人教必修一unit5 Language points

Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero例:Modestyisoneofhisgoodqualities.谦虚是他的美德之一。Nowadayspeopleareveryconcernedaboutthesafetyandqualityoffood.如今，人们非常关心食品的安全和质量。1.qualityn.品质(用于人),质量quality作“质量”讲时,通常用作不可数名词；而作“品质”讲时,多用作可数名词【拓展】ofquality优质的，素质好的ofhigh/lowquality高/低质量的averagequality一般质量inquality在质量上【学以致用】完成句子①Thekitchenoilusedinthatrestaurant__________________.(quality)那家餐馆所用的食用油的质量很差。②ThefilmsthatJetListarsin_________________.(quality)李连杰主演的电影质量很高。waspoorinqualityareofhighquality2.meanadj.1.吝啬的,小气的(meanabout/over/withHerhusbandisverymeanaboutmoney.她的丈夫在金钱上很吝啬。2.卑鄙的,心地不好的(meantosth.)Don’tbesomeantoyourlittlebrother!别对你弟弟那么刻薄！【拓展】meanvt.本意是，原意是meantodo打算做……；有意做……meandoing意味着bemeantfor打算给予；打算作……用—Thatwouldmeanwastingalotoftime.——那将意味着浪费很多时间。—Really？Idon’tmeantowasteanytime.——是吗？我没打算浪费任何时间。Whatdoyoumeanbyactinglikethis?你这样做是什么意思?3.activeadj.1)活跃的;活泼的Mrs.Brownisover80andnotveryactivenow.布朗太太已八十多岁,现在不大活动了。2)积极的;勤奋的Hebecameanactivesocialreformer.他成了一位积极的社会改革家。3)在活动中的;在进展中的MountVesuviusisanactivevolcano.维苏威是一座活火山。【拓展】beactiveabout对……热心beactiveinsth./doingsth.积极参与某事/做某事beactiveas...作为……活跃4.generousadj.①慷慨的,大方的[(generouswith/in/to)]Sheisgenerousingivinghelp.她乐于助人。Hewasgeneroustoeverybodywithmoney.他在金钱上对每个人都很大方。②宽宏大量的,宽厚的[(generousto)]Heisgeneroustohissubordinates.他待部属很宽厚。③大量的;丰富的;丰盛的Shegavemeagenerouslunch.她请我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。5.devotedadj.1.献身的;虔诚的;专心致志的Hewasstilldevotedtothestudyofchemistry.他仍专心研究化学。2.忠实的;挚爱的Mrs.Joneshadaverydevotedhusband.琼斯太太有一位忠实的丈夫。[拓展]devote的用法阅读下列句子，注意devote的意思及用法。1.Hedevotedallhistimetohisjob.2.Hedevotedhimselftowriting.[自我归纳]devote为动词，常与介词__连用，构成短语devoteone’slife/time/energy/attention.to(doing)sth.（句1），表示“把生命/时间/精力/注意力用在/献给（做）某事上”；_____________（句2）表示“献身；专心于”。todevoteoneselfto【即学即练】用devote的适当形式完成句子。1.Thousandsof_______fanswaitedintherainforthegrouptoarrive.2.Shegaveupherpart-timejoband______herselfentirelytoherart.devoteddevoted只能接动名词作宾语的动词avoid,consider,dislike,enjoy,excuse,finish,imagine,mind,miss,suggest,stop,feellike,giveup,can’thelp,can’tstandaperiodof.....(时期)阶段gotosb.foradvice向某人寻求建议guidancen.指导undertheguidanceof=undersb'sguidance在某人的指导下begenerouswith在....大方begrateforsth.感谢.....12.be…away有…远(指距离、时间)1)我家离这里只有两条街。Myhouseisonly2blocksawayfromhere.2)他的生日在两周以后。Hisbirthdayistwoweeksaway.intwoweeks.13.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.然而在这个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得有身份证不可。【分析】(1)this/thatwasatimewhen意为“在这/那个时候”。ThatwasatimewhenmanypeoplewereattackedbySARS.在那个时候，很多人都受到了SARS的侵袭。(2)However是经常考到的转折副词。【学以致用】仿写句子然而在这个时候，我们应该下定决心努力学习。______________________________________________________However,thisisatimewhenweshoulddecidetostudyhard.1)他还没有回家，这叫我放心不下。Itworriesmethathehasn’tcomehomeyet.2)我发愁的是如何再找到工作。WhatworriesmeishowIamgoingtogetanotherjob.14.worryvt.It+worrysb.+that使某人担心beworriedabout/that担心，担忧1)I’mworried______herdrivingthecartonightonthewetroad.A.ofB.aboutC.onD.at2)Hisdangerousdrivingalways_______me.A.worryaboutB.worriesaboutC.worriedaboutD.worries15.beoutofwork/ajob/employment=loseone’sjob=beunemployed失业,没有工作Hismotherhasbeenoutofworkforhalfayear.inwork有工作Isherhusbandinwork?outof意为“在…之外”,“向…外”;表示失去,没有,用完;不再处于某种状况。反义词为into或in。①Thelittleboyranoutoftheroom.②Hetookmybooksoutofmyschoolbag.③Don’trunintotheroom.④Canyouputyourraincoatinyourpocket?outofbreath上气不接下气outofpatience不耐烦outofpetrol汽油用完了outofuse没用了outoforder出故障了outofcontrol失控了outofdanger脱离危险了outofsight看不见了outoffashion不时兴outofdate过时outofrepair无法修葺Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见,心不烦。16.as…as+主语+can/could尽可能,尽量=as…as+possibleHewasrunningasfastashecould.=Hewasrunningasfastaspossible.YoumustspeakEnglishasoftenasyoucan.=YoumustspeakEnglish__________________.asoftenaspossibleTheydidtheexperimentascarefullyastheycould.=Theydidtheexperiment___________________.Trytomakeasfewmistakesasyoucan.=Trytomake_______________________.ascarefullyaspossibleasfewmistakesaspossible17.“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.”某些动词(see,find,witness等)主语有时不是人而是物,即拟人用法,使句子生动。1)Thisoldhousehasseengooddays.2)Dusk(黄昏)foundaboycryinginthestreet.3)Oct1,1949,saw/witnessedthefoundationofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.a.这是一个复合句，包含一个时间状语从句，同时在时间状语从句中含有一个定语从句。b.本句的结构是：主句（Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress）+时间状语从句（untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall）。c.主句的结构是：主语（Thelastthirtyyears）+谓语（haveseen）+宾语（thegreatestnumberoflaws）+宾语补足语（stoppingourrightsandprogress）。d.时间状语从句的结构是：主语（we）+谓语（havereached）+宾语（astage）+定语从句（wherewehavealmostnorightsatall）。[仿写]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(过去的30年见证了我国发生的巨大变化，到现在我们已经进入了在很多领域处于领先地位的时代。)Thelastthirtyyearshaveseengreatchangestakeplaceinourcountry,untilnowwehavereachedastagewhereweshareleadingpositionsinmanyfields....untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.[考点]定语从句中关系副词where的用法[考例]Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity______sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.wh