高中语法冠词讲解

TheusageofarticlesWhatdoyouknowaboutarticles?Articles:1.indefinitearticles:a/an+单数名词2.definitearticle:the+单数名词、复数名词、不可数名词3.zeroarticle：0+复数名词、不可数名词1.indefinitearticles:a/an1．不定冠词a／an的作用（1）用于泛指，表示“一个”。a+辅音音素，an+元音音素如：Igavehimabookyesterday.Iamreadinganinterestingstory.（2）用于单数名词前表示类属。如：Ahorseisusefultomankind.Abirdcanfly.（3）表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前有描绘性定语时用不定冠词。如：Anewmoonishanginghighinthesky.（4）用来指某人某物，但不具体说明任何人或任何物。如:Aboycametoseeyouamomentago.（5）用于固定搭配。如：afew，alittle，apairof，halfanhour等。Shehasafewfriendsinthiscity.Thereisalittlemilkinthebottle.Onlyafewstudentsareintheclassroom.（6）一日三餐的名词前若有形容词修饰，可用不定冠词。如：Ihadabiglunchyesterday.(7）序数词前一般要加定冠词the表示“第几”。但如果强调“又，再”的概念，序数词前用不定冠词。如：Athirdpersonstooduptogiveatalk.（8）人名前用不定冠词表示“某个叫做……”或“像……一类的人物”。如：ATomiswaitingoutside.HethinksheisaNapoleon.Practicemakesperfect1.2.definitearticle：thel）名词前加定冠词表示特指或类属。如：ThepencilIneedhasdisappeared．Thehorseisbiggerthanthepig．2）用于前面已提过的人或物的名词前。如：IboughtabookfromXinhuabook-shop.Thebookcost15yuan.Lucyboughtaradioyesterday,butshefoundsomethingwaswrongwiththeradio.3）用在世界上（宇宙间）独一无二的物前。如：Thesunisbiggerthanthemoo.4）用于在表示方向，方位的名词前。如：ChinaliesintheeastofAsia.TheWhitesliketheclassicmusic.5)用于形容词最高级或序数词前。如：Hisroomisonthethirdfloor.ThisisthebiggestcityinChinaIhaveevervisited.6)用于江河湖海及山脉名词前。如：WeliveneartheYellowRiver.TheChangjiangRiveristhebiggestoneinChina.TheHimalayasisinTibet.7)用于普通名同构成的专有名词前。如：HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall.8）用于形容词前，使形容词名词化，表示一类人或事。如：thepoor,therich,thewounded,thesick,thedeafThewoundedwerebroughttothehospita.Healwayshelpsthepoor.9）用于一些固定习语中。如：allthesame，ontheleft等。10）用于演奏乐器的名称和文艺活动，运动场所的名称前。如：Thelittlegirllikestoplaythevioli.Theyaregoingtothecinematonight.Thetheaterwasonfirelastweek.11）用于姓名复数之前，表示一家人。如：TheGreensareverykindtous.Practicemakesperfect1.3.zeroarticle下列场合的名词前一般不加冠词。(1)复数名词、不可数名词前，表示类别或泛指。如：Theyareteachers，notstudents.Peoplecan’tgowithoutwaterorair.(2)专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前。如：Chinaisalargecountryintheworld.Ithinkwaterisakindoffood,too.Cottonfeelssoft.(3)星期，月份，节日，季节，职务，球类运动，三餐名词前。如：Summerishotandwinteriscoldhere.Whatdoyouhaveforlunch?NewYear’sDayiscoming.TodayisthefirstdayofMay.Wearegoingtoplaybasketballthisafternoon.(4)用于一些固定习语中。如：byair,onfoot,atnight,afterschool,athome,gotoclass,frommorningtillnightI’mgoingtoChicagobyairnextweek.Igotoschoolonfoot.Infact，Idon’tknowhimatall.Heisathometoday.(5)语言的名称前不用冠词。如：CanyouspeakEnglish?It’sdifficulttolearnChinesewell.TomknowsEnglishbuthedoesn’tknowFrench.Practicemakesperfect1.4．冠词的特殊位置a，an放在how,so,as,too四个副词所修饰的形容词之后。如：Howfineadayitis!Heissogoodateacherthatallthestudentslovehim.Thisisasgoodabookasthatone.Itistoodifficultataskforyoutofinish.【注意】•和quite,rather这两个副词搭配时,a,an一般后置。•但是，如果在名词之前有形容词，这时，a,an前置或后置都可以。如：Ittakesquiteatime.Ittakesquitealongtime／aquitelongtime.PracticemakesperfectAnalysisoftheusage1.______youngmanwithawalkmaninhishandis_______excellentbasketballplayer.A.The；aB.A；anC.The；anD.A；he2.Whenyoucomehereforyourholidaynexttime,don’tgoto_____hotel;Icanfindyou______bedinmyflat．A.the；aB.the；／C.a；theD.a；／Exercises1.TomenjoysPlaying______footballwhileIenjoyplaying________pianoverymuch.A．the；theB．a；aC．／；theDthe；／2.Thereisaholein_______frontwalland_____oldpictureisaboveit.A．the；anB．a；anC．the；aD.／；an3．-----Haveyouseen______pen，Ilostitherethismorning．-----Isit______blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere．A．a；theB．the；theC．the；aD．a；a4.Cottonisgrownin________China．A．northB．thenorthofC．thenorthD．anorth5.RememberI’llbewaitingforyouat_____gateof______cinemaatsevenin______evening.A．a；a；theB．the;the;theC．a;the;anD．the;a;an6.Bettyisgoingto_____toseeherfatherbecausehehasalreadybeenin_______fortwoweeks.A.hospital;hospitalB.thehospital;hospitalC.thehospital;ahospitalD.hospital;thehospital7．After____quickbreakfastIhurriedto____school．A．／；／B．a；／C．the；theD．the；／8.Itisknowntoallthat____lighttravelsfasterthan_____sound.A．／；／B．a；aC.the；theD．the;／9.Thechildrenallhadagoodtimeon____Children’sDay．A.theB.theirC.aD./10.-----HaveyoulearnedGerman?------Yes.It’s_____languageI’veeverlearned.A.aquitedifficultB.quiteadifficultC.difficultquiteD.difficultaquite11.MrWhiteliveson______floor.A.thefifteenB.fifteenC.thefifteenthD.fifteenth12._____moonmovesaround_____earth,andtheyarebothsmallerthan______sun.A.The;an;aB.A;the;theC./;/;/D.The;the;the13.-----John,thereis______Mr.Wilsononthephoneforyou.------I’min_____bath.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;aD.the;/14.It’s______worldofwonders,____worldwhereanythingcanhappen.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD./;/15.Hehastriedtwice,andthecaptainaskshimtohave_______thirdtry.A.theB.aC.anotherD.other