商务统计学-常用词汇整理表

商务统计学词汇表Chapter1Categoricalvariables分类变量Continuousvariables连续变量Data数据Descriptivestatistics描述统计学Discretevariables离散变量Focusgroup焦点小组方法，小组访谈法，焦点讨论方法Inferentialstatistics推断统计学Numericalvariables数值变量Operationaldefinition运算定义Parameter参数Population总体Primarysources原始（数据）来源Sample抽样、样本secondarysources二手（数据）来源statistic统计量statistics统计学、统计数据statisticalpackages统计（软件）包variables变量Chapter2Barchart柱形图、条形图Cells单元、元素Chartjunk图表垃圾Classboundaries组限Classgrouping分组Classmidpoint组中值Contingencytable列联表Cross-classificationtable交叉分类表Cumulativepercentagedistribution累计百分比分布Cumulativepercentagepolygon累计百分比多边形图Frequencydistribution频数分布Histogram直方图Ogive(cumulativepercentagepolygon)卵形图、累积曲线图Orderedarray有序的数列Paretodiagram帕累托图Paretoprinciple帕累托准则percentagedistribution百分比分布percentagepolygon百分比多边形图piechart饼图、圆形图range全距relativefrequencydistribution相对频数分布scatterdiagram散点图stem-and-leafdisplay茎叶图summarytable汇总表time-seriesplot时间数列图widthofclassinterval组距Chapter3Arithmeticmean算术均值Box-and-whiskerplot箱线图Centraltendency集中趋势Chebyshevrule切比雪夫法则Coefficientofcorrelation相关系数Coefficientofvariation变异系数Covariance协方差Dispersion离散离差Empiricalrule经验法则Extremevalue极端值Five-numbersummary五数（值）概括法Geometricmean几何平均Interquartilerange（IQR）四分间距、内距Left-skewed左偏Mean均值Median中位数Midspread中间离散、中间离差Mode众数Outlier异常值Populationmean总体均值Populationstandarddeviatio总体标准差Populationvariance总体方差Q1:firstquartile下四分位数Q3：thirdquartile上四分位数Quartile四分位数Range全距Resistantmeasures抗性测度值Right-skewed右偏Samplecoefficientofcorrelation样本相关系数Shape(分布)形状Skewed偏斜（度）Spread离散（分布）Standarddeviation标准差Sumofsquares平方和Symmetrical对称的Variance方差Variation变异Zscores标准分数Chapter4Aprioriclassicalprobability先验古典概率Bayes’theorem贝叶斯定理Certainevent必然事件Collectivelyexhaustive完备穷尽Combination组合Complementofevent事件的补A’Conditionalprobability条件概率Contingencytable列联表Decisiontree决策树Empiricalclassicalprobability经验古典概率Event事件Generaladditionrule一般加法法则Generalmultiplicationrule一般乘法法则Impossibleevent不可能事件Intersectionofevent事件的交Jointevent联合事件Jointprobability联合概率Marginalprobability边际概率Multiplicationruleforindependentevents独立事件的乘法法则Mutuallyexclusive互斥Permutation排列Samplespace样本空间Simpleevent简单事件Statisticalindependence统计独立性Subjectiveprobability主观概率Tableofcross-classifications交叉分类表Union联合Venndiagram韦恩图Chapter5Areaofopportunity机会域Binomialprobabilitydistribution二项概率分布Expectedvalueofadiscreterandomvariable离散随机变量的期望值Mathematicalmodel数学模型Poissondistribution泊松分布Probabilitydistributionforadiscreterandomvariable离散随机变量的概率分布Ruleofcombination组合定律Standarddeviationofadiscreterandomvariable离散随机变量的标准差Chapter6Continuousprobabilitydensityfunction连续概率密度函数Cumulativestandardizednormaldistribution累积标准正态分布Normaldistribution正态分布Normalprobabilitydensityfunction正态概率密度函数Normalprobabilityplot正态概率图Quantile-quantileplotQ-Q图，分位数图Standardizednormalrandomvariable标准正态随机变量Transformationformula转换公式Chapter7CentralLimitTheorem中心极限定理Clusters群Clustersampling整群抽样Conveniencesampling方便抽样、便利抽样Coverageerror涵盖误差Frame抽样框Judgementsample判断抽样（样本）Measurememnterror测量误差Nonprobabilitysample非概率抽样Nonreponseerror无回答误差Probabilitysample概率抽样Samplingdistribution抽样分布Samplingdistributionofthesamplemean样本均值的抽样分布Samplingdistributionofthesampleproportion样本比例的抽样分布Samplingerror抽样误差Samplingwithreplacement重置抽样Samplingwithoutreplacement不重置抽样Selectionbias选择偏差Simplerandomsample简单随机抽样Standarderrorofthemean均值的标准误差nxStandarderroroftheproportion比例的标准误差np)1(Strata层Stratifiedsample分层抽样、分类抽样Systematicsample系统抽样Tableofrandomnumbers随机数表Unbiased无偏的Chapter8Confidenceintervalestimat置信区间估计Criticalvalue临界值Degreesoffreedom自由度Levelofconfidence置信水平Pointestimate点估计Samplingerror抽样误差Chapter9Levelofsignificance显著性水平Alternativehypothesis备择假设Confidencecoefficient置信系数Confidencelevel置信水平Datasnooping数据探测法Directionaltest方向性检验（左或右单侧检验）Hypothesistesting假设检验Nullhypothesis原假设One-tailtest单尾检验、单侧检验P-valueP值Powerofastatisticaltest统计检验功效Randomization随机性、随机选择Regionofnonrejection非拒绝域Regionofrejection拒绝域Teststatistict检验统计量Two-tailtest双尾检验、双侧检验TypeⅠerror第一类错误TypeⅡerror第二类错误Chapter10(第五版的10、11章)Among-groupvariation组间方差Analysisofvariance(ANOVA)方差分析Criticalrange临界区域FdistributionF分布f-teststatisticfortestingtheequalityoftwovariances两个方差相等的F检验Factor因素grandmeanX总平均数homogeneityofvariance方差齐性Levenetest方差齐性检验Matched匹配Paired配对Meansquare均方MSA组间均方差MST总均方差MSW组内均方差Multiplecomparisons多重比较One-wayANOVA单因素方差分析Pairedttestforthemeandifferenceinrelatedpopulations有关总体均值之差的配对t检验Pooled-variancettest合并方差的t检验Posthoc验后比较Randomerror随机误差Randomnessandindependence随机性和独立性Repeatedmeasurements重复测量Robusttest稳健性检验Separate-variancettest分离方差的t检验Studentizedrangedistribution学生（氏）全距或极差分布Sumofsquaresamonggroups（SSA）组间平方和Sumofsquarestotal(SST)总平方和Sumofsquareswithingroups(SSW)组内平方和Tatalvariation总方差Treatmenteffect处理效应Tukey-KramermultiplecomparisonprocedureTukey-Kramer多重比较方法Within-groupvariation组内方差Chapter11（第五版的12章）Assumptionsofregression回归假设Autocorrelation自相关Coefficientofdetermination决定系数Confidenceintervalestimateforthemeanresponse因变量（响应变量）均值的置信区间估计Confidenceintervalestimatefortheslope斜率的置信区间估计Correlationcoefficient相关系数Dependentvariable因变量Durbin-WatsonstatisticD-W统计量Errorsumofsquares(SSE)随机误差平方和Equalvarian