必修4unit2单词讲解

1Unit2WorkingthelandVocabularies●重点单词1．strugglevt.&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力2．outputn．产量；输出3．hungern．饥饿；欲望→hungryadj.饥饿的；有欲望的4．expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述→expansionn．扩大；增加5．circulatevt.&vi.循环；流传→circulationn．循环流通6．battlen．战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt.&vi.搏斗；奋斗7．thereforeadv.因此；所以；因而8．equipvt.&vi.配备；装备→equipmentn．设备(不可数)9．exportvt.&vi.输出；出口→importvt.&vi.输入；入口；进口10．nationalityn．国籍→nationn．国家；民族→nationaladj.国家的；国有的共96页51.strugglevi.搏斗,挣扎,努力,拼搏Theywerestrugglingtogetouttheburningcar.他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。Shestruggledupthestairswithherheavybags.她提着沉重的行李艰难地走上楼梯。[搭配]struggleagainst与……斗争，为反对……而斗争，strugglefor为争取……而斗争6我们必须努力为过上幸福生活而奋斗。Wemuststruggleforahappylife.这位老人一直与病魔斗争。Theoldmanhasstruggledwith/againstillness.struggletodosth挣扎着做某事strugglefor为……奋斗/斗争strugglewith/against与……斗争、克服7根据提示完成句子。1)我们三个人努力把汤姆从轮椅抬上了车。Thethreeofus__________________Tomoutofhiswheelchairintothecar.2)她一生都在为争取国家的独立而战。She____________theindependenceofhercountryallherlife.3)我们必须努力克服这种偏见。Wemust_______________thisprejudice.4)我们必须与各种困难作斗争。Wehaveto___________allkindsofdifficulties.struggledtolift/getstruggledforstruggleagainst即学即练strugglewith2.expandvt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expansionn.扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展expansiveadj.扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的Weshouldconstantlybroadenourviewsandexpandourknowledge.我们要不断地开拓自己的眼界、增长见识。[即学即练2](1)Metals________whentheyareheated.金属受热会膨胀。(2)We've__________________________byopeningtwomorestores.我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。(3)Irepeatedthequestionandwaitedforherto_________.我把问题重复了一遍，等着她进行充分阐述。expandexpandedthebusinessexpand3.thanksto由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)becauseof因为；由于owingto由于，因……之缘故asaresultof作为……的结果，由于dueto因为，由于(不能放在句首)onaccountof由于；因为[即学即练9](1)_______________Jim'swarning,weavoidedtheaccident.多亏吉姆的提醒，我们避免了一场事故。(2)Icouldn'tattendthemeeting____________illness.我因病不能出席会议。(3)Thedelaywas____________powerfailure.延滞是由于停电。Thankstoowingtodueto用thanksto，dueto，owingto，becauseof填空(1)Theaccidentwascarelessdriving.(2)hiscarelessness，Tomfailedintheexam.(3)histiredness，hedoesnotwanttogowithus.(4)Everyoneknowsaboutitnow，you!(5)youradvice，muchtroublewassaved.duetoOwingtoBecauseofthankstoThanksto4.ridsb./oneself/sth.ofsth.使……摆脱……be/getridof去掉，摆脱；抛弃remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事befreeof...摆脱……[即学即练10](1)Onedaywewillmanageto________________________thisterribledisease.总有一天我们有办法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。(2)Youmust_____________________theseold－fashionedideas.你必须摒弃这些陈旧观念。(3)We‘llhaveto__________________him.我们必须摆脱他。(4)Howcanwe__________________allthefliesinthekitchen?我们怎样才能把厨房内的苍蝇统统消灭掉？ridtheworldofridyourselfofgetridofgetridof156.Andhewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.wouldrather宁愿，宁可He’dratherworkinthecountryside.[用法1]：wouldrather…than…宁愿…而不…，与其…不如…IwouldratherwatchTVathomethangotothecinema.16[用法2]：would…ratherthan…=wouldrather…than…Facingtheenemies,oursoldierswoulddieratherthangivein.面对敌人,我们的战士宁死不屈。Ratherthanrefusetohelpyou,Iwouldborrowmoneyfrommyfriends.我宁可向朋友借钱,也不愿拒绝帮助你。共96页17[即学即练]翻译下列句子。1.她宁愿死也不愿意演讲。2.我宁愿你现在回家。3.我宁愿你昨天没做那件事情。Shewouldratherdiethangiveaspeech.Iwouldrather(that)youwenthomenow.Iwouldrather(that)youhadn’tdonethatthingyesterday.18用所给动词的适当形式填空。1)Wewouldrather_____(go)onwiththeexperimentthan________(give)itup.2)Iwouldratherhe_____(stay)inEnglandnow.虚拟语气3)Heissosad.IwouldratherI_________(nottell)himthenews.虚拟语气gogivestayedhaven'ttold即学即练共96页19[考例]Toenjoythescenery,Irenewouldratherspendlonghoursonthetrain___travelbyair.(2004全国卷III)A.asB.toC.thanD.while[点拨]选C。考查句式wouldratherdo...thando...,意为“宁愿做(前者),而不愿做(后者)”。题意为“为欣赏风景,Irene宁愿花很长的时间坐火车而不愿乘飞机”。thereforeadv.(＝asaresultofthat)因此；所以[即学即练3]Hewasverytiredand__________hefellsoundasleep.＝Hewasverytired.__________hefellsoundasleep.＝Hewasverytired,______hefellsoundasleep.他累得很，因此睡得很熟。thereforeThereforeso提示：therefore是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而so是连词，可接从句。4．equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipmentn.[U]装备；设备equipsb./sth.withsth.用某物装备某人/物beequippedwithsth.装备有某物equipsb./sth.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事而准备beequipedfor(doing)sthequipsb.todosth.使某人能够做某事sb.beequippedtodosth.某人有准备做某事apieceofequipment一件设备[即学即练4](1)Ourclassroom____________________aTVsetandataperecorder.我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。(2)Agoodeducationshould________________________.良好的教育能使你受用终生。(3)Ourschoolhasbeengiven______________________.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。isequippedwithequipyouforlifesomenewequipmentregretv．可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；n.遗憾，抱歉(1)regrethavingdonedoingsth.后悔做了某事regrettosay/tell/inform...that遗憾地说告知……regretthat从句遗憾……Itistoberegrettedthat...可惜的是……，令人遗憾的是……(2)withgreat/deepregret很遗憾toone’sregret让某人感到遗憾的是[即学即练5](1)Heregretted_______________careless.＝Heregretted________________________careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)Iregret____________youthatweareunabletoofferyouemployment.我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。(3)________________________，Imustleavenow.令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。(4)Weheard____________thatyouwerenotsuccessfulinyourplan.听到你的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。havingbeenthathehadbeentoinformMuchtomyregretwithregret—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted________hisadvice!A．totakeB．takingC．nottotakeD．nottaking解析：regret(not)doing/havingdonesth.表示“后悔(没)做(了)某事”。答案：D—MrBlack，whataboutmyapplication?—Oh，Iregret________youthatithasn’tbeensuccessful.A．tellingB．totellC．having