现在完成时态的用法

现在完成时态是中考的必考时态，由于现在完成时态既涉及到过去，又联系到现在，和一般过去时态，一般现在时态，现在进行时态既有联系，又有区别，所以同学们掌握起来比较困难。现把这种时态的用法简单的总结一下，和各位老师共同切磋。1.现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果Ourteacherhasleft.WehavestudiedEnglish.Ihavealreadyfinishedthehomework.Hehashadhislunch.Hehasbecomeadoctor.have/has+过去分词2.某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示.一段时间的表达方法有两种:for:+一段时间forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyearsSince过去的某一时刻,sinceninesincelastweek一般过去时态的时间状语从句sinceyoucamesinceyougothome.注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.Hehasbeenawayforoneweek.对划线部分提问都用Howlong结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.1.直接用延续性动词buy–catch(get)acold–borrow—Come/go/become—puton--2.转换成be+名词jointhearmy–JointheParty–gotoschool–HavehaveacoldkeepbewearbeasoldierbeaPartymemberbeastudent3转换成be+形容词或副词die—finish–begin—leave—beawayfallsleep–beasleepclose–beclosed4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschool–beinschooljointhearmy–beinthearmy1.我们买这本书三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.2.他感冒三天了.Hehashadacoldforthreedays.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.Hecaughtacoldthreedaysago.一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同意句bedeadbeoverbeon3.自从上星期我借的这本书Ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.4.我成为一个学生两年多了.Ihavebeenastudentforovertwoyears.Iborrowedthebooklastweek.Ibecameastudenttwoyearsago.5.MrBlack死了三年了。MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.6.小名参军半年了。XiaoMinghasbeenasoldierforhalfayear.XiaoMingjoinedthearmyhalfayearago.7.我们上了8年学了。Wehavebeenstudentsforeightyears.8.下课10分钟了Theclasshasbeenoverfortenminutes.9.电影开始了一小时了Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour.注：含延续性动词的现在完成时的同义句转换。Shehasworkedfortenyears....ShebegantoworktenyearsagoShehasworkedsincetenyearsago.ItistenyearssinceshebegantoworkTenyearshaspassedsinceshebegantowork1.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_______?Ahaven’tyouBhaveyouCdoyouDdon’tyou2.--AnnhasgonetoShanghai.---So____herparents.3.–Ihavewatchedthegame.--When____you____it?AhavewatchedBdowatchCdidwatchDwillwatchBhaveC4.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.AlivedBhaslivedClivesDisgoingtolive5.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.AdiedBhasbeendeadCwasdeadDhasdied6.–WhereisHanMeinow?---She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.AhasgoneBhasbeenCgoesDhadgone7.---_____totheUnitedStated?----No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago8.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?AdoyouBareyouChaveyouDdidyouBBA(Haveyoubeen)C9.Howlonghaveyou_____thefootballteamoftheschool?AbeenonBbeenatCjoinedDplayed10.---Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?----Ihave_____toDazhuwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone11.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?AboughtBborrowedChadDlent12.–Excuseme,____youseenthefilmyet?---Yes,I_____itlastnight.Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,saw13.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_____?AisheBisn’tChasn’tDhasheABCDD