三端口网络和功分器

苏涛西安电子科技大学，电子工程学院2008年春现代微波电路和器件设计17、三端口网络和功分器17、三端口网络和功分器一、三端口网络基础二、T型结功分器三、Wilkinson功分器四、实例17、三端口网络和功分器一、三端口网络基础二、T型结功分器三、Wilkinson功分器四、实例•网络理论研究是器件和电路分析的重要手段•器件和电路设计最常用的就是网络分析和综合•一般性网络研究的指导性作用•三/四端口网络分析，本科•模型网络分析，研究生功率分配器最简单的形式是三端口网络，必然满足三端口网络的一般规律。互易无耗三端口网络，各个端口不能同时匹配。也就是说，互易无耗的三端口网络实现功分，总是会引入额外的反射；要想没有反射，必须采用有耗的，或者非互易的三端口网络。17、三端口网络和功分器一、三端口网络基础二、T型结功分器1、无耗分配器2、电阻性分配器三、Wilkinson功分器四、实例1、无耗分配器各种T型结功率分配器无耗T型结的传输线模型B可忽略，或可抵消三端口不能同时匹配，如3dB等分功率50100100输出端口无隔离1、电阻性分配器等分三端口电阻性功率分配器•三个端口全匹配3Z403Z200Z•功率分配132VV1221V43VV21413121SSS于是，01110111021S02121ZVPininPPP4132功率输出相等，但是供给的功率的一半消耗在电阻上。17、三端口网络和功分器一、三端口网络基础二、T型结功分器三、Wilkinson功分器四、实例Wilkinson功分器•当输入端口匹配时，无耗；•仅耗散了反射功率；•实现任意功率分配比；Wilkinson功分器及其等效传输线电路采用横向中心平面对称的等效电路归一化奇偶模分析偶模：奇模：有效激励：0322VVVgg0322VVVgg04302ggVVV，偶模：没有电流流过电阻r，开路；原电路相当于四分之一波长阻抗变换器；端口2看进去的阻抗22inZZ如果，端口1匹配；2ZxjxjeeVxV0214VjVVVe111001jVVVVe得到：201jVVe从端口1，向着归一化为2的电阻看，反射系数为2222奇模：中线电压为零，中心平面的两个点接地；端口1短路；端口2全部功率传送到电阻上（传输线侧开路）再求出当端口2和端口3终端接匹配负载是，端口1处的输入阻抗；端口1匹配。对于Wilkinson分配器，其S参数如下：022003223311322112112332211SSjSSjVVVVSSSSSoeoe在端口1，输入阻抗为1对于偶/奇模，匹配对称，由于互易性端口2和端口3对称中心对称线下的短路和开路注意：当分配器在端口1驱动并且输出匹配时，没有功率消耗在电阻上。所以，当输出都匹配是，分配器是无耗的；只有从端口2或端口3反射的功率消耗在电阻上；而且此时功率仅消耗在电阻上，端口2和端口3是隔离的。17、三端口网络和功分器一、三端口网络基础二、T型结功分器三、Wilkinson功分器四、实例MicrowaveOffice带有的Examples：1.WilkinsonCurve2.Wilinson3.PowerDivider_4Way4.PowerDivider_16WayWilkinsonCurveThisexampledemonstrateshowtolayoutawilkinsondividerthathasclosedloops.Thelayoutwasconstructedusingmcurveswithequationsthatdeterminetheradiusesofthecurvesgiventhewidthandlengthsofthemicrostriplines.Theequationswereformulatedsothatallthelayoutcellssnaptogetherproperlyinaclosedloop.MSUBName=ErNom=Tand=Rho=T=H=Er=SUB19.801.7mil25mil9.8MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62106milwinmilX3TFRF=RS=L=W=ID=0GHz50winmilwresmilTL2MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius1mil180Degwidth1milTL3MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius1mil180Degwidth1milTL4MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius2mil90Degwidth2milTL5MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=final_radiusmil90Degwidth4milTL8MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=final_radiusmil90Degwidth4milTL9123MTEEX$ID=MT1123MTEEX$ID=MT2123MTEEX$ID=MT3123MTEEX$ID=MT4123MTEEX$ID=MT5MLINL=W=ID=width2milwidth1milTL1MLINL=W=ID=width2milwidth1milTL10MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius3mil180Degwidth2milTL11MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius2mil90Degwidth2milTL6MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius3mil180Degwidth2milTL12MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius4mil90Degwidth3milTL14123MTEEX$ID=MT6123MTEEX$ID=MT7MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius5mil180Degwidth3milTL15MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius4mil90Degwidth3milTL16MCURVER=ANG=W=ID=radius5mil180Degwidth3milTL17TFRF=RS=L=W=ID=0GHz50winmilwresmilTL7TFRF=RS=L=W=ID=0GHz50winmilwresmilTL13PORTZ=P=50Ohm1PORTZ=P=50Ohm2PORTZ=P=50Ohm3width1=6width2=10.69width3=16.41radius1=resonator_length1-2*width2final_radius=100win=26radius2=width3-width2/2resonator_length1=64.94radius3=resonator_length2-radius2-width3width4=25resonator_length2=67.85resonator_length3=74.36radius4=width4-width3/2radius5=resonator_length3-radius4-width4wres=12.5参见MWO工程EMSightSimulationofaWilkinsonPowerDividerThisexampledemonstartesEManalysisofaWilkinsonpowerdivider.Byusingstraightlinesinsteadofcurvesthesimulationmeshesmuchmoreefficiently.ThisisagoodapproachtodesigningEMstructuresasyougetfasterresultswhilegainingtheaccuracyofafull-waveEManalysis.Wilkinson123123123123参见MWO工程PowerDivider_4Way4-WayPowerCombiner:Thisexampeshowsthe2Dand3Dlayoutviewofa4-waycombinercreatedautomaticallyfromstandardmicrostripmodels.MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62190mil55milX1MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62400mil55milX2MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62400mil55milX3MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62400mil55milX4MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62400mil55milX5MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62400mil55milX6MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62400mil55milX7MLINL=W=ID=10mil50milPAD1MLINL=W=ID=10mil50milPAD2MLINL=W=ID=10mil50milPAD3MLINL=W=ID=10mil50milPAD4MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62219mil40milDummy1MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62252mil40milDummy2MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62509mil40milDummy3MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62384mil40milDummy4MSUBName=ErNom=Tand=Rho=T=H=Er=SUB11.001.01.4mil20mil2.2123SUBCKTNET=ID=2wayS1123SUBCKTNET=ID=2wayS2123SUBCKTNET=ID=2wayS3PORTZ=P=50Ohm1PORTZ=P=50Ohm2PORTZ=P=50Ohm3PORTZ=P=50Ohm4PORTZ=P=50Ohm5MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.6274mil100milX1123MTEE$ID=TL1TFRF=RS=L=W=ID=0MHz50363.5mil45.4375milV1MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.621320mil55milX2123MTEE$ID=TL2MLINL=W=ID=25mil55milTL3MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.621320mil55milX3123MTEE$ID=TL4MLINL=W=ID=25mil55milTL5MSUBName=ErNom=Tand=Rho=T=H=Er=SUB11.001.01.4mil20mil2.2PORTZ=P=50Ohm1PORTZ=P=50Ohm2PORTZ=P=50Ohm3子电路的应用PowerDivider_16Way16-WayPowerDivider:A1:16waypowerdividerispresented.ThedividerutilizeelementsuniquetoMWOsuchastheMTRACEwhichmakesthelayoutaveryeasytasktoaceive.MSUBName=ErNom=Tand=Rho=T=H=Er=SUB19.8020.15mil10mil9.8MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62230mil10milX1MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62230mil10milX2MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62120mil10milX3MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62120mil10milX4MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62120mil10milX5MTRACEM=BType=L=W=ID=0.62120mil10milX6RESR=ID=50OhmR1RESR=ID=50OhmR2RESR=ID=50OhmR3