2018高考英语语法填空解题技巧

高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法命题揭密根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考___________________等四类词。一个空格只能填个单词(2)有提示词题型：通常考_____、_______、_____________________________、________________等。一个空格可以填__________个单词冠词、介词、连词和代词一动词形容词和副词的比较等级词性转换一到两名词3.…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittosmalltownsome20kilometersaway.4.Istillremembertaking___visitingfriendfromCanadatoalocalBlackCountrypub(酒店)forlunch.考点一：冠词•名词之前1.Thereoncewereagoat(山羊)andadonkey(驴)….Sothefarmerkilled__________goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.2.WhenIseeachildsubjectto(受到)thiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas________shy,nervousperfectionist(完美主义者).thea考查语法点:定冠词,不定冠词的用法考点分析aa无提示词[解题技巧]下列情况很可能填：(1)________+可数n.(单数)；(2)________+形容词+可数n.(单数)。下列情况下很可能填：(1)_____(+形容词)+n.+of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)_____(+形容词)+n.+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)_____(+形容词)+n.+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)考点分析不定冠词定冠词1He’s___amazingsinger,amusicvideodirector,abusinessownerandhe……2OnewaythatAmericansdothisiswith__firmhandshake.3Thisis____lawofAmerican—ofallsuccessfulpeople.4hourhonestboy_____8-year-oldboyX-rayphoto/umbrella/Americananathean考点二：介词(1)介词+宾语（名词）(2)不及物动词+介词+宾语1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.3.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_________sale.4.Hewasverytired_____________doingthisforawholeday…ofat考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点分析onfrom无提示词：注意固定搭配betiredfrom因…厌倦考点三：代词(1)作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格,注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。(2)指示代词,不定代词、反身代词等考查语法点:代词的基本用法考点分析1.Sherememberedhowdifficult_________wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.2.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinmyvillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_____.3.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingitmyselfhasmade_____wanttosayitagain:asmile…itherme•无提示词[解题技巧]无提示词：代词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括1.人称代词(I/me/you/he/him等)、2.指示代词(it/this等)、3.不定代词(something/anything等)、4.名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers等)、5.疑问代词(which/who等)、6.反身代词(不能作主语)(myself/yourself等)在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her等)。考点分析考点四：连词或从句引导词•两个主谓结构连接1.Historically,itwasfamousforindustry,whichexplains_______theareaiscalledtheBlackCountry.2.Itgotitsnameduringtheindustrialrevolution,_______factorypollutionturnedthelocalskiesblackandlocaldustfromtheminesmadethesoilthesamecolor.3.Janepausedinfrontofacounter(柜台)______someattractivetieswereondisplay.4.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_____hewouldpluckup(拔起)allofhiscropafewinches.whywhen考查语法点:各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法考点分析wherethat•无提示词[解题技巧]考点分析并列句和复合句并列句：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句复合句：主句（主＋谓＋宾）＋从句（连接词＋主＋谓）两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。连词主要有以下四类：(1)并列句：用and,but,or,so,while(而，却)(2)状语从句：(3)定语从句：(4)名词从句：用what,that,if/whether(是否)等用if,how,while，because,where,after,until,although,though,as,since,so等用who,which,that,when,where,why等Janepausedinfrontofacounter__35__someattractivetieswereondisplay.(2009年广东高考)解析：两个句子间没有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导;分析句子意思可知后一句为定语从句，要填的词既引导了这个定语从句，又在此从句中作地点状语，确定填关系副词where.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,____madeherfeellikeastar.which定语从句的引导词语法填空题—纯空格介词，连词，代词，冠词，(情态动词)考点五：谓语动词•有提示词•与主语构成主谓结构1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(07广州一模)2.Hisfearoffailure________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.(08深圳二模)3.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(08广东)wastoldkept考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致考点分析results考点六：非谓语动词•有提示词•除谓语动词以外的动词形式1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson[32]__________(receive)thegift.(07广州一模)2.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft____________(complete)therest!(07广二模)3.Mypupils,Donnie[40]__________(include),adoredher.(08深圳二模)4.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinishdescribingthemenu,myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows(眉毛)(raise).(11广州一模)receivingtocompleteincluded考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用考点分析raised考点七：词性转换•有提示词•介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid[36]__________(rude).(07深圳一模)2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.(08惠二模)3.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_______(nature)course.(08广东)4.____________(doubt),althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithinkitisstillagoodonewhichbringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.(09汕头水平考试)rudelysuggestion考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化考点分析naturalUndoubtedly考点八：形容词的级•有提示词•通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级1.Oneofthe[33]__________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…(07广州一模)2.…Wewerebothlaughingthewholetimeatourcompleteinabilitytocommunicateinwords.Whenitwastimetoleave,Isaid“thankyou”inKorean,usingsomeofthefewwordsIhadlearned.Ifelt__________(lonely)thanIhadexpectedthatnight.(2009届江门二模)3.LucilleCliftonisanaward-winningpoetandwriter.Criticscallheroneofthe_________(great)writersofourtime.(双语报)worst考点分析lesslonelygreatest总结提升一．根据句子结构，确定词性动词名词形容词副词冠词介词连词代词词性一般有提示词无提示词总结提升二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形冠词定冠词,不定冠词并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致连词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词汇,构词法谓语动词代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词根据语义,确