新能源汽车的发展战略新能源汽车的发展战略

AkiraSasakiSeniorManagingDirector,ToyotaMotorCorporationSep6,2009AkiraSasakiSeniorManagingDirector,ToyotaMotorCorporationSep6,2009DevelopmentStrategyofNewEnergyVehicleDevelopmentStrategyofNewEnergyVehicle:AutomobileHistory:EarlyStageElectricCar(1899)SteamCar(1769)BenzGasolineCar(1885)PorscheHybridCar(1900):AutomobileHistory:PopularizationEarlyoilwellTFordModelT(1908),Realpossibilityofreaching“peakoil”inthenearfuture,Realpossibilityofreaching“peakoil”inthenearfuture(Reference):(Reference):(Discovery)(Discovery)(Production)(Production)60605050404030302020101000193019301950195019701970199019902010201020302030(Prediction)(Prediction)(“Peakoil”)(“Peakoil”)/(Billionsofbarrels/year)/(Billionsofbarrels/year)(year)(year)GapBetweenOilDiscoveryandProductionGapBetweenOilDiscoveryandProduction20102030FCHVEVSyntheticfuelsSyntheticfuels(GTL/CTL/BTL)(GTL/CTL/BTL)Bioethanol/biodieselBioethanol/biodieselElectricityElectricityHydrogenHydrogenGasification/synthetictechnologyCO2reductiontechnology(duringproductionoffuel)ObtaindesiredpropertiesTechnologyutilizingcelluloseElectricalstoragetechnologyforPHVsandEVsCO2reductiontechnology(thermalpowerstation)CO2reductiontechnology(duringhydrogenproduction)InfrastructuredevelopmentHydrogenstoragetechnologyPetrolandDieselPetrolandDiesel(fromconventionaloilfields)(fromconventionaloilfields)ElectricalstoragetechnologyforEVGasGasPetrolandDieselPetrolandDiesel(fromdeep(fromdeep--seaoilfields,seaoilfields,oiloilshalesshales,etc.),etc.)BuildinfrastructureStabilizesupplyInfrastructuredevelopmentElectricityElectricitygenerationgenerationHydrogenHydrogenproductionproductionBiomassBiomassNuclearNuclearenergyenergyHydro,Hydro,Solar,Solar,GeothermalGeothermalenergyenergyCoalCoalNaturalNaturalgasgasOilOil:ResponsetoEnvironmentalandEnergyIssues:Oil:ResponsetoEnvironmentalandEnergyIssues:OilInternalcombustionengineDrillingandrefiningtechnologyandcostGasstoragetechnologyHybridtechnologyPlug-inhybridtechnologyCatalyticconverterEFIDOHC4-valveVVT-iDualVVT-iDualVVT-iEValvematicO2sensorA/FsensorLean-burnLow-frictionD-4D-4SStopandStartSystemEnvironmentalperformance(highfuelefficiencyandcleanexhaustemissions)ÄPetrolengineNewengineseriesLowcompressionratioDieselengineTurbochargerDOHC4-valveCommonrail(135MPa)SolenoidinjectorCommonrail(180MPa)PiezoinjectorCommonrail(200MPa)OxidativecatalystCooledEGRVariablenozzleturboLowfrictionDPRcatalyticconverterDPNRcatalyticconverterNewengineseriesEnvironmentalperformance(highfuelefficiencyandcleanexhaustemissions)ÄTransmissionEnvironmentalperformance(fuelefficiencyperformance)ÄNewtransmissionseriesFlexLock-upCVTFlexstartECTECT-iLock-up6AT8AT4AT5ATNAVI-AIIntegratedvehiclecontrolLow-viscocityATFImpressivedriving(Dynamicperformance)ÄImpressivedriving(Dynamicperformance)ÄImpressivedriving(Dynamicperformance)Ä,Enginesandtransmissionsrevampedthroughongoingincorporationofnewtechnologies,EnginesandtransmissionsrevampedthroughongoingincorporationofnewtechnologiesEvolutionofEnginesandTransmissionsEnergyManagementMechanismofHybridVehicleEnergyManagementMechanismofHybridVehicle(Battery)(Battery)(Energy)(Energy)EnergyReuseEnergyReuse(EngineOutput)(EngineOutput)AccelerationAcceleration(Deceleration)(Deceleration)(Time)00SurplusEnergySurplusEnergyRegenerativeBrakeRegenerativeBrake9009008008007007006006005005004004003003002002001001001,0001,00000(thousands)(thousands)’97’97’98’98’99’99’00’00’01’01’02’02’03’03’04’04’05’05’06’06’07’07’08’08’09’09(year)(year)()AnnualsalesofToyotaHVs(worldwide)()AnnualsalesofToyotaHVs(worldwide)IncreaseinPromotionofHVsAcceleratepromotionofhybridmodelstosatisfymarketdemandAcceleratepromotionofhybridmodelstosatisfymarketdemandAcceleratepromotionofhybridmodelstosatisfymarketdemandTOYOTA’sHybridVehiclesarepossible“EVDrive”TOYOTA’sHybridVehiclesarepossible“EVDrive”(HybridVehicle)(Eco-Run)IdleStopIdleStop(StrongHV)()ClassificationofHybridVehiclefunction()ClassificationofHybridVehiclefunctionPriusandotherTHSRegenerativeRegenerativeBrakeBrakeIdleStopIdleStop(MildHV)IdleStopIdleStopMotorAssistMotorAssistRegenerativeRegenerativeBrakeBrakeEVEVDriveDriveIdleStopIdleStopMotorAssistMotorAssistRegenerativeRegenerativeBrakeBrake20102030FCHVEVSyntheticfuelsSyntheticfuels(GTL/CTL/BTL)(GTL/CTL/BTL)Bioethanol/biodieselBioethanol/biodieselElectricityElectricityHydrogenHydrogenGasification/synthetictechnologyCO2reductiontechnology(duringproductionoffuel)ObtaindesiredpropertiesTechnologyutilizingcelluloseElectricalstoragetechnologyforPHVsandEVsCO2reductiontechnology(thermalpowerstation)CO2reductiontechnology(duringhydrogenproduction)InfrastructuredevelopmentHydrogenstoragetechnologyPetrolandDieselPetrolandDiesel(fromconventionaloilfields)(fromconventionaloilfields)ElectricalstoragetechnologyforEVGasGasPetrolandDieselPetrolandDiesel(fromdeep(fromdeep--seaoilfields,seaoilfields,oiloilshalesshales,etc.),etc.)BuildinfrastructureStabilizesupplyInfrastructuredevelopmentElectricityElectricitygenerationgenerationHydrogenHydrogenproductionprodu