美国国防工业发展历程和特点

(,210039):CSBA(),1945,:19451960;19601990;19902007,,,:;;:F471:2010204219119451960,,,1951353195363419481960,,,,,,()C3(),,,,,:,10%195810%,,2050,19521960,GDP9.3%13.2%1960,58%,,,:1.1,67%,2547%,,19581960,74%,2555%1959,14060%,2082%,1081.22050,,,R&D,1956,R&D()19%,R&D3%,,R&D,R&D1.32050,,,,,,2050636520105InformatizationResearchVol.36No.5May20101.41945196012,3.2,1.36;()0.821957,111.5,,,,,,,1.6,,,,,,,21961199019611990,,,19451960,1990,,,GPS(),,,,,,,,,,:;;;,WWMCCS(),,,;;E23E22;,,;,,:2.1,19611990,RDT&E(),(19611968)PPBS(),,,,,,,,,2.2,206070,,,,2070,,,FMS()19701975,FMS15120705FMS90130197025FMS4%,19767365:20%2.32080,1985200,1985,1998,,23;,,,,,,;,,,2.4,2080,,,,Pratt&Whitney,,,,;,;,IBM,5%,,1988,EatonSperryICIndustriesGoodyearGould,,2.5,,,,,19851988,6010,3199120072090,,,,,,,,,,,,,,19911998,,,,,,1993,,,,,,,,19912007,,,:a);b)C4();c);d);e);f);g);h);i);j),820105,,,,,DII()GCCS()DISN(),GIG()GCCSJC2()21,,GIGC2;BMD()SBIRS(),,,C2,:3.1,,,,,RDT&E,RDT&ERDT&E1/31/21992,11,7,-,3.2,,:,,,,,,,,60405050,,IBMTRP()19931112;72610%20%,35;DARPA()ARPA(),,,,ARPA4.72,,PC,,;;,,,90,,,3.3,30,,,208019911998,,,,1992DCC(),,25,,,,DCC,DCC9365:,,19948,,2301995,,,1995,36KNOLL1210,,19921995,1995,CBS(S),54,45%1996,91,300203000,,,,2000,,40:2002,TRW,::,,(),,,;,,,42080,,,,,23,3,19902000,83,83,133,32,,,,,,,,,,,,300,200,:a);b),,;c),;d),502090,,,,,0120105,,,,,,,,2060,,,,LSI()LSI,,LSI,LSI,LCS,F-35LSI,LSI(),,,,,,F-35,,,,,,,,5,,,,20,,DSB(),21,20087,49,/4:a),;b),21;c);d),,,9,:a);b);c),;d):;e),;f);g),;h);i),,[1].[J].,2005,18(6):325.[2].[J].,2008,34(12):63266.(19692),,11365:DevelopmentandFeaturesofUSDefenseIndustryLUOMin(NanjingResearchInstituteofElectronicsTechnology,Nanjing210039,China)Abstract:AccordingtotheresearchreportpresentedbyaUStank:CenterofStrategyandBudgetAssess2ment,USdefenseindustrydevelopmentcanbedividedintothreephases:19451960formationandgrowthphase;19601990maturityphase;19902007restructuringandmergerphase.ThissortofphasedivisioncorrespondstoColdWaremergence,ColdWarongoingandindustrialresponsetothechangingsecurityenvi2ronmentsafterColdWar.USdefenseindustrydevelopmentineachphaseisaffectedbymanyfactors,suchasmilitaryconflicts,defenseexpenditurefluctuation,newtechnologiesandnewpolicies.EventhoughUSgov2ernmentismakingsignificantadjustmentondomesticdefenseindustry,currentUSdefenseindustrystillhastroublesomeissuestobesolved.Keywords:USdefenseindustry;electronicindustry;dual2purposetechnology(5)LPG()2,,,,,:(1050)105Pa,0.15%;012000e,3.1e,10e;0100,0.160.234.4,,,30W,40%/cm,1cm40%,1Pa,,,[1],,.[J].,2009,33(10):38240.[2],,,.[J].,2009,36(4):20226.[3].[M].:,1999.(19722),,,ApplicationofOptic2fiberSensoronMilitaryAffairsYANGYuelun(MilitayRepresentativesDepartmentofNavalEquipmentDepartmentinShanghai,Shanghai200083,China)Abstract:Thispaperpresentsapplicationofoptic2fibersensoronmilitaryaffairsindetail,summarizesadvantagesofoptic2fibergyroandcomparestypicalspecificationsofsomeforeignproducts.Introductionspri2marytypesandmajorapplicationsofmilitaryhydrophoneandoptic2fibersmartskinindetail.Besides,thispa2peralsocomparesseveralpopularoptic2fiberdistributedsensorsatpresent.Keywords:optic2fibersensor;optic2fibergyro;optic2fiberhydrophone;distributedsensor2120105