电子电路经典实例教程[图解]

1.2.4.3ΟAD2(c)12V3k15VD1ΟAD2(c)12V3k15VD1ΟAD2(c)12V3k15VD12.4.3ΟAD2(d)12V3k6VD1D1VAO=0V;D2VAO=6V;D1ΟAD2(d)12V3k6VD1ΟAD2(d)12V3k6VD12.4.420V140kD10k25k5k+−18k2k15VBCA20V140k10k25k5k+−18k2k15VBCAVA=1510140101VVB=1552552021820.5VVAVB,D2.4.5+−+−+R-IR+-RLIOVOVIIZDZIZminIZIZmaxIZ=IRIo=(VIVz)/RIoIZminIZ=(VIVz)/RIoIZmaxVI=VIMinVIMaxIL=ILMinILMax1VI=VIMinIL=ILMaxIZminIZ;IZminIZ2VI=VIMaxIL=ILMinIZIZmaxIZIZmax+R-IR+-RLIOVOVIIZDZIZminIZIZmaxIZ=IRIo=(VIVz)/RIoIZminIZ=(VIVz)/RIoIZmaxR(VIVz)/IZminIoR(VIVz)/IZmaxIoVI=VIMinVIMaxIL=ILMinILMaxR(VIMinVz)/IZminILMaxR(VIMaxVz)/IZmaxILMin+R-IR+-RLIOVOVIIZDZIZminIZIZmaxIZ=IRIo=(VIVz)/RIoR=(VIVz)/IZIoRminRRmaxIZminIZIZmaxRminIzmaxRmaxIzminVI=VIMinVIMaxIL=ILMinILMaxRminRRmaxRmin(VIMaxVz)/IZmaxILMinRmax(VIMinVz)/IZminILMax2.5.1(VIMaxVz)/IZmaxILMinR(VIMinVz)/IZminILMaxVI=1213.6,IL=056mA,IZ=556mA,Vz=9V82.1R49.2,Pz=1WIzmax112mAIZM=56mA=0.5IzmaxIZ=5112mA41.1R49.2,51{end}2.12.1.12.1.22.1.32.1.42.1.1SiGeGaAs2.1.22.1.3——————2.1.3T=300Kn=p=1.41010/cm314.961022/cm322.1.4T=300Kn=p=1.41010/cm312:n=51016/cm32.1.4N——P——1.NN,2.PP3.T=300Kn=p=1.41010/cm314.961022/cm33106/cm32N:n=51016/cm32.2PN2.2.1PN2.2.2PN2.2.3PN2.2.4PN2.2.1PN2.2.1PNNPNPPNNPPNPN↓↓→↓,2.2.2PNPNPN(1)PN••PN2.2.2PNPNPN(2)PN••PNPNPNPN2.2.2PN(3)PNV-IiD/mA1.00.50.51.00.501.0υD/VPNiD/mA1.00.5iD=IS0.51.00.501.0υD/V)1(/SDD−=TVveIiIS——VT——T=300KV026.0==qkTVTmV26=2.2.3PNPNPNiDOVBRυD————2.2.4PN(1)CB2.2.4PN(2)CD2.2.4(d)kar——C——PFC0C1/(C)C{end}2.32.3.12.3.22.3.32.3.1PN(1)PN(3)PN(2)PN(4)PNP(d)ka2.3.2+iDvD-R)1(/SDD−=TVveIi0υD/V0.20.40.60.8−10−20−30−405101520−10−20−30−40iD/µAiD/mAVthVBR0υD/V0.20.40.6−20−40−605101520−10−20−30−40iD/µAiD/mAVthVBR2.3.3(1)IF+iDvD-R2.3.3(2)VBRVRMiDOVBRυDVRM=0.5VBR(3)2.3.3(4)VFiD/mA1.00.50.51.00.501.0υD/VPNiD/mA1.00.5iD=IS0.51.00.501.0υD/V+iDvD-RV70on.=VV20on.=V2.3.3(5)CBC1/(C){end}{end}2.42.4.1V-I2.4.2iD/mA1.00.50.51.00.501.0υD/VPNiD/mA1.00.50.51.00.501.0υD/VPNVDD)1(/SDD−=TVveIiiD=(VDD-vDD)/R2.4.1V-I1.3.2.ka2.4.1V-I1.000oDDDD≥≤=vvvvv{υO/V0=1υD/V2.4.1V-I2.onDonDonDDoVvVvVvvv≥≤={υO/VVon0=1υI/VVonV70on.=VV20on.=V4.DDdivr∆∆=)1(/SDD−=TVveIiQQdvdigDDd=QVvTTeVI/SD=TVID=dd1gr=DIVT=T=300K)mA()mV(26DDdIIVrT==2.4.1V-I2.4.21.V0D=VmA1/DDD==RVIR=10kΩ1VDD=10VmA930onDDD./)(=−=RVVIV70on.=V+−υDiDVDDVI10VonVIVon+−υDiDVDD2VDD=1VV0D=VmA10DDD./==RVImA030onDDD./)(=−=RVVIV70onD.==VVVD2.4.22.υO−+D(a)(b)VREFυI−+RυO−+VonVREFυI−+R2.4.2V731REFonI.)()(=+VVvυO−+VREFυI−+RυO/V9630369υO/V9630π2πωtωtπ2π=1VREF+Von=3.7VυI/V(c)(d)3.7VV732REFonI.)()(=+≥VVvυO−+VonVREFυI−+R2.52.5.12.5.22.5.31.2.3.2.5.11.(a)(b)∆IZ∆VZ2.2.5.1(1)VZIZ(2)rZrZ=∆VZ/∆IZPZMVZIZIZmaxIZmin(5)——αVZ2.5.13.+R-IR+-RLIOVOVIIZDZVO=VZ##IZminIZIZmax##VVIIVVZZVVOO##RR1.VI=VIMinVIMaxIL=ILMinILMaxDZVZIZIZMRDZ552.5.1R+R-IR+-RLIOVOVIIZDZ{end}4.1*4.2-4.3--4.44.5NPFETJFETMOSFET(IGFET)NPNP4.14.1.1JFET••4.1.2JFET•••4.1.1JFET1.SsNDdPPGgGg4.1.1JFET4.11.##2.4.1VGSVGS0NJFETVGSVPVGS(off)NJFETVP0PN→→VGSVDSVGS=0VDS↑→ID↑GDPNVDSVGD=VPVDS↑→↑→ID→VGSVDSVPVGS0VDSIDVGS=0VGD=VGSVDS=VP4.1••≈••##JFETJFETBJTBJT4.1##JFETJFET4.1.2JFETconst.DSDGS)(==vvfi2.const.GSDDS)(==vvfi)0()1(GSP2PGSDSSD≤≤−=vVVvIiVP1.4.3.2DMOS3.MOS1.PVDDNVDD2.VGSPN3.NVGSIDPVGSID4.3(Enhancement)(Depletion)NPNPMOSFET(IGFET)4.34.3.1MOSFET(EMOS)4.3.2MOSFET(DMOS)4.3.3FET•••4.3.1EMOS1.NEMOSB4.3.14.3.1JFET4.11.VBS0N+PNVDSPPMd0S##2.4.1VGSVGS0VGSVPVGS(off)NJFETVP0PN→→VGSVDSVGS=0VDS↑→ID↑GDPNVDSVGD=VPVDS↑→↑→ID→VGSVDSVPVGS0VDSIDVGS=0VGD=VGSVDS=VP2.4.1(a)VGS=VDS0(b)VGS0,VDS0VGS2.4.1(c)VGSVGS(th),VDS0N(d)VGSVGS(th),VDS02.4.1(e)VGSVGS(th),VDS=VGS-VGS(th)VGD=VGSVDS(d)VGSVGS(th),VDS0VDS↑VGD→→IDVDS↑→ID↑VDS4.1VGA=VGS(th)VSA=VGS-VGS(th)VDA=VDS–(VGS-VGS(th))2.4.14.1NEMOSconst.DSDGS)(==vvfi2.const.GSDDS)(==vvfi1.4.1NEMOSconst.DSDGS)(==vvfi1.VGSVGS(th),VDSVGS-VGS(th)4.13.VP(VGS(off))VGSIDSSVGS=0gmDSGSDmVvig∂∂=0)1(2GSPPPGSDSSm≤≤−−=vVVVvIgvGSiDgmmS()rdGSDDSdVivr∂∂=4.13.RGSRGS107V(BR)DSV(BR)GSPDM{end}4.1.1EMOSPEMOS4.3.2DMOS1.MOS4.3.2DMOS2.4.3.2DMOS3.MOS1.PVDDNVDD2.VGSPN3.NVGSIDPVGSID4.44.4.1FET••4.4.2FET•FET••1.4.4.1FET12vGSvGSvGSvGSvGSSV−=GSVGVDDg2g1g2VRRR+=RID−vGS=-iDR4.42.VGSIDVDSQVPvGS=-iDR2PGSDSSD)1(VvIi−=VDDVDS=-ID(Rd+R)QVGSIDVDS4.44.4.2FET1.FET14.424.42.4.42.2rD3=iV&gsV&RVggsm&+)1(mgsRgV+=&=oV&dgsmRVg&−=mVA&RgRgmdm1+−//iiRR′=giiIVR&&=′)]//([g2g1g3RRR+)]//([)1(g2g1g3mgsgsRRRRgrr+++Rgrr)1(mgsgs++=gsgsgsmgsgsgs)(rVRVgrVV&&&&++=)//(g2g1g3iRRRR+≈4doRR≈4.4.223=iV&gsV&)//(LgsmRRVg&+[])//(1LmgsRRgV+=&=oV&)//(LgsmRRVg&=mVA&)//(1)//(LmLmRRgRRg+=ioVV&&1≈)//(g2g1g3iRRRR+≈=TI&RI&gsmVg&−RVT&==gsV&TV&−gsmVg&−=oRm11gR+=TTIV&&m1//gR=4.43.BJTFETCECSCCCDCBCGBJTFETbeLc)//(rRR⋅−β)//)(1()//()1(LebeLeRRrRRββ++⋅+beLc)//(rRR⋅βCECCCB)//(LdmRRg−)//(1)//(LmLmRRgRRg+)//(LdmRRgCSCDCG3.4.4beb//rRBJTFET[])//)(1(//LebebRRrRβ++β+1//beerRCECCCBCSCDCG)//(g2g1g3RRR+m1//gR)//(g2g1g3RRR+cRβ++1)//(//bebserRRRcRCECCCBCSCDCGdRm1//gRdR=gsmVg&=iV&+gsV&2gsmRVg&+bI&bI&βbI&β≈=oV&cbRI&β−=MVA&2mcm1RgRg+−6.128−=giRR≈coRR≈Ω=M5sgRRms18m=g100=βΩ=k1ber=ioVV&&=sMVA&=soVV&&=⋅iosiVVVV&&&&Ω=k20≈⋅+MisiVARRR&6.128M−=VA&{end}5.15.25.3‹‹5.11.omomomomo2122IVIVP=×=∆ABQPOVomIom5.15.12.)))Vo=PP=η)5.13.Vo=PP=ηToo=PPP+)()(