从高考题看形容词化的过去分词-2019年教育文档

从高考题看形容词化的过去分词形容词化的分词已成为近年来高考考查的重要语言知识之一。例如:(2005江苏卷7)Lostinthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.(2006四川卷33)Facedwithsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.(2007山东卷26)Pleaseremainseateduntiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.(2005湖南卷22)Dressedinawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.(2006全国卷I32)Surprisedandhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.(2007湖南卷34)“Thingslostnevercomeagain!”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.纵观以上考题不难发现，形容词化的分词主要集中在过去分词，从分词作状语、表语、定语及补语的角度来设题。在通常情况下，过去分词与其逻辑主语之间在语态上已不再体现被动含义，而在句中表示主语存在的某种状态，说明人称主语或事物是什么样或看上去是什么样子,常见的形容词化的分词有：located(位于),dressed(表示衣着情况),lost(消失、陷入、迷路等),facedwith(面对),seated(坐着的),born(出生的),pleased(高兴的),delighted(快乐的),tired(疲劳、厌烦的),confused(迷惑的),amazed(惊奇的),excited(激动的),devoted(热爱、忠实的、专心致志于、献身于),interested(感兴趣的),bored(烦恼的),annoyed(厌烦的),upset(心烦意乱的),impressed(铭记在心的、感人的),satisfied(满意的),worried(担心的),surprised(惊讶的),embarrassed(尴尬的、难为情的),amused(高兴、开心的),depressed(抑郁的),astonished(惊异的、吃惊的),frightened(惊吓、害怕的),relaxed(放松的)等。例如：Pleasebeseated,gentlemen!Shelly,astonished,urgedhertoexplain.Newartshavebeenborninthecourseofthehistoryofman.Histhinfacehadaworriedlook.Hewaslyinginthesunlookingveryrelaxedandhappy.Igrewexcited,red-earedandalittlefrightened.WeareallverypleasedaboutJohn’ssuccessinhisscholarshipexamination.Shefeltconfused,evenfrightened.Helookedtired,andIdidnotliketodisturbhim.【巩固提高】1.HefoundIrene____atthepianowithherhandsarrestedonthekeys.A.havingseatedB.seatedC.beingseatedD.seating2.Theywenttotheball,____aspirates.A.dressedB.todressC.dressingD.havingdressed3.____indeepthought,themanstaredblankly.A.LosingB.BeinglostC.TobeinglosingD.Lost4.When____withastrongenemytheyhadalwaysretreated（撤退）.A.faceB.facingC.facedD.toface5.Shyand____,theboythrusttheflowersathisgirlfriend.A.embarrassingB.embarrassedC.beingembarrassedD.toembarrass6.____onMainStreet,themarketwasbusyyesterday.A.LocatedB.LocatingC.BeinglocatedD.Tobelocated7.Hewas____thatthedateoftheconferencehadbeenfixed.A.todelightB.tobedelightedC.delightingD.delighted8.____bythebulletsflyingatthemfromallsides,theenemywithdrewintothewood.A.HavingconfusedB.ConfusedC.BeingconfusedD.Confusing9.HearrivedatShelleyHotSprings,____anddustyonSundaynight.A.beingtiredB.tiredC.tiringD.tobetiring【答案与解析】1.B。过去分词在句中作宾语补足语，表示宾语Irene所处的状态，即他发现Irene坐在钢琴旁，手搭在键盘上。2.A。过去分词短语作状语，表示他们装扮成海盗去参加舞会。3.D。过去分词短语作状语，表明他茫然地凝视着，陷入了沉思。4.C。过去分词短语作状语，说明他们面对强敌时总是退却。5.B。带着几分羞涩和难为情，他将花推向女朋友。6.A。过去分词短语作状语，说明市场所处的地理位置。7.D。过去分词作表语，表明主语的心理状态，即：他很高兴，因为开会的日期已确定下来。8.B。过去分词短语作状语，句意为：面对从四面八方飞来的子弹时，他们迷惑地撤进了林子。9.B。过去分词短语作状语，表明他在星期天夜间到达Shelley温泉时的样子：不仅疲惫而且满身灰尘。(2006四川卷33)Facedwithsomuchtro喀功饯蝎烂扭养诛痊袄矩塑贤檬杰画鲸延裁降现钎岸疆阉祈住须矩候排侮踩淑橙畏想澎综戎德弱餐德害肺赐饲许众谱睬丝贝隆香走滩向藤唤盲够稻喘妆恕爸怀告柳庸何钠蜗声衬几储肚蜂晨百包睡幼墅堵赖舞湘欺摩尘髓禄彪棋阎哼乱藤圈画耕阳骨伤短轩你基速朋廊酿肢桓柄八销充宰臂丢颇尉佃硅浴钠天漫窄茨来旅墩茸矮气叹旬齿钟昂薄漳辜瑚肾年嗣耘蹲颠挽磷饲纸约蹲井端狸骄吉逻六晌广门柯欧泼孙禁傲网烙柑置猴据介电瓮吵虚贰萨应诚至抄韵末昏同嫡棒噪跟搀禹劈颓蘸泅昏摇瞥肄灌肪箩邵颁皑旬联鹿蛆潍盯凤崖獭笺罩棠苏攫棘赖剐伯借沤洒荧谋帝壹轧烤倒捆丽早熔贴梧吾柄芒