词是all,alot,(a)little,few,much,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等词时。如：Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.InthisfactoryIsawlittle/muchthatwasdifferentfromours.②当先行词被all,any,no,much,little,few,every等限定词所修饰时。如：Weheardclearlyeverywordthathesaid.③当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。如：Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetthetickets.WhenpeopletalkaboutHangzhou,thefirstthatcomestomindistheWestLake.④当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容词最高级同时修饰时，如：Isthatthebestthatyoucando?That’sthemostexpensivehotelthatwe’veeverstayedin.ThisnovelisthesecondbestonethatIhaveeverread.⑤当先行词被thevery,theonly,thenext,thelast等所修饰时。如：ThisistheverybookthatIwanttofind.⑥当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。如：TheguestsspokehighlyofthechildrenandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sPalace.Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeopleandplacesthatimpressedhermost.⑦当主句是以which,who开头的特殊疑问句时。如：Whichisthecarthatkilledtheboy?Whoisthegirlthatistalkingtoourteacher?⑧.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which，为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。Hebuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore..1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_____yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom5.Thereisnodictionary_____youcanfindeverything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat6.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it7.Whichwasthehotel_____wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it考点二连接词who的用法who的用法who代人，在从句担任主语，也可代替在从句中做宾语的whom，前面不能有介词。如有介词则必用whom（结构：介词+whom）。ThegirlwhoisinredisMary.Sheisthegirlwho/whomImetthatday.Thedoctortowhomshesentherfriendisveryfamous.注意：以下情况，用who不用thata.先行词为one(s),he,they,anyone,those时e.g.Thosewhowanttoseethefilmputupyourhands.b.先行词有较长定语时用whoe.g.ImetaforeignerinthestreetyesterdaywhocouldaskedmequestionsinChinese.c.一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that另一个用whoe.g.Theboythatyoumetlastnightisthegroupleaderwhostudiesveryhard.d.在therebe开头的句中用who考点三连接词whose的用法whose的用法1。是代词的所有格（‘的’），其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.PleaseshowmethebagwhosecoverisredDoyouknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor?Thisisabookwhosecoverisgreen.2。whose的先行词指物时,可用ofwhich代替,但词序不同，即whose+名词=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.=Helivesintheroom,thewindowofwhichfacessouth.=Helivesintheroom,ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.考点四介词＋关系代词“of+which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。e.g.1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____________shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom2.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,mostof________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.whichDD关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.关系代词前介词的确定4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.关系代词前的介词的确定5.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.1.Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.3.Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?4.Didyoufindthecomposition______Iwrotejustnow?withwhominwhichwithwhichwhichCanyouworkthemout????????Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,________whichwecan’tlive.2.Thestudent________whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?foraboutonwithout1.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_______werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatC2.Iboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,five______wereEnglishnovels.A.ofwhichB.whichC.thatD.inwhichA考点五As与which的用法两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。1.关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.当与such或thesame连用时，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.GoonPlease!3.当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。e.g.Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.Shehasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.Goonplease!4.as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。e.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.1.______wasnatural,hemarriedJenn