to-do-的被动语态

一、复习各种时态的被动语态（以thebook,publish为例）一般现在/过去时：Thebook____________________.一般/过去将来时:Thebook_________________________.Thebook__________________________.现在/过去进行时：Thebook__________________________.现在/过去完成时:Thebook___________________________.情态动词：Thebook_____________________________.is/waspublishedwill/wouldbepublishedis/wasgoingtobepublishedis/wasbeingpublishedhas/hadbeenpublishedcan/could/may/might…bepublished1.Anewlibrary_________(build)lastyear.2.Anaccident_________(happen)onthisroadlastweek.3.AtalkonChinesehistory_________(give)intheschoolnextweek.4.Look!Anicepicture_______(draw)byhim.5.Thedoctor____________(notsend)toourhospitalyet.6.TheGreatWall_________(know)allovertheworld.7.Theschoolbagcan_______(put)behindthechair.wasbuilthappenedwillbegivenisbeingdrawnhasn’tbeensentisknownbeput1.动词不定式的被动有两种形式：1）一般式（not/never）tobedone2）完成式（not/never）tohavebeendone二、动词不定式的被动2.动词不定式的被动在句子中的作用1)作主语___________(offer)sympathybyarobotisridiculous.2)作表语Thepartyis_________(hold)nextSaturdayevening.=Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby….Tobeofferedtobeheld3)作宾语Shedidn’tlike___________(treat)asachild.4)作宾补Tonyexpectedthehouse_________(transform)completely.tobetreatedtobetransformed5)作定语Whatavictory___________(envy)bythosewomen!6)作状语Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_________(tell)thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.tobeenviedtobetold不定式的主动形式表示被动1．在therebe结构中例如：Thereisalotofhomework_______（do）．Thereisnothing______________（worryabout）．todotoworryabout2．在“主语+be+adj.(评价类)+todo”结构中。Heishard__________（convince）．Heisdifficult___________（workwith）.toconvincetoworkwith这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。这题目很难算出来。Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin.Thequestionisdifficulttoworkout.3.在“too…to;enoughto…”结构中主动表被动。too…to也可用被动如：Theproblemistoodifficult__________(workout)．Thehouseisbigenough__________(livein).toworkouttobeworkedouttolivein4．在“with+宾语+todo”结构中。例如：Withnothing_______(do)，helayinbed．Withsomanyexercises________(finish)，Ican’tgotothecinema．todotofinish5．当不定式作后置定语,且它的逻辑主语在句中出现时,不定式主动表被动。例如：Ihavealetter_________(type)today．Doyouhaveanything_________(say)?totypetosay1)I’llgotoNewYork.Doyouhaveanything____________(take)toyourwifethere?2)Doyouhaveanyclothes___________(wash),sir?”askedthemaid.3)IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes___________(wash).tobetakentobewashedtowash6.Toblame/tolet/torent等结构用主动表被动。如：Iamnot________(blame)formyfailure.Thehouseis________(let).toblametolet1.有些不及物动词或短语,如exist,appear,happen,occur,cometrue,takeplace,breakout,runout,等常以主动形式表被动意义。我的钱用完了。我实现了梦想。（cometrue）Mymoneyhasrunout.Mydreamhascometrue.2.感官动词和一些连系动词如feel,look,seem,taste,sound,remain,keep,stay,prove等常以主动形式表示被动意义。Thewater_______(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepool.Theice-cream_______(taste)delicious.felttastes3.表示主语特征或属性的词，如write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook等，以主动形式表被动意义。e.g.Thecoat_______(wash)easily.Thenewproduct________(sell)well.Thepen________(write)smoothly.washessellswrites1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto____________(repair).2.Iknewhim___________________(catch)bythepolice.3.Avoteisrequired______________(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Thismakesitpossibleforthem________(make)metalsintoanyrequiredshapes.5.Dickspedonthemotorwayonly____________(fine).6.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved______________(steal)it.berepairedtohavebeencaughttobetakentomaketohavestolentobefined练习7.Ihope_______________(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto____________________(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_________________(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Itisaneasysentence______________(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_____________.(read)12.Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_____________(receive)intimeforChristmas.13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter______________(notdrive)afterdrinking.totranslatetobewelcomedhavebeentranslatedtobeadmittedbereadingtobereceivednottodrive14.Hearingthegoodnews,hewastooexcited____________(speak).15.Ithappened______________(rain)whenIgotthere.16.Iamterriblysorry___________(lose)yourkey.17.Iamsorry__________(say)thatheisgoingfrombadtoworse.18.Heasked______________(send)totheplacewherehewasmostneeded.19.Whathehopedwas______________(admit)intotheuniversity20.Hegottothestationonly________(find)alltheticketshadbeensoldout.21.Iamsorry________________(keep)youwaitingsolong.tospeaktoberainingtohavelosttosaytobesenttobeadmittedtofindtohavekept22.Ontheirreturnthefatheraskedhisson_________(explain)whathehadlearnt.23.Myadvisorencouragedme_________(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.24.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen______________(hear),butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.25.Thefluisbelieved_____________(cause)byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.26.Heseems____________________（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.27.__________(save)thebadlysicklady,thedoctorhadanoperationonher.28.Hewastoofrightened_____(say)anything.toexplaintotaketohaveheardtobecausedtohavebeenpunishedTosavetosay29.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom_________________(clean).30.Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot____________(worry)about.31.Iamgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhavea