Linux下的高可用负载均衡服务器集群

泰山学院本科毕业论文Linux下的高可用负载均衡服务器集群所在学院信息科学技术学院专业名称计算机科学与技术申请学士学位所属学科工学年级二〇一〇级学生姓名、学号韩德田2010070138指导教师姓名、职称张岩讲师完成日期2014年5月摘要I摘要随着互联网技术的不断发展与普及，人们对网络的需求正在不断的增强，甚至已经达到了生活中离不开网络的地步。在飞速发展的互联网时代，企业的单服务器模式已不能承受大并发的数据访问，负载均衡服务器集群应运而生。然而，企业的很多服务需要24小时不间断的运行，任何服务的失效都可能造成灾难性的后果，因此，搭建高可用服务器集群已成为企业的重中之重。本设计在充分考虑企业服务的基础之上，论述了如何在Linux下搭建一个高可用负载均衡的企业服务器集群环境。设计中企业的web服务器是采用的LAMP环境，Keepalived和LVS可以实现企业的高可用负载均衡web服务器集群，由于企业的数据存放在数据库中，为了减少单点故障造成数据库数据的损坏，利用MySQL双主机实现数据库的自动备份，通过MySQL-HA集群在数据库出现单点故障的情况下实现数据库的自动跳转。web服务器需要进行域名解析，设计中还搭建了DNS服务器。关键词：高可用；负载均衡；集群；keepalived；LAMP；DNSABSTRACTIIABSTRACTWiththecontinuousdevelopmentofInternettechnologyandpopularization,peopledemandfornetworkisconstantlyenhanced,evenhasreachedthepointoflifeisdependentonthenetwork.IntheeraofrapiddevelopmentofInternet,theenterpriseofthesingleservermodehasbeenunabletobearlargeconcurrentdataaccess,loadbalancingserverclusterarisesatthehistoricmoment.However,manyserviceenterprisesneedtorun24hoursaday,anyservicefailuremaycausedisastrousconsequences,asaresult,buildahighavailabilityserverclusterhasbecomethekeyoftheenterprise.Thisdesignonthebasisoffullyconsideringtheenterpriseservice,itisdiscussedhowtobuildahighavailabilityunderLinuxloadbalancingserverclusterenvironmentofenterprises.EnterprisewebserverisusedinthedesignofLAMPenvironment,KeepalivedandLVScanrealizetheloadbalancingwebserverhighavailabilityclusterofenterprises,asaresultoftheenterprisedatastoredinthedatabase,inordertoreducethesinglepointoffailurecausesthedamageofdatabasedata,usingMySQLhostsrealizetheautomaticbackupofthedatabase,throughtheMySQL-HAclusterundertheconditionofasinglepointoffailureoccursinthedatabasetorealizethedatabaseautomaticallyjump.Inthedesignofwebserverdomainnameresolutionisrequired,alsosettheDNSserver.Keywords:Highavailability;loadbalancing;cluster;keepalived;LAMP;DNS目录III目录1引言................................................................................................................................................11.1选题的背景和意义.................................................................................................................11.2国内外的研究现状.................................................................................................................12集群技术..........................................................................................................................................22.1集群的定义............................................................................................................................22.2集群的分类............................................................................................................................22.3集群的优点............................................................................................................................33负载均衡（LoadBalancing）集群...............................................................................................33.1负载均衡集群.........................................................................................................................33.2LB集群的工作过程................................................................................................................44高可用（HighAvaliablity）集群...............................................................................................44.1高可用集群............................................................................................................................44.2HA集群的工作过程................................................................................................................55服务器系统......................................................................................................................................55.1RHEL系统简介........................................................................................................................55.2RHEL6.4安装..........................................................................................................................66服务器集群......................................................................................................................................96.1服务器集群拓扑及规划.........................................................................................................96.2DNS服务器...........................................................................................................................106.2.1主DNS服务器搭建.......................................................................................................106.2.2从DNS服务器搭建.......................................................................................................116.3LAMP服务器..........................................................................................................................116.3.1Apache简介..................................................................................................................116.3.2PHP简介.......................................................................................................................126.3.3MySQL简介............................................