CWM1模型在人工湿地水体修复及生活污水处理中的应用研究

分类号:X703.110710-B2007161博士学位论文CWM1模型在人工湿地水体修复及生活污水处理中的应用研究于慧卿导师姓名职称赵剑强程继夏教授申请学位级别博士学科专业名称环境工程论文提交日期2012年11月2日论文答辩日期2013年4月6日学位授予单位长安大学TheApplicationofConstructedWetlandModelNo.1toWaterBodyRemediationandDomesticWastewaterTreatmentbyConstructedWetlandsADissertationSubmittedfortheDegreeofDoctorCandidate：YuHuiqingSupervisor：Prof.ZhaoJianqiangProf.ChengJixiaChang’anUniversity,Xi’an,China论文独创性声明本人声明：本人所呈交的学位论文是在导师的指导下,独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。除论文中已经注明引用的内容外，对论文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本论文中不包含任何未加明确注明的其他个人或集体已经公开发表的成果。本声明的法律责任由本人承担。论文作者签名：年月日论文知识产权权属声明本人在导师指导下所完成的论文及相关的职务作品，知识产权归属学校。学校享有以任何方式发表、复制、公开阅览、借阅以及申请专利等权利。本人离校后发表或使用学位论文或与该论文直接相关的学术论文或成果时，署名单位仍然为长安大学。（保密的论文在解密后应遵守此规定）论文作者签名：年月日导师签名：年月日I摘要本论文在CWM1模型描述人工湿地污染物生化反应过程的基础上，引入潜流人工湿地中介质对颗粒态物质的过滤吸附作用、表面流人工湿地对颗粒物的沉淀作用及植物吸收同化作用对各组分反应速率的影响，建立了人工湿地污染物去除模型，并采用所建模型对渭河西安城市段水体改善项目小试工程、高陵县通远镇镇域污水处理站表面流人工湿地及蓝田水陆湾度假村污水处理工程潜流人工湿地进行了污染物模拟分析，验证了所建模型的适用性。本论文得出以下结论：（1）渭河西安城市段水体改善项目小试工程进水COD浓度范围为71～280mg/L，BOD5浓度范围为28～161mg/L，氨氮浓度范围为15～36mg/L；三级潜流出水COD浓度范围为16～47mg/L，BOD5浓度范围为2～4mg/L，氨氮浓度范围为2～8mg/L。整个潜流区COD去除率范围为77.1%～93.5%，BOD5去除率范围为92.7%～98.7%，氨氮去除率范围为66.7%～90%。（2）渭河西安城市段水体改善项目小试工程二级表流出水COD浓度范围为36～75mg/L，BOD5浓度范围为5～12mg/L，氨氮浓度范围为6～15mg/L。整个表流区COD去除率范围为39.7%～85%，BOD5去除率范围为78.6%～94.9%，氨氮去除率范围为44.4%～66.7%。（3）渭河西安城市段水体改善项目小试工程试验植物为芦苇、芭茅及香蒲，试验结果表明，芦苇及香蒲生长情况良好，而芭茅不适合作为此环境中的湿地植物。待湿地系统取消管理后，全部被本土植物所覆盖。（4）CWM1模型主要描述了微生物的生物动力学过程，本文在CWM1模型理论的基础上，考虑潜流人工湿地中基质过滤吸附作用和植物吸收同化作用、表面流人工湿地中颗粒物的沉淀作用和植物对污染物去除率的影响，建立人工湿地污染物去除模型对三级潜流人工湿地及二级表面流人工湿地污染物去除效果进行模拟，可以取得比较可信的模拟结果。（5）对高陵县通远镇镇域污水处理工程及蓝田水陆湾度假村污水处理工程，利用改进的CWM1模型进行动态模拟分析，模拟结果与实测值基本吻合，蓝田水陆湾度假村污水处理工程模拟结果好于高陵县通远镇镇域污水处理工程。论文通过试验研究、模型研究及理论分析，得到了以下具有创新性的研究成果：II（1）以渭河西安城市段水体改善项目小试工程为研究对象，按照CWM1模型水质参数的测定方法对氵皂河水质中各组分进行了界定。（2）在CWM1模型理论的基础上，考虑潜流人工湿地中基质过滤吸附作用、表面流人工湿地中颗粒物的沉淀作用对污染物去除率的影响和植物吸收同化作用对各组分反应速率的影响等因素，建立了人工湿地污染物去除模型。（3）采用改进的CWM1模型对渭河西安城市段水体改善项目小试工程及生活污水处理工程污染物去除效果进行模拟，并对模型进行参数律定，取得了与实测结果比较吻合的结果。关键词：CWM1；人工湿地；水体修复；生活污水处理IIIAbstractInthispaper,theConstructedWetlandModelNo(CWM1)wasemployedtodescribethebiochemicalreactionforpollutantsinconstructedwetlands.Onthisbasis,thefiltrationandadsorptionofmediumsonparticlesinsubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlands,thesedimentationofparticlesinsurfaceflowconstructedwetlandsandtheassimilationofplantswereconsideredfortheimpactsonreactionratesofeachcomponent.Asaresult,amodelforpollutantsremovalwithconstructedwetlandswasbuiltup,whichwasthenadoptedtoasmallscalewaterimprovementprojectforWeiheRiverinXi’anSection,asurfaceflowconstructedwetlandofsewagetreatmentstationinTongyuanTown,GaolingCountyaswellasasubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlandforsewagetreatmentprojectofShuiluBayResortinLantian.Thesimulatedanalysesofpollutantsatthesepointswereconductedandtheadaptabilityofthemodelwasverified.Thefollowingconclusionsweredrawn:(1)Theinfluentconcentrationsofchemicaloxygendemand(COD),5-daybiologicaloxygendemand(BOD5)andammonianitrogen(NH4+-N)ofthein-siteexperimentswere71~280mg/L,28~161mg/Land15~36mg/Lrespectively.TheeffluentCOD,BOD5andNH4+-Nconcentrationsofthethree-stagesub-surfaceflowconstructedwetlandwere16～47mg/L,2~4mg/Land2~8mg/Lrespectively.RemovalefficienciesofCOD,BOD5andNH4+-Nofthesub-surfaceflowconstructedwetlandwere77.1%~93.5%,92.7%~98.7%and66.7%~90%respectively.(2)TheeffluentCOD,BOD5andNH4+-Nconcentrationsofthetwo-stagesurfaceflowconstructedwetlandwere36～75mg/L,5~12mg/Land6~15mg/Lrespectively.RemovalefficienciesofCOD,BOD5andNH4+-Nofthesurfaceflowconstructedwetlandwere39.7%~85%,78.6%~94.9%and44.4%~66.7%respectively.(3)Plantstestedinthewaterqualityimprovementprojectswerereed,Miscanthusfloridulus（Labill.）Warb.andcattail.Accordingtothein-siteexperiments,reedandcattailgrewwellinconstructedwetlands,andMiscanthusfloridulus（Labill.）Warb.cannottobeawetlandplantinthisenvironment.ConstructedWetlandswascoveredbynativeplantswhenmanagementwasstopped.IV(4)CWM1mainlydescribedthedynamicprocessofmicrobialgrowth.Inthispaper,takenthefiltrationandadsorptioneffectsoftheconstructedwetlandonsubstratesandplantsassimilationintoconsideration,thecontaminationremovalmodelwasconstructedandappliedtothesimulationofthecontaminationremovalsbythetwo-stagesurfaceflowconstructedwetlandandthethree-stageflowconstructedwetland.(5)TheimprovedCWM1wasutilizedtosimulatethedynamicprocessofthetwoconstructedwetlandslocatedinTongyuantown,GaolingCountyandShuiluwanresort,LantianCountyrespectively,andthesimulationresultswereinaccordancewiththoseofexperimentalresultsbasically.ThesimulationresultsofthemodeltothewastewatertreatmentplantlocatedinShuiluwanresort,LantianCountywasbetterthanthoseofTongyuantown,GaolingCounty.Thefollowinginnovationresultswereobtainedthroughexperimentsandtheoreticalanalysis:(1)ThepollutantsintheWeiheRiveralongurbanreachesofXi’anwereregardedastheobjectofthestudy.AccordingtothemethodsuggestedbytheCWM1,theparametersofwaterqualityintheZaoheRiverweredefined.(2)OnthebasisofCWM1,takenthefiltrationandadsorptioneffectsoftheconstructedwetlandonsubstratesandplantsassimilationintoconsideration,thecontaminationremovalmodelfortheconstructedwetlandwasconstructed.(3)TheimprovedCWM1wascalibr