基于单片机的居室安全报警系统设计外文参考及翻译

本科生毕业设计（论文）专业外文翻译原文：MicrocontrollerBasedHomeAutomationSystemWithSecurity译文：基与单片机的智能家居系统与安全性指导教师：职称：副教授学生姓名：学号：1002120106专业：电气工程及其自动化院（系）：机电工程学院2014年3月20日2MicrocontrollerBasedHomeAutomationSystemWithSecurityAbstract:Withadvancementoftechnologythingsarebecomingsimplerandeasierforus.Automaticsystemsarebeingpreferredovermanualsystem.ThisunittalksaboutthebasicdefinitionsneededtounderstandtheProjectbetterandfurtherdefinesthetechnicalcriteriatobeimplementedasapartofthisproject.Keywords-component;Automation,8051microcontroller,LDR,LED,ADC,Relays,LCDdisplay,Sensors,SteppermotorI.NTRODUCTIONAhomeautomationsystemintegrateselectricaldevicesinahousewitheachother.Thetechniquesemployedinhomeautomationincludethoseinbuildingautomationaswellasthecontrolofdomesticactivities,suchashomeentertainmentsystems,houseplantandyardwatering,petfeeding,changingtheambiancescenesfordifferentevents(suchasdinnersorparties),andtheuseofdomesticrobots.Devicesmaybeconnectedthroughacomputernetworktoallowcontrolbyapersonalcomputer,andmayallowremoteaccessfromtheinternet.Typically,anewhomeisoutfittedforhomeautomationduringconstruction,duetotheaccessibilityofthewalls,outlets,andstoragerooms,andtheabilitytomakedesignchangesspecificallytoaccommodatecertaintechnologies.Wirelesssystemsarecommonlyinstalledwhenoutfittingapre-existinghouse,astheyreducewiringchanges.Thesecommunicatethroughtheexistingpowerwiring,radio,orinfraredsignalswithacentralcontroller.NetworksocketsmaybeinstalledineveryroomlikeACpowerreceptacles.AlthoughautomatedhomesofthefuturehavebeenstapleexhibitsforWorld'sFairsandpopularbackgroundsinsciencefiction,complexity,competitionbetweenvendors,multiplencompatiblestandardsandtheresultingexpensehavelimitedthepenetrationofhomeautomationtohomesofthewealthyorambitioushobbyists.II.HOMEAUTOMATIONHome/officeautomationisthecontrolofanyorallelectricaldevicesinourhomeoroffice,whetherwearethereoraway.Home/officeautomationisoneofthemostexcitingdevelopmentsintechnologyforthehomethathascomealongindecades.Therearehundredsofproductsavailabletodaythatallowuscontroloverthe3devicesautomatically,eitherbyremotecontrol;orevenbyvoicecommand.Homeautomation(alsocalleddomotics)istheresidentialextensionofbuildingautomation.Itisautomationofthehome,houseworkorhouseholdactivity.Homeautomationmayincludecentralizedcontroloflighting,HVAC(heating,ventilationandairconditioning),appliances,andothersystems,toprovideimprovedconvenience,comfort,energyefficiencyandsecurity.Disabledcanprovideincreasedqualityoflifeforpersonswhomightotherwiserequirecaregiversorinstitutionalcare.Earlier,welookedintothefaceoffuturewhenwetalkedaboutautomateddevices,whichcoulddoanythingoninstigationofacontroller,buttodayithasbecomeareality.III.NEEDOFAUTOMATIONWithadvancementoftechnologythingsarebecomingsimplerandeasierforus.Automationistheuseofcontrolsystemsandinformationtechnologiestoreducetheneedforhumanworkintheproductionofgoodsandservices.Inthescopeofindustrialization,automationisastepbeyondmechanization.Whereasmechanizationprovidedhumanoperatorswithmachinerytoassistthemwiththemuscularrequirementsofwork,automationgreatlydecreasestheneedforhumansensoryandmentalrequirementsaswell.Automationplaysanincreasinglyimportantroleintheworldeconomyandindailyexperience.Automaticsystemsarebeingpreferredovermanualystem.Throughthisprojectwehavetriedtoshowautomaticcontrolofahouseasaresultofwhichpowerissavedtosomeextent.a)Anautomateddevicecanreplacegoodamountofhumanworkingforce,moreoverhumansaremorepronetoerrorsandinintensiveconditionstheprobabilityoferrorincreaseswhereas,anautomateddevicecanworkwithdiligence,versatilityandwithalmostzeroerror.Replacinghumanoperatorsintasksthatinvolvehardphysicalormonotonouswork.Replacinghumansintasksdoneindangerousenvironments(i.e.fire,space,volcanoes,nuclearfacilities,underwater,etc)Performingtasksthatarebeyondhumancapabilitiesofsize,weight,speed,endurance,etc.Economyimprovement.Automationmayimproveineconomyofenterprises,4societyormostofhumankind.Forexample,whenanenterprisethathasinvestedinautomationtechnologyrecoversitsinvestment,orwhenastateorcountryincreasesitsincomeduetoautomationlikeGermanyorJapaninthe20thCentury.b)Thisiswhythisprojectlooksintoconstructionandimplementationofasysteminvolvinghardwaretocontrolavarietyofelectricalandelectronicssystem.IV.SUPPYUNITA.Transformer:Themainsourceofpower(Fig1)supplyisatransformer.Themaximumoutputpowerofpowersupplyisdependentonmaximumoutputpoweroftransformer.Wedeterminepowerfromitscurrentandvoltagerating.e.g.:ifthereisatransformerof12V,500mAthenmaximumpowerdeliveredbytransformeris6Watt.Itmeanswecandrivealoadfromthistransformerupto6w.Inourprojectourmaximumpowerrequirementis1watt.Sotoprovidethispowerweuse12V/250mAtransformer.Themaximumoutputpowerofthistransformeris4watt.itmeansitcaneasilydriveloadupto4watt.B.RectifierRectifierisacircuitwhichisusedtoconvertactodc.Everyelectroniccircuitrequiresadcpowersupplyforrectification.Wehaveusedfourdiodes.C.Inputfilter:Afterrectificationweobtaindcsupplyfromacbutitisnotpuredcitmayhavesomeacripples.Toreducethe