八年级下Unit7单元知识点归纳

Unit7what’sthehighestmountainintheworld?SectionA一、重点词组、短语1.9,600,000squarekilometersinsize9,600,000平方公里2.1,025metersdeep1,025米深3.6,671kilometerslong6,671千米长4.8,844,43metershigh8,844,43米高5.hasthebiggestpopulation人口最多6.asfaras与……一样远7.oneoftheoldestcountries最古老的国家之一8.feelfreetodosth.随意地做某事9.anythingontoday’sGreatWalltour关于今天长城之行的任何情况10.ancientemperors古代的皇帝11.buildthewall修墙12.protectChina保卫中国13.asyoucansee如你所见14.asfarasIknow据我所知15.asfarasIcanremember/see据我所记得/依我所见16.man-madeobjects人造物体17.Paragraph1段落118.thesouthwesternpartofChina中国的西南部分19.thickclouds厚厚的云层20.fallveryhard下得很大21.freezingweatherconditions冻冰的天气条件22.partof.........的组成部分23.thehighestmountain最高的山脉24.intheworld在世界上25.anyothermountain其他任何一座山26.ofallthesaltlakes在所有的咸水湖中27.runalong跨越……28.takeinair呼吸空气29.coverthetop覆盖住顶部30.getnearthetop靠近顶部31.reachthetop到达顶部32.risktheirlives冒着他们的生命危险33.thefirstwomantosucceed.第一个做某事的人34.inthefaceofdifficulties面临危险35.giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事36.achieveone’sdream=one’sdreamcometrue实现某人的梦想37.thespiritoftheclimber攀登者的精神38.seriousmountainclimbers认真的登山者39.reachthetop到达顶峰40.eventhough=evenif虽然;尽管二．重点单词1.populationn.人口（1）问人口和叙述人口What’sthepopulationof…?It’s…/Thepopulationof国家/城市is…What’sthepopulationofSingapore?ThepopulationofSingaporeis4,000,000.（2）人口的比较：ThepopulationofChinaislarger/biggerthanthatofJapan.=ThepopulationofJapanissmallerthanthatofChina.=ChinahasthelargerpopulationthanJapan.2.protectvt.保护，防护protectsb./sth.from保护某人/某物使其不受….Wearingdarkglassescanprotectyoureyesfromthesun.戴墨镜能避免你的眼睛受到太阳光的伤害。3.befamousfor因…而著名指由于某个与众不同的特征而出名Hangzhouisfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.杭州以它美丽的风景而著名。befamousas作为…而著名指作为某种身份而为众人所知SunYangisfamousasaswimmer.孙杨作为一名游泳运动员而出名。4.includev.包含；包括Thepriceincludesbothyourshirtandyourtrousers.这个价格包含了你的衬衫和裤子。includingprep.包括ManymiddleschoolstudentslikereadingHarryPotter,includingme.许多中学生喜欢读«哈利.波特»，包括我在内。5.succeedv.成功（1）succeed(in)doingsth.成功做成某事Hedidn’tsucceedinpassingthetest.（2）n.successConfidenceisthekeytosuccess.信心是成功的关键。(3)adj.successfulEveryonewantstobesuccessful.每个人都想成功。6.theforcesofnature自然界的力量译为“影响力”，是可数名词。一般来说，force是不可数名词“力气；力量”forcev.“强迫”forcesb.todosth.强迫某人做某事Don’tforcethekidtowhathedislikes.nature不可数名词，“自然界；大自然”bynature生性；生来就Heisstrongbynature.他本性刚强。naturaladj.自然的三、重点句型1.Itis-\~adj.+(forsb.)todosth.Itisalsoveryhardtotakeinairasyougetnearthetop.当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。2....isbecause...Oneofthemainreasonsisbecausepeoplewanttochallengethemselvesinthefaceofdifficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。3....show(s)that...Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoachieveourdreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。4.（1）Howhigh/deep/long/wide/tall/...+is+主语?（2）It’s+数量+high/deep/long/wide/tall.Qomolangmais8,844,43metershigh.HowhighisQomolangma?珠穆朗玛峰有多高？HowbigistheSahara?-It’sabout8,000,000squarekilometersinsize.(3)数词-名词-形容词作定语Thisroomis8meterswide.=thisisan8-meter-wideroom.5.Although.…AlthoughJapanisolderthanCanada，itismuchsmaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。三．语法句型原级：A=B.用“A+谓语+as+原级+as+B”A〈B.用“A+谓语+notas(so)+原级+as+B”比较级：A+谓语+形副比较级+than+B.最高级：主语+谓语+the+形副最高级+比较范围（of+人物，in+地方）形容词和副词比较级和最高级一形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则：1一般情况加-er,-esttall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest2以不发音e结尾的单音节词加-r，-stlarge→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicest3在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母再加-er,-estbig→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottest4以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i再加-er,-esteasy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviest5其他双音节词（副词）和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加mostbeautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautifuldifferent→moredifferent→mostdifferenteasily→moreeasily→mosteasilyfriendly—morefriendly;common—morecommon;helpful—morehelpful，morecareful,morenervous,morerelaxed,morenormal，modern-moremodernunhappy—moreunhappy,lucky-luckierunlucky—moreunlucky注：最高级前要加the,不加表示“非常”，amostimportantmeeting副词的比较级和最高级1．大多数以ly结尾的副词前加more和most来构成比较级和最高级。2．少数单音节副词，加er,est构成其比较级和最高级。几个特殊的形容词和副词原级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbestbad,ill,badlyworseworstmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther距离,further程度farthest,further(提高进一步)oldOlder时间,elder顺序oldest,eldest二、形容词、副词的比较级的用法名称结构可放在前的修饰词例句一、原级的用法1“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”almost,nearly,just,exactly,quite,rather,very,half,twice,threetimes,athird,so，tooTomisasoldasKate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。TomistwiceasoldasKate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。2“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”TomrunsasfastasMike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。TomrunstwiceasfastasMike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。3“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.这个房间不如那个大。4甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…Hedoesn’twalkasslowlyasyou.他走路不像你那样慢。名称结构可放在前的修饰词例句二、比较级的用法1甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”alot,much,abit,even,alittle,far,LessonOneisTomistallerthanKate.汤姆比凯特高。Thisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.这个房间比那个大三倍。2“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。Herunsthreetimesfasterthanhisbrother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。3“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.=TheYangtzeSectionB一、重点词组、短语1.10kilosoffood10公斤的食物2.weighmanytimesmore重许多倍3.weighmuchmore/less重得多得多/少得多4.eatmuchmore/less吃得多得多/少得多5.standontwolegs两条腿站立6.150cmtall150厘米高7.li