我国地源热泵技术研究进展和产业发展探讨

汤志远*,丁国良**,胡海涛(上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240),,,TechnicaladvancesandindustrialdevelopmentsofgroundsourceheatpumpinChinaTangZhiyuan,DingGuoliang,HuHaitao(ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,Shangha,i200240)AbstractThispaperintroducestheclassificationandcharacteristicsofgroundsourceheatpumpsystem(GSHP),summarizesthelatesttechnicaladvancesofGSHPinChina.Ontheotherhand,factorsthatpromotesandconstraintsthedevelopmentofGSHPindustryinChinaaresetforth,followedbytheprospectofGSHPindustryinChina.KeywordsGSHP;technicaladvances;industrialdevelopmen;tprospect0(Groundsourceheatpumpsystems),,,,1,,!∀;,,!∀,65%,35%,22.75%,(2-3),101[1],,,,:,,,,620093***:(1984-),,,,:,:,:200240:[e-mail],COP40%[2];,,,,,,,;,,,;,,,,,,,,1:(Ground-coupledheatpumpsystems);(Groundwaterheatpumps);(Surface-waterheatpumps),,,(),,,,,,[3],,,,,,,11:()U;(),;,:;:1),;2)();3),,():1),,();2)();3);4),720093::,:1),,;2);3),,:1);2);3);;:,:1);2),;3),;4)2,2080,5,;;,,2.12.1.1,,,,,,[4]U,,[5][6],[7]MeiFischer[8],,,820093,,[9],,,,,,[10],,#[11]2.1.2,,,,,,,[12],,,U,8%,U16%[13],,,,,,,,,[14],,,[15]2.1.3,Kavanaugh,10%,4.5%~5.8%[16],,,[17];,[18],3,,,,[19],,,,,,2.2,[20],,,[21][22]920093,:,,,,[23],,2.3,,,CO2,NH3,HCFC,HFC,HFE[24],CO2,,CO2,,,CO2,[25]CO2,,[26],,COP3.0[27],,[28],HCFC22,HFC134a,HFC152a,R13I1,HFC143,HFC236fa,HFC245fa6,6[29],4,HTR01,HTR02,HTR03HTR04,ODP,GWP,,,DP-1,FluidH,,ODP=0,GWP150,HFC-134a,2.4,,,,,,,;,,;,,--[30]-,6.13,2.94,[31]-,,,,[32],,,,[33]3,,,,,,,10200933.1∃%200611,!,∀;∃%,;∃%∃%∃%:!∀,25%,2020,50%,,332008420081020061(2006-2020)200622006820069∃%200693.22080,5,,,,!∀!∀,16m2,,,13m2,1996,,312m2[34]2005,2500,2000m2,45%,35%,20%500m2,700m2,,!∀[35]80,∃%,,,[35]44∃%55528,125%5000-112.5%3000-500025%300037.5%,112009350000m216%10000-50000m242%10000m242%100017%500-100021%50062%,3.3,,:;1),,5,30%~40%5(0.1kW/m2)(600~800)/kW(350~550)/kW(900~1200)/kW500/kW(40~60)/kW(40~60)/kW(800-1400)/kW(20~40)/m2(20~40)/m2(20~40)/m2100/m2100/m2100/m2310/m2230/m2240/m2,6.6,,,615,,,,,,,,,6(0.1kW/m2)/0.6/kWh0.6/kWh2.1/m32.1/m33600kJ/kWh3600kJ/kWh35700kJ/m335700kJ/m3(COP)4.0,5.00.8,3.80.85,0.914.7/m27.56/m225.94/m29.95/m223.05/m211.12/m24.5/m24.5/m24.5/m22/m226.76/m242.39/m238.67/m2:14090,10,0.72),,,,1220093,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,3.4400m2,160m2,105m2,5%,95%;,20m2,2020,300m2,(100~150)m2,,,70m2,,,,,,,,;,,,,;,41),,,,,,;2),,,;3),,,,[1].[M].:,2005[2],.[J].,2008,(151):24-27.[3],.[J].,2007,37(11):22-29.[4],,.[J].,2007,28(2):141-145.[5],,.U[J].,2007,28(5):482-488.[6],.U[J].,2006,27(5):51-57.[7],,.[J]..2007.37(5):1034-1038.[8]MeiVC,FischerSK.VerticalConcentrictubegroundcoupledheatexchanger[J].ASHRAETransactions,1983,89(2B):391-406[9],,.[J].,2005,35(6):16-19.[10],.[J].,2008,42(3):409-414.[11],.[J].,2007,37(9):35-39.[12],,.[J].,2004,25(2):216-220.[13],,.[J].,2007,35(8):60-62.[14],,.[J].,2007,28(1):23-27.[15],.[J].2005.,2005.[16]KavanaughSP.Fieldtestsforgroundthermalpropertiesmethodsandimpactonground-sourceheatpumps[J].ASHRAETrans.13200931998,104(2):347-355[17],,.[J].,2006,27(3):279-283.[18],,.[J].,2006,27(9):934-936.[19],,.[J].,2006,46(6):891-895.[20],,.[J].,2006,27(2):195-222.[21],,.[J].,2006,27(12):1219-1224.[22],,.[J].,2006,39(2):229-234.[23],,.[J].,2002,23(6):687-691.[24].[J].,2007,37(10):40-43.[25],,.CO2[J].,2003,24(1):41-45.[26],.CO2[J].,2007.9[27],,,.[J].,25(2):211-215.[28],,,.HFCS[P].:200410018830.3,2004-04-05.[29],.[P].:02153913.8,2002-12-05.[30],,.-[J].,2006,27(12):1214-1218.[31],,.-U[J].,2008,38(4):651-655.[32],,.[J].,2007,28(11):1206-1212.[33],.[J].,2007,37(9):131-134.[34].[J].,2008,(1):8-11.[35],.[J].,2007,(3).Gntner#GntnerGntnerGntner2008Chillventa,Gntner#GntnerMicrooxGVX,1300GntnerMicroox,,,Gntner2,:;;,50%,GVX15%GVX,,GVX,(董天禄摘译自日本∃JARN%.2009年6月)1420093