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四级考试阅读技巧—句子与段落匹配题作文(30分钟)翻译(30分钟)听力(30分钟)选词填空(7分钟)深度阅读(20分钟)长篇阅读(13分钟)共130分钟40分钟作文(15%)翻译15%听力(35%)选词填空5%深度阅读20%35%长篇阅读10%共710分及格425分篇章后附有10个句子,每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落,要求找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题,有的段落可能不对应任何一题。三个及三个以上的句子对应一个段落的情况没有出现过。长篇阅读的文章基本都是专业题材的文章,可能会觉得很陌生,不要求完全理解只要求能够通过略读或查读的方式找到题干的信息并根据原文内容相比做出正确选择。只是有题干和答案简单的同义词替换。选材来源1.NewScientist2.Newsweek3.TheNewYorkTimes4.Time5.TheWashingtonPost体裁方面题材方面1.议论文2.说明文3.新闻评述4.记叙文1.人文科学2.自然科学题型归纳细节辨认题,文字上和原文一样。(最简单)同义转述题,即文字上换了同义的表达。(简单)细节推断题,即句子是从原文某个细节推断出来。(较难)段意归纳题,即句子是某段文字意思的归纳。(较难)匹配题阅读步骤:Step1(0.5-1min)第一步:阅读文章标题和文章重要部位了解文章内容(Skimming)1、文章标题2、首段第一句话3、末段第一句话和最后一句话如果句子是非概括性的句子则不看。主要目的是了解topic和attitudeExample简单浏览文章标题和文章重要部位,用时越短越好。大致了解文章内容。(Skimming)Title:TVLinkedtoLowerMarksFirstsentencesinFirstParagraph:Theeffectoftelevisiononchildrenhasbeendebated...Nowthreenewstudies…FirstSentenceinLastParagraph:Lucasputstheresponsibilityfor…squarelyonparents.第二步:分析题目+查读(scanning)1)分析题目找出题目中的关键词和定位词。关键词是指题目简化后的中心词,最能表示出句子的含义。定位词是题目中的专有信息或特殊信息(数字、时间、地点、人物、特殊字体和特殊符号等),它能帮助定位到具体的段落。阅读步骤:Step2(12min)1.人名定位2.地点定位3.数字定位4.事件定位5.现象定位6.动作引语定位7.对象定位8.专有名词定位9.修饰语定位10.主题定位阅读步骤:Step2(12min)标红为关键词,下划线为定位词1.AccordingtoBorzekowski,childrenhavingchancestouseafamilycomputerarelikelytoacquirebetterresultsonthedifferenttests.2.ThereportsissuedintheArchivesofPediatrics&AdolescentsMedicinefindthatwatchingtoomuchTVleadstopoorperformanceinschool.Example3.WatchingmorethanthreehoursofTVbeforeage3hasbadeffectonkids.4.Accordingtothesecondreport,thechanceforonetoacquireacollegedegreedependsontheamountofhisTVwatchingduringhischildren.………..Example阅读步骤:Step2(12mins)2)查读(Scanning)1、看题目,按题查找。带着题目中的定位词,到原文中去查找定位,找到句子信息所在段落。有时要用到句子中的多个定位词到原文中定位查找。查找时遵循先易后难的原则。(Scanning)在查读时,一目十行地寻视与答题内容相关的词句,与此无关的内容要很快略过。在最短的时间内掠过尽可能多的内容,找到所需要的信息。2、确定答案。定位后,在定位词附近找有无与题目关键词相关内容,有则直接选择该段,无则继续往下找定位词(可在未确定位置标上定位词的题号以便下次判断)。阅读步骤:Step2(12mins)先易后难原则+不重复原则第一遍:第一题定位时scan每段的第一句话(随手用/区分首句)。找到则在段落前打\表示已对应一题,然后做下一题;没找到则放弃直接做下一题。后面同理。最后大概能完成3-6题第二遍:没完成的题目重新开始,题目定位时scan每段的最后一句(随手用/区分末句)。找到则在段落前打\表示已对应一题,然后做下一题;没找到则放弃直接做下一题。后面同理。最后大概还剩2-3题阅读步骤:Step2(12mins)第三遍:剩下的题目,定位时scan每段的中间(先找没有标注\的段落,打过两次\的段落不用看)。最后大概还剩0-1题三遍完成后剩下的题目算是比较难的题目,做起来得不偿失,可以选择放弃,也可以根据题目句子含义猜测会处于文章的大致位置。阅读步骤:Step2(12mins)查读可运用下列技巧:1、利用章节标题:Title(标题)、Subtitle(副标题)和Sectionheading(段落标题)2、在浏览每段首句时,如果有的话,可顺手将本段的关键词用笔圈出。这些起到小标题的作用。再阅读到该段时可以辅助判断,减少阅读难度。3、不断的查读过程中留意掌握文章的大致结构脉络Followme2015年6月四级真题Essay-GradingSoftwareOffersProfessorsaBreak[A]Imaginetakingacollegeexam,and,insteadofhandinginabluebookandgettingagradefromaprofessorafewweekslater,clickingthesendbuttonwhenyouaredoneandreceivingagradebackinstantly,youressay,scoredbyasoftwareprogram.Andthen,insteadofbeingdonewiththatexam,imaginethat,thesystemwouldimmediatelyletyourewritethetesttotrytoimproveyourgrade.[B]EdX,thenonprofitenterprisefoundedbyHowardandtheMasschusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)tooffercoursesontheInternet,hasjustintroducedsuchasystemandwillmakeitsautomatedsoftwareavailablefreeontheWebtoanyinstitutionthatwantstouseit.Thesoftwareusesartificialintelligencetogradestudents’essaysandshortwrittenfreeingprofessorsforothertests.[C]Thenewsservicewillbringtheeducationalconsortium(联盟)intoagrowingconflictovertheroleofautomationineducation.Althoughautomatedgradingsystemsformultiple-choiceandtrue-falsetestsarenowwidespread,theuseofartificialintelligencetechnologytogradeessayanswershasnotyetreceivedwidespreadacceptancebyeducatorsandhasmanycritics.[D]AnantAgarwal,anelectricalengineerwhoisthepresidentofEdX,predictedthatInstant-gradingsoftwarewouldbeausefulteachingtool,enablingstudentstotaketestsandwriteasessaysoverandoverandimprovethequalityoftheiranswers,hesaidthatthetechnologywouldofferdistinctadvantagesoverthetraditionalclassroomsystem,wherestudentsoftenwaitdaysorweeksforgrades.Thereisahugevalueinlearningwithinstantfeedback,Dr.Agarwalsaid.Studentsaretellingustheylearnmuchbetterwithinstantfeedback.[E]Butskeptics(怀疑者)saytheautomatedsystemisnomatchforliveteachers.Onelongtimecritic,LesPerelman,hasdrawnnationalattentionseveraltimesforputtingtogethernonsenseessaysthathavefooledsoftwaregradingprogramsintogivinghighmarks.Hehasalsobeenhighlycriticalofstudiesclaimingthatthesoftwarecompareswelltohumangraders.[F]Heisamongagroupofeducatorswholastmonthbegancirculatingapetition(呼吁)opposingautomatedassessmentsoftware.Thegroup,whichcallsitselfProfessionalsAgainstMachine.ScoringofstudentEssaysinHigh-StakeAssessment,hascollectednearly2,000signatures,includingsomefromfamouspeoplelikeNoamChomsky.[G]Let'sfacetherealitiesautomaticessayscoring,Thegroup'sstatementreadsinpart.Computercannot'read'.Theycannotmeasuretheessentialsofeffectivewrittencommunication:accuracy,reasoning,adequacyofevidence,goodsense,ethical(伦理的)position,convincingargument,Meaningfulorganizationandclarityamongothers.“[H]ButEdXexpectsitssoftwaretobeadoptedwidelybyschoolsanduniversities.ItoffersfreeonlineclassesfromHoward,MITandtheUniversityofCalifornia-Berkeley;Thisfall,itwilladdclassesfromWellesley,GeorgetownandtheUniversityofTexas.Inall,12universitiesparticipateinEdX,Which
本文标题:大学英语四级匹配题技巧总结
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