William-Faulkner-ppt

WilliamFaulknerSept25,1897–July6,1962Childhood•BorninNewAlbany,Mississippiin1897.MovedtoOxford,Mississippi(prototype（原型）ofYoknapatawpha约克纳帕塔法郡,thesettingofmostofhisworks)attheageof5.•Hegrewupastheeldestsonoffourbrothers.•Hehopedtoaspiretobelikehisgreat-grandfather,awriteraswell.“约克纳帕塔法世系”威廉·福克纳一生共写了19部长篇小说与近百篇短篇小说，其中15部长篇与绝大多数短篇的故事都发生在约克纳帕塔法县，称为约克纳帕塔法世系这个“世系”以美国南方几个庄园主世家的荣辱兴衰为主线，表现了一个世纪以来美国南方社会的历史命运、社会变迁以及各阶层人物的起伏沉浮，写出了美国南方地区的典型特征，具有浓厚的乡土气息。约克纳帕塔法是福克纳作品的标志，是文学史上有名的虚构地点之一，原型是他故乡所在的拉斐特郡（Lafayette）。AsaYoungMan•1919,universityofMississippi,afterthreesemestershedroppedout.•Hehadalwaysdreamedofbecomingapilotinthearmyhoweverwasdeclinedbecauseofhisheight.(5’5”)•HelaterbecameamemberoftheRoyalCanadianAirForce.•HeremainedinthisCanadianAirForcethroughWorldWarIbutneversawflyingtimeincombat.Adulthood•FortwentyyearsheworkedinHollywoodwritingseveralscreenplayslikeTodayWeLive(1933)andLandofthePharaos(1955)andproducingmanynovelsandshortstories.•HelaterworkedinHollywoodwithHowardHawks,amoviedirectorwhobecameafriendofhim.FaulknerinHollywood:1930sIntheuniversityofVirginiacampusTheEndofHisLife•FaulknerdiedJuly6th,1962aftersufferingfromacoronaryocclusion(心肌梗塞)•UptohisdeathheworkedasaWriter-In-ResidenceattheUniversityofVirginiain1957.•TheUnitedStatesPostalServiceissuedafirst-class22-centstampcommemoratinghislifeandstintasapostmaster.MajorWorks:Oxford,poems---prose1924TheMirbleFaun《云石牧神》1925,firstnovelSoldier’sPay《军饷》TheSoundandtheFury《喧嚣与骚动》1930AsIlayDying《我弥留之际》1931Sanctuary《圣殿》1932LightinAugust《八月之光》1936Absalom,Absalom!《押沙龙！押沙龙！》1942GoDown,Moses《去吧，摩西》1948:IntruderintheDust《坟墓的闯入者》1946:ThePortableFaulkner《袖珍本福克纳选集》ARoseforEmily《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》TrilogyoftheSnopesfamilyTheHamlet(1940)《村子》TheTown(1957)《小镇》TheMansion(1959)《大宅》ShortStorycollection:TheUnvanquished《没有被征服的人》(1938)Awards1.OneofthreefinalistsforthefirstElleryQueenMysteryMagazineAward(1946).2.NobelPrizeWinner(1949)3.PulitzerWinnertwice:•AFable(1955)•TheReivers(1963)4.NationalBookAwardstwice:•CollectedStories(1951)•AFable(1955)5.O.HenryShortStoryPrize.•WilliamFaulknerwontheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein1949.•Themes:•1Historyandrace•Heexplainsthepresentbyexaminingthepast,bytellingthestoriesofseveralgenerationsoffamilytoshowhowhistorychangeslife.Hewasinterestedintherelationshipbetweenblacksandwhites,especiallyconcernedabouttheproblemsofthepeoplewhowereofthemixedraceofblackandwhite,unacceptabletobothraces.•2Deterioration(堕落）•3Conflictsbetweengenerations,classes,races,manandenvironment•4Horror,violenceandtheabnormalFeaturesofHisWorks•a.complexplot•b.streamofconsciousness•c.characterization:hewasabletoprobeintothepsychologyofcharacters•d.violationofchronology（年表，年代学）•e.courtroomrhetoric:formallanguage•f.multiplenarrationsandtimeshiftswithinnarrative.,circularform•g.longandembeddedsentences,fullofinterruptions，complexsyntax（mostnoticeablefeature）•h.“Anti-hero”:weak,vulnerable（有弱点的）(truepeopleinmodernsociety)Fame:•anAmericannovelistandpoetwhoseworksfeaturehisnativestateofMississippi•regardedasoneofthemostinfluentialwritersofthetwentiethcentury•oneoftheleadingAmericanwritersintheliteraryhistoryoftheUnitedStates.•arepresentativeofthewritersusingstreamofconsciousness“BarnBurning”•ashortstorybytheAmericanauthorWilliamFaulknerwhichfirstappearedinHarper’sin1939andhassincebeenwidelyanthologized.ThestorydealsThestorydealswithclassconflicts,theinfluenceoffathers,andvengeanceasviewedthroughthethird-personperspectiveofayoung,impressionablechild.•Setting:YoknapatawphaCounty,Mississippi,about30yearsaftertheCivilWar(1861-65),thus,inthe1890s.•Characters:•ColonelSartorisSnopes(“Sarty”)-protagonist（主角）•AbnerSnopes–patriarch（家长）oftheSnopesfamily,Antagonist•LennieSnopes–wifeofAbnerandmotherofSarty•Lizzie–unmarriedsisterofLennieSnopes•MajordeSpain-Snopes'semployerPlotsummary:•AbnerSnopes,thefatherofyoung“Sarty”Snopes,isbeingdrivenoutoftownafterburningdownhislandlord‘sbarn.InthecourtcasethatopensthestoryandinwhichSartyisinitiallycalledtotestify,nopalpableproofcanpointtoAbnerastheculprit（罪犯）,buttheSnopesfamilyisorderedtoleavethecountry.TheymovetoanewplacewhereAbneristoworkasasharecropper（佃农）forMajordeSpain,butAbnercannotseemtocontrolhispyromania（纵火癖）andhatredforsociety.•.•Shortlyafterarrivingathisnewposition,AbnervisitsMajordeSpain‘shouseandtrackshorsedroppingsonablondrug.MajordeSpainordersAbnertocleantherug,whichhedoesbyusingaharshlyesoap,ruiningtherugbeyondrepair,beforethrowingtherugontoMajordeSpain’sfrontporch.MajordeSpainlevieson（征税，扣押）Abnerafineof20bushels（英斗）ofcornagainstthepriceoftherug.Atcourt,aJusticeofthePeacereducesthefinetotenbushelsofcorn.Feelingonceagainwronged,AbnermakespreparationstosetfiretoMajordeSpain'sbarn.•SartywarnsMajordeSpainofhisfather'sintentionstoburndownhisbarnandthenfleesinthedirectionofhisfather.HeissoonovertakenbyMajordeSpainonhishorseandjumpsintotheditchtogetoutoftheway.Sartyhearstwogunshots,butwhogetsshotisneverrevealed;thefatherandthebrotherappearinworkssetafterBarnBurning.Profoundlyaffectedbyhisfather'slegacy,theboydoesnotreturntohisfamilybutcontinuesonwithhislifealo