您好,欢迎访问三七文档
Firstwealthishealth.Q1:Whatshould/shouldn’twedotokeephealthy?Q2:Whatkindoffoodmustweeattobestrong?Q3:Whatoughtwetoeattostayslim?主要情态动词•Can,could•May,might•Must/haveto•Need•Dare•Will/would•Shall/should/oughttoWhatmodalverbshaveyoulearned?年份推测虚拟语气情感、态度必要性其他2004403602005130220200632242200763133200873121200942420合计371013217高考中的情态动词特点(浙江卷完成句子题中07年2题,08和09年未考)高考中的情态动词特点情态动词040506070809合计can(n’t)31526017could0300115may0110316might1001002should(n’t)41152316shall/shan’t2011004need(n’t)1220005must(n’t)26242521will0100001合计131512131410771.情态动词有一定的意义,只表示期待或估计某事的发生,不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情。2.没有人称和数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。3.不能独立使用,它和后面的动词构成谓语。4.情态动词除ought和have外,后面只能接动词原形5.情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词等形式。只作情态动词的can/could,may/might,oughtto,must可情态可实义的need,dare可情态可助动词的shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词的haveto情态动词的语法特征情态动词含义否定式注意点must表必要“必须”needn’t“不必”(区别haveto)有时表“偏要”表推测“一定”can’t“不可能”只能用于肯定句,不能用于否定、疑问句1.must&need&haveto注意:1)must表示推测时,只能用于肯定句。mustdo对一般时的肯定推测musthavedone对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断mustbedoing对现在的动作进行肯定推测e.g.他们买了一辆新车。他们一定很有钱Theyhaveboughtanewcar.Theymusthavealotofmoney.他现在一定在看小说Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.---Needhestartfromthebeginning?---Yes,hemust.---No,heneedn’t/doesn’thaveto.1.作情态动词时,仅用于否定或疑问句,后接动词原形,表“需要”2)needYouneedn’treturnthebooknow.2.needn’thavedone表示做了本不必要做的事情,意为“本不必要…”OurcolorTVsetisstillgoodenough.Youneedn’thaveboughtanewone.3.作实义动词时,表示“需要”,有人称、时态、和数的变化Heneedstofinishitthisevening.Theclassroomneedscleaning.4)注意对need问句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thavetoneedn’t对其它情态动词的回答:--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--No,you__________.--No,you__________.--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.--No,you__________.needn’tdon’thavetoneedn’tdon’thaveto情态动词含义否定式注意点can/could表能力“能/会”can’t“不会,不能”区别beableto表许可“可以”can’t“不可以,不许”代替may表推测“可能”can’t“不可能”主要用于否定/疑问句中1表示某人通过努力克服困难做成某事,要用was/wereableto.2could,might,would表委婉语气用于疑问句,答语仍须用can,may,will.3can用于肯定句中,可表示”有时可能”2.can/could4.can/couldhavedone“本可以,本可能做某事”用于肯定句中,表示对过去发生的事情做出的判断。你本来可以考的更好。Youcouldhavehadabettermark.5.can/couldnothavedone对过去发生行为进行推测:不可能做某事1)刚才我还看见他了,所以他不可能出国的。Isawhimjustnowsohecouldn’thavegoneabroad.2)门是锁着的,所以她不可能在家。Thedoorwaslocked,soshecouldn’thavebeenathome.情态动词含义否定式注意点may/might表许可“可以”mustn’t“不许,严禁”口语中也可用can’t表推测“可能”can’t“不可能”主要用于肯定句,不能用在疑问句(maynot可能不)3.may/might注意:might/mayhavedone,表示对过去发生的动作进行可能性推测,1)他可能去医务室了。Hemayhavegonetotheclinic.2)他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。Hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper.1.---MayIuseyourpencil?---Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.2.Shemaynotbeworkingnow.3.Johnmightbeathomenow.4.Helenmaygoonthetripwithus,butsheisn’tverysureyet.5.Shemay/mighthavereaditinthepaper.6.Hemaynothavefinishedreadingthebook.情态动词用法will表请求(第二人称)表意志,意愿表某种倾向或习惯would更客气的请求过去的意志(愿)过去的倾向或习惯4.will/would情态动词用法shall征求对方意见(第一,三人称)表示命令,警告,威胁或允诺(第二,三人称)should/oughtto表示劝告,建议,命令或责任“应该,必须”表示推测,“理应,估计,大概,可望”should还可表示“竟然”5.shall,should和oughttoYoushalldoasIsay.(命令)1.在陈述句中,shall用于二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。ShallIopenthewindowforyou?(征求意见)2.在疑问句中,用于一、三人称,用来表示请求或征求意见。注意:Tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.(允诺)Nothingshallstopmedoingit.(决心)Shallhefetchsomewaterforyou?(请求)Youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers.3.should常表示劝告、建议、命令,与oughtto意义相近,但oughtto多表示责任、义务,语气强烈。Everycitizenoughttoobeylaw.Yououghtnottogo.Youshould/oughttohavetoldherthetruthearlier.Sheshouldn’thaveleftwithoutsayingaword.4.should/oughttohavedone表示责备或批评,意为“本应该…但”,oughtto的语气更强烈,用于否定则表示“本不该…但”5.Should用于可能性推测时,表“应该,很可能”Theyleftat5:30.Theyshouldgettherenow.1.作为情态动词用,常用在否定句和疑问句中。Dare(need)+S+VS+daren’t(needn’t)+VIdaren’twalkthroughtheforestatnight.Dareyouwalkthroughtheforestatnight?Youneedn’treturnthebooknow.Needhegoyesterday?六.可兼做行为动词的情态动词:need、dare2.作实义动词用,常用在肯定句中,有人称、时态、和数的变化Heneedstogotherehimself.Hehasgrownup,sowedon’tneedtoworryabouthim.3.Sth(sb)need(want,request)+doing/tobedoneThehouseneedscleaning/tobecleanedTheboyneedssendingtothehospitalatonce.表示推测——情态动词的重要用法肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测must对将来对现在对过去情态动词may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.+V.+havedone常见mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用not表示“可能不”+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoingI.Trytoexplainthemeaningsofthemodalverbsinthefollowingsentences.1.HecanspeakEnglishwell.2.Youcangohomenow.3.Thatcan’tbetrue.4.CouldyoupleaseshowmethewaytoBeihaiPark?5.Theyhuntersarelost.Theycouldstarve.6.MayIcomein?7.Hemaygiveyousomehelp?abilitypermissionguessingrequestpossibilitypermissionpossibility8.Don’tworry.Iwillhelpyou.9.Oftenhewoulddressuplikearichman.10.Wouldyouliketojoinusfordinner?11.YoushallhavetheticketassoonasIgetit.12.Youshouldarriveattheairporttwohoursbeforehegoes.13.Itisfiveo’clock.Heshouldturnupsoon.14.WangFengwinsanawardeveryyear.Hemustbestrong.promisepasthabitrequestpromisepredictionadvicespeculation2.用情态动词完成句子1).You’vebeenworkingallday.You______beverytired.2).(Thedoorbellrings)Iwonderwhothatis.It______beLisa.She’sstillinthelibraryatthistime.3).Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You______comeandseeusmoreoften.mustcan’tshould4.Ihaven’tdecidedwhereI’mgoingformyholidays.I_____gotoAustralia.5.
本文标题:情态动词的用法
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-5382482 .html