高考短文改错解题技巧

1高中英语短文改错解题策略设错基本原则绝大多数情况下，短文改错题设错为：多一个词(约1题)、少一个词(约1题)、错一个词(约8题)。常见错误类型1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有：①现在时与过去时混用；②and前后动词时态不一致；③主谓不一致；④缺少谓语动词，特别是be动词；⑤第三人称单数形式错用；⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。1)Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudies.2)Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.3)Oneeveningshetoldmethatsomethinghappenedwhenherparentswasout.4)Therewillanimportantgamenextmonth.5)Forthemostpart,studentsworkingtoearnmoneyfortheirownuse.6)ButthemostwonderfulthingaboutJackwerehismusicalability.◆讲练结合时态错误主从句时态的不一致，或某一时态与文章主体时态不一致1.IknewthattheywillbeworriedaboutmebecauseIwassofaraway.2.Yetitseemedwaterisbecominglessandless.3.YoualwaysheldmeinyourarmsandtoldmestoriestillIfallasleep.4.MyfatherandIstayedattheSouthLakeHotelforaweekwhenIvisitBeijinglastmonth.5.Thankyouforallyouhaddoneforme.6.WhenItearapartmyfifthbirthdaytoytrain,myfathersaid,That'sit.Nomoretoysforyou.7.Shesaiditwasthebestgiftshehaseverhad.28.Myteachershavebeentellingmehowgreatmywritingwas.Soifwhattheyhadsaidwastrue,Iwouldhaveachanceofwinningtheprize.9.Webecamefriendsshortlyafterwemeeteachother.10.Atthattime,weoftenspendtimetogether.11.Friendsarethoseyoulikeandtrust,andyouwillenjoyeveryminuteyouspentwiththem.12.Ourfoodarrivedwithanote.Itreads,“Yourlunchhasbeenpaidfor.…”13.OnedayintherestaurantwhereIworked,Iamservingatableoffour.14.Sheknowswhathadhappened,thankedmeandnevermentioneditagain.15.Mysistersawalovelycupwhenweareshoppingtheotherday.主谓不一致1.NowmyfriendAnn,togetherwithme,aregoingtodofieldstudy.2.WhatIlikedbestwerethefreehigh-speedInternetconnectionintheroom.3.Afterhearingyoursadstories,hewillsaysomewordsthatisniceandwarm.4.Whatwerebetter,Ihadusefulhelp.5.Earningtheirownmoneyallowthemtospendonanythingiftheylike.2.名词的常见错误单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。①I’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.②Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome.③Withoutenoughknowledges,youcanneverteachwell.◆讲练结合可数名词单数前未加a/an1.IstillrememberwhenIwaschild,youalwaysheldmeinyourarms.2.ItissuchgreathotelthatIwouldrecommendittoanyfriendsofmine.3.TherewasUncleChen,gentlemanlivingnearmyhouse,whowasveryfamouswriter.4.Besides,afriendisalwaysgoodlistenerwhenyouneedone.5.Ifyou’dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbemorethanhappytobeyourguide.36.MyfriendNicktoldmestoryabouthisexperiencebackinUS.7....andafterthatIwouldgotoXiamenforholiday.8.MybrotherandIthoughtwewouldgiveourselvesatreatatrestaurant.9.InoticedMotherlookingatanearbytableoccupiedbyanelderlywomanandyoungcouple.名词复数误用成单数形式1.Ineededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweek.2.Thefoodwaswonderfulwithreasonablepriceandweenjoyedseverallocaldish.3.Youtoldmethenameofdifferentplantsandtheircharacteristics.4.We,aswellasanimal,cannotlivewithoutwater.5.Idestroyedeachofmytoy.6.Mom,IknowIhaveneverexpressedmythanktoyoubefore.7.Christiewasoneofmybestfriendathighschool.8.Icameacrossacrewmakinganewfilmwithoneofmyfavouriteactor.9.LiMing’sparentsinvitedmetospendtwowonderfulweekinQingdao.10.Theytakehimlotsofbookandfreshfruit.11.TherearetwogirlsherefrommycourseandIplantomakefriendwiththem.12.AlthoughherEnglishisalittlehardtounderstand,weenjoychattingandweusuallytalkalotaboutourownfamily.不可数名词误用成复数形式1.Heagreedtoreadmystoryandgivemesomeadvicesonhowtowritelikearealwriter.2.Itfeltverystrangetotravelwithoutanyluggages.3.Whilewaitingforourfood,weemptiedalloursmallchangesfromourwalletsonthetableandcounteditout.4.Tomwashavingmuchtroublesgettingupinthemorningandwasalwayslateforwork.3.连词错误连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but/so/for/nor等(一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether)4①Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.②Iteachthem,playwiththem,butwatchthemgrowingup.③Cleverassheis,butsheworksveryhard.◆讲练结合从属连词逻辑关系错误1.IhavebeenmissingyouverymuchafterIwenttocollegeayearago.2.Ithink,weshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsavewater.3.WheneverIam,Iwillalwaysloveyou.4.It'sbeenaweekafterweleftyourfamilyandwearenowbackhome.5.Butthenaweekafterthetrip,shesuddenlyannouncedthattheywouldn’ttaketheholiday.并列连词and/but/or/so/for等逻辑关系颠倒1.Icalledmyparents,soIdidnottellthemwhathadhappened.2.Itisinthedowntownareas,butitiseasytogotoanywherefromthehotelbypublictransport.3.Hisbosswantedtofirehimifhedidn’tstartcomingontime,buthewenttothedoctorforahelp.4.Ididn’thavemycamerawithmeatthat,butIrushedbackhometogetit.5.LastyearIwasill,buthadtostayinhospitalforaweek.4.冠词错误误用或漏用a和an；误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多余的冠词或少冠词)①Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.②Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofpants.④Ihopeyouhavepleasantjourney.5.形容词和副词错误1)系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官系动词smell/feel)2)词性的误用：形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词。①I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.5②Mypronunciationwasterribly.◆讲练结合形容词和副词用法错位形容词误作状语；副词误作定语、表语或宾补1.Unfortunate,Ihadanaccidentandhitanothercar,andIneededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweeks.2.Welivedinacomfortablydoubleroomwithabigbath.3.WheneverIthinkoftheolddays,Ifeelveryhappily.4.Still,yourhappinessmakeshimhappilytoo.5.LiMingandIlovedwalkingalongthewonderfullybeach.6.Everyoneelseseemsveryniceandwarmlyhere.7