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用以修饰名词,表示事物的特征的词。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分.①单个形容词作定语时,放在被修饰的名词前。Heisagoodstudent.②形容词作不定代词的定语时,要放在不定代词的后面。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.形容词作表语时,与连系动词构成系表结构。Thetreesturngreeninspring.Myteacherishappytoday.形容词作宾语补足语时,用来说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。e.g.Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean.Hemadeushappy.1.当形容词修饰somewhere,anywhere,nowhere或复合不定代词something,anything,nothing,someone,anyone,somebody,anybody,nobody,everything时,须置于被修饰的复合不定代词之后。e.g.I'dliketolivesomewherequiet.我想住在安静的地方。Haveyouseenhere?你在这里见到过陌生人吗?2.当形容词与enough一起时,放在enough之前。Thistruckisbigenoughtocarry5tons.anybodystrangec()31.—Howdoyoulikethetalkshow?—Ithinkit's____,butsomepeoplethinkit'sso_____.A.wonderfulenough;boredB.enoughwonderful;boringC.wonderfulenough;boringD.enoughwonderful;bored3.有的形容词,在句中只能作表语。这类形容词主要以a开头,如afraid(害怕的),alive(活着的),awake(醒着的),alone(独自的;单独的)。(√)Heisalonethere.(×)Heisanaloneman.(√)Shelooksawake.(×)Sheisanawakekid.4.the加上某些形容词,表示一类人或事物。例如:theyoung(年轻人),therich(富人),thepoor(穷人)。[注意]这一句型中常用描述做某事性质的形容词,如:important,necessary,difficult,easy,hard,dangerous,safe,useful,pleasant,interesting,impossible等用for是因为前面的adj是来描述todosth的.用ofadj就用来形容sb的,即sbisadj.5.形容词常用句式(1)“It's+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某说……”。(2)“It's+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人做某事……”。[注意]这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如:good,kind,nice,polite,clever,foolish,lazy,careful,careless,right,wrong等。It'sverydifficultmetodoit.It'sverykindyoutodoitforme.Itismoreconvenienthimtowalkdirectly.对他来说,直接走过来比较便捷.Itiscleverhimtocomedownwithoutropes.他很聪明,不用绳子就能下来.forofforof(difficult指事情很难)(kind指人的品质好Youarekind.)(convenient指事情很便捷)(clever指人很聪明Heisclever.)beanxiousabout为……担忧becertainabout确信……beexcitedabout对……感到兴奋besureabout对……有把握beworriedabout为……担心beweakin在……方面不行bebadfor对……有害,对……不利befamousfor因……闻名befitfor合适begoodfor对……有益(方便)belatefor迟到bereadyfor为……准备好besorryfor因……抱歉bewell-knownfor以……出名beabsentfrom缺席,不在bedifferentfrom与……不同befarfrom离……远,远远不betiredfrom因……而疲劳beinterestedin对……感兴趣beafraidof害怕befullof充满beproudof为……自豪beshortof缺乏besureof肯定,有把握betiredof对……厌烦besimilarto与……相似befriendlyto对……友好beangrywith对(某人)生气bebusywith忙于……becarefulwith小心bepatientwith对(某人)有耐心bepleasedwith对……满意(高兴)bepopularwith受……欢迎besatisfiedwith对……满意bestrictwith对(某人)严格friendly,famous,different,popular,satisfied,pleased,patient,similar例如:UsuallyIdomyhomeworkintheevening.通常我在晚上做家庭作业。Ioftengetupatsixinthemorning.我经常在早晨6点起床。Pleasespeakslowly.请慢慢说。(1)副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。2.副词的位置及用法1.副词的概念:副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词,用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念(2)副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面。例如:Theseflowersarequitebeautiful.这些花相当漂亮。Heworksveryhard.他工作很努力。但有时也有例外例如:Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.(enough放在了形容词的后面)她已到了上学的年龄。(3)副词修饰整个句子时,通常可以放在句首.例如:Luckily,shegotgoodgradesthistime.3.副词的分类时间副词today,tomorrow,yesterday,now,then,ago,before,soon...地点副词here,there,home,abroad,upstairs,downstairs,...方式副词carefully,slowly,quickly,happily,badly,easily,...程度副词very,quite,rather,verymuch,too,so...频度副词always,usually,often,sometimes,never...疑问副词where,how,when,why...注意:频度副词一般多用在实义动词之前,be动词、情态动词、助动词之后。Hesometimesgoesswimmingintheriver.他有时去河里游泳。Sheisneverlateforclass.她上学从不迟到。(1)本身为副词,如now,rather,also,there,here,how,when,too,quite等。(2)少数词既是副词,也是形容词。这样的词有early,late,high,fast等,只是它们作副词与作形容词时在句中的位置不同。Hecomestoschoolveryearlyeverymorning.他每天到校很早。(early为副词,修饰动词come)MrSmithalwayscatchestheearlybustogotoworkeverymorning.史密斯先生每天早上总是乘早班车上班。(early为形容词,作名词bus的定语)4.副词的构成注意:少数以ly结尾的词是形容词,而不是副词,如friendly(友好的),lovely(可爱的),deadly(致命的),lively(活泼的),manly(男子气概的)等。(3)由“形容词+ly”构成。①一般直接加-ly。careful→carefully(认真地)quick→quickly(快地)②以le结尾的去掉e再加-ly。possible→possibly(可能地)comfortable→comfortably(舒适地)③以-y结尾的形容词把y改为i,再加-ly。easy→easily(容易地)happy→happily(高兴地)④shy的副词形式为shyly(害羞地)①“A+v.+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B”表示“A和B程度相同”,“和……一样”LucyisasoldasKate.露西和凯特的年龄一样大。Tomruns__________Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。asfastas②“A+v.+not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B”表示“A不如B……”。如:Thisclassroomis________________thatone.这间教室不如那间大。Hedoesn'twalkasslowlyasyou.他走路不像你那样慢。notas/sobigasListeningisjustas________asspeakinginlanguagelearning.A.importantB.moreimportantC.mostimportantD.themostimportantA构成方法原级比较级最高级一般在词尾(单音节词)加er,esttall,longtaller,________tallest,________以不发音的字母e结尾的词(单音节)加r,stnice,largenicer,________nicest,________longerlongestlargerlargest比较级的构成以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y变为i,再加er,-esthappy,funnyhappier,________happiest,________以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单词,双写末尾的辅音字母再加er,estbig,hot,thinbigger,hotter,________biggest,hottest,________部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more,mostbeautiful,slowlymorebeautiful,_________mostBeautiful___________funnierfunniestthinnerthinnestmoreslowlymostslowly不规则变化good/well—better—bestmany/much—more—mostill/bad/badly—worse—worstlittle—__________—__________far—farther/further—farthest/furthestlessleast若表示某一个事物或人在某方面比另一个事物或人更怎样,可以使用以下几个句型。1.A+...比较级+than+B“A比B更……”。Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.地球比月球更大。Heworksharderthanus.他比我们工作更努力。A—WasHenrylatefortheconcertyesterday?—No.Hegotthereeventenminutes____thanustwo.A.earlierB.earliestC.laterD.latest2.“特殊疑问词+v.+比较级,AorB?”Whichis__________,theblueballortheredone?哪一个球更大,蓝球还是红球?bigger3.“A+v.+the+比较级+ofthetwo+……”表示“A是两者中较……的”。Lookatthetwoboys.Xiaomingis__________thet
本文标题:形容词和副词课件
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