常用有机基团英文简写

常见英汉对照有机基名表acetamidoCH3CONH─乙酰氨基acetenyl=ethynylCH≡C─乙炔基acetoacetylCH3COCH2CO─乙酰乙酰基；3—氧丁酰基acetonylCH3COCH2─丙酮基；乙酰甲基acetonylideneCH3COCH=亚丙酮基acetoxyCH3COO─乙酸基；乙酰氧基acetylCH3CO─乙酰（基）acetylene①CH≡CH乙炔②=CHCH=双亚乙基acryloylCH2=CHCO─丙烯酰alkoxyRO─（R=烷基或烃基）烷氧基allylCH2=CHCH2─烯丙基β−;allyl=isopropenylCH2=C(CH3)─β−;烯丙基；异丙烯基allylideneCH2=CHCH=亚烯丙基allyloxyCH2=CHCH2O─烯丙氧基amidoH2N─[严格说来此项英文名只能用来表示酰基上的氨基，但是英文常与amino混用]氨基aminoH2N─氨基amyl=pentylCH3(CH2)4─戊基tert-amyl=1,1−;dimethylpropylCH3CH3C(CH3)2─特戊基azidoN3─叠氮基azo─N=N─偶氮基azoxy─N(O)N─氧化偶氮基benzal=benzylidene苯亚甲基benzamidoC6H5CONH─苯甲酰氨基benzenesulfinyl（参阅phenyleulfinyl）C6H5SO─苯亚磺酰benzenesulfonamidoC6H5SO2NH─苯磺酰氨基benzenesulfonylC6H5SO2─苯磺酰benzhydryl=diphenylmethylene二苯甲基benzhydrylidene=diphenylmethylene二苯亚甲基benzofuryl=benzofuranyl苯并呋喃基；氧茚基benzoxy=benzoyloxy苯甲酸基；苯甲酰氧基benzoylC6H5CO─苯甲酰benzoylene─C6H5CO─（o、m或p）亚苯甲酰基（邻、间或对）benzoyloxyC6H5COO─苯甲酸基；苯甲酰氧基benzylC6H5CH2─苄基；苯甲基benzylideneC6H5CH=苯亚甲基benzylidyneC6H5C≡次苄基benzyloxyC6H5CH2O─苄氧基benzylthioC6H5CH2S─苄硫基；苯甲硫基biphenylene─C6H4C6H4─亚联苯基biphenylenebisazo─N=NC6H4C6H4N=N─联苯重氮亚基biphenylylcarbonylC6H5C6H4CO─联苯羰基biphenylyloxyC6H5C6H4O─联苯氧基bromoBr─溴butadienylCH2=CHCH=CH─丁间二烯基；1，3─丁二烯基1─butenylCH3CH2CH=CH─丁烯基；1─丁烯基2─butenylCH3CH=CHCH2─丁邻烯基；2─丁烯基3─butenylCH2=CH(CH2)2─丁间烯基；3─丁烯基2─butenylene─CH2CH=CHCH2─1，4─亚丁─2─烯基butenylideneCH3CH=CHCH=亚丁─2─烯基butenylidyneCH3CH=CHC≡次丁─2─烯基butoxyCH3(CH2)2CH2O─丁氧基sec-butoxyC2H5CH(CH3)O─仲丁氧基tert-butoxy(CH3)3CH2O─叔丁氧基butylCH3(CH2)2CH2─丁基sec-butylC2H5CH(CH3)─仲丁基tert-butyl(CH3)3C─叔丁基butyrylCH3CH2CH2CO─丁酰caproyl=hexanoyl己酰capryl=decanoyl癸酰capryloyl=octanoyl辛酰carbamyl=carbamoylH2NCO─氨（基）甲酰carbomethoxy=methoxycarbonyl甲酯基；甲氧羰基carbonylOC=羰基；碳酰carboxyHOOC─羧基chloroCl─氯代；氯基chloroformylClCO─氯甲酰；氯羰基cinnamenyl=styryl苯乙烯基cinnamylC6H5CH=CHCH2─肉桂基cresoxy=tolyloxy甲苯氧基（邻、间或对）cresyl=ar-hydroxytoly或指tolyl甲苯基（邻、间或对）crotonyl=crotonoyl巴豆酰基cyanoN≡C─氰基cyclobutylC4H7─环丁基cycloheptylC7H13─环庚基2,4─cyclohexadienylCH2CH=CHCH=CHCH─2，4-环己二烯基cyclohexenylC6H9─（3种异构物）环己（邻、间、对）烯基cyclohexylC6H11─环己基cyclopentadienylC5H5─环戊二烯基cyclopentenylC5H7─环戊烯基cyclopentylC5H9─环戊基cyclopropylC3H5─环丙基cystyl─COCH(NH2)CH2SSCH2CH(NH2)CO─胱氨基decanoylCH3(CH2)8CO─癸酰decylCH3(CH2)8CH2─癸基diazo─N=N─或N=N=重氮基diazoamino─N=NNH─重氮亚氨基diazonium(N≡N)─重氮（化）dimethylamino(CH3)2N─二甲氨基diphenylmethyl(C6H5)2CH─二苯甲基dithio─SS─二硫代dodecyl─CH3(CH2)10CH2─十二（烷）基dotriacontylCH3(CH2)30CH2─三十二（烷）基cicosylCH3(CH2)18CH2─二十烷基epithio─S─环硫；表硫；桥硫基[联在已与其它原子依别种方法相联结的两个原子上]epoxy─O─环氧；表氧；桥氧基[联在已与其它原子依别种方法相联结的两个原子上]ethene=ethylene①乙烯②1，2-亚乙基ethenyl=ethylidyne或vinyl乙烯基ethoxyC2H5O─乙氧基ethoxycarbonylC2H5OOC─乙酯基；乙氧羰基ethoxyphenyl(C2H5O)C6H4─乙氧苯基ethylCH3CH2─乙基ethylaminoC2H5NH─乙胺基ethylene─CH2CH2─①乙烯②1，2-乙基ethylenedioxy─OCH2CH2O─亚乙二氧基ethylideneCH3CH=亚乙基ethylidyneCH3C≡次乙基ethylthioCH3CH2S─乙硫基ethynylCH≡C─乙炔基fluotoF─氟代formamidoOHCNH─甲酰胺基formylOHC─甲酰fomryloxyHCOO─甲酸基；甲酰氧基fumaryl─COCH=CHCO─富马酰；（反式）丁二烯酰furylOC4H3─呋喃基[两种异构物]geranylC10H17─牦牛儿基glucosvlC6H11O5─葡（萄）糖基glyceryl─CH2CHCH2─甘油基；丙三基glyoxylyl=glyoxyloyl乙醛酰hendecyl=undecyl十一（烷）基heneicosylCH3(CH2)19CH2─二十一（烷）基hentriacontylCH3(CH2)29CH2─三十一（烷）基heptacosylCH3(CH2)25CH2─二十七（烷）基heptadecanoylCH3(CH2)15CO─十七（烷）酰heptadecylCH3(CH2)15CH2─十七（烷）基heptanoylCH3(CH2)5CO2─庚酰heptylCH3(CH2)5CH2─庚基hexacontylCH3(CH2)58CH2─六十（烷）基hexacosylCH3(CH2)24CH2─二十六（烷）基hexadecanoylCH3(CH2)14CO─十六（烷）酰hexadecylCH3(CH2)14CH2─十六（烷）基hexamethylene─CH2(CH2)4CH2─六亚甲基；1.6-亚己基hexanoylCH3(CH2)4CO─己酰hexylCH3(CH2)4CH2─己基hexylideneCH3(CH2)5CH=亚己基histidylN2C3H3CH2CH(NH2)CO─组氨酰hydrazinoH2NNH─肼基；联氨基hydrazo─NHNH─1，2-亚肼基hydrazonoH2NN=亚肼基；亚联氨基hydroxamino=hydroxyamino羟氨基hydroximino=hydroxyimino肟基hydroxyHO─羟基hydroxyaminoHONH─羟氨基hydroxymethylHOCH2─羟甲基-idene亚[加于任何一个基名之前，表示在联结处为双键]iodoI─碘代isoamyl=isopentyl异戊基isobutenyl=2-methylpropenyl异丁烯基；2-甲基丙烯基isobutoxy(CH3)2CHCH2O─异丁氧基原名作取代基作官能团烷烃：hydrocarbonalkyl烯烃：alkenesalkenyl炔烃：alkynesalkynyl卤代烃：alkylhalides氟：fluorinefluoro氯：chlorinechloro溴：brominebromo碘：iodineiodo酚：pehnolshydroxy-ol醇：alcoholshydroxy-ol醚：ethersR-oxy-ether胺：aminesamino-amine醛：aldehydesR-oxycarbonyl-al/-carbaldenhyde酮：ketonesR-oxycarbonyl-one羟酸：carboxylicacidcarboxy-carboxylicacacid(含碳)-oicacid(不含碳)酰卤：actylhalideshalocarbonyl-harboxylhalide(含碳)-oylhalide(不含碳)酸酐：acidanhydrogrides酯：estersR-oxycarbonyl-caronylate(含碳)-oate(不含碳)腈：nitrilescyano-carboxamide(含碳)-mitrile(不含碳)酰胺：amidescarbamoyl-carboxamide(含碳)-amide(不含碳)硝基：nitro烷烯炔甲：methanemethenemethyne乙：ethaneetheneethyne丙：propanepropenepropyne丁：butanebutenebutyne戊：pentanepentenepentyne己：hexanehexenehexyne庚：heptanehepteneheptyne辛：octaneocteneoctyne壬：nonanenonenenonyne癸：decanedecenedecyne作取代基时：词尾改为-yl.连苯：biphenyl萘：naphthalene联萘：binaphthalene蒽：anthrancene菲：phenanthrene芘：pyrene甲苯：toluene二甲苯：邻：O-xylene间：m-xylene对：p-xylene苯乙烯：styrene苯胺：aniline苯酚：phenol苯甲醛：benzaldehyde苯磺酸：benzenesulfonicacid苯甲酸：benzoicacid呋喃：furan噻吩：thiophene吡唑：pyrazole咪唑：midazole噁唑：oxazole吡啶：pyridine哒嗪：pyrimidine吡嗪：pyrazine吡喃：pyran吲哚：indole喹啉：quinoline有机物英文前后缀-acetal醛缩醇acetal-乙酰acid酸-al醛alcohol醇-aldehyde醛alkali-碱allyl丙烯基alkoxy-烷氧基-amide酰胺amino-氨基的-amidine脒-amine胺-ane烷anhydride酐anilino-苯胺基aquo-含水的-ase酶-ate含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne三炔azo-偶氮benzene苯b