2017年中考英语(广东专版)语法课件-第九章被动语态

语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的执行者时为主动语态，主语是动作的承受者时为被动语态。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被、受、给”等词来表示被动意义。第九章被动语态一般现在时:am/is/are+p.p.如：Icleantheroom./Theroomiscleanedbyme.1.被动语态的构成被动语态由“be+过去分词(p.p.)”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化来表现出来的，过去分词部分不变。疑问句和否定句的变化也如此。一般过去时was/were+p.p.如：Hecleanedtheroom./Theroomwascleanedbyhim.一般将来时will/begoingto+be+p.p.如：Hewillcleantheroom./Theroomwillbecleanedbyhim.(1)当不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没必要指出动作的执行者是谁时:Thebookiswrittenforchildren.2.被动语态的用法(2)强调或突出动作的承受者时，而不强调动作的执行者时:Thewindowwasbrokenyesterday.(3)当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时:Manyhousesweredestroyedbytheaccident.考点1一般现在时的被动语态(主语+am/is/are+p.p.)肯定句Theflooriscleanedeveryday.Theflowersarewateredeveryday.Iamtoldtohandinhomeworkontime.否定句Thefloorisn’tcleanedeveryday.Theflowersaren’twateredeveryday.Iamnottoldtohandinhomeworkontime.一般疑问句Isthefloorcleanedeveryday？Aretheflowerswateredeveryday？Areyoutoldtohandinhomeworkontime？举一反三()1.Hotwater______inthestudents’flatsfrom5pmto7pmnow.(2012·广东省)A.suppliesB.issuppliedC.suppliedD.wassupplied()2.—HaveyouheardofthesongLittleApple？—Yes.It______everymorningwhenagedpeopledosquaredancingdownstairs.(2015·广东省)A.isplayedB.playsC.wasplayedD.played中考真题BA()3.NowChinese’s_____becomethepopularlanguagethatwidely_______intheworld.A.is；learnedB.is；learningC.will；learnD.was；learned()4.—Lookatthesignontheright.—Oh，_____parkinghere.A.doesn’tallowB.isn’tallowedC.didn’tallowD.wasn’tallowed中考预测AB考点2一般过去时的被动语态(主语+was/were+p.p.)肯定句ThecupwasbrokenbyJim.Thetreeswereplantedbythestudentslastyear.否定句Thecupwasn’tbrokenbyJim.Thetreesweren’tplantedbythestudentslastyear.一般疑问句WasthecupbrokenbyJim？Werethetreesplantedbythestudentslastyear？举一反三()1.Itlastweekthatthehaze(雾霾)inBeijingcausedmanyproblems.(2013·广东省)A.reportsB.reportedC.isreportedD.wasreported()2.HeJiang_____togiveaspeechatthegraduationceremonyatHarvardUniversitylastmonth.(2016·广东省)A.invitesB.invitedC.isinvitedD.wasinvited中考真题DD()3.Lastyear，LiHua，acollegestudent,_______toworkforthevolunteercenter.A.ischoosingB.ischosenC.waschosenD.waschoosing()4.WhenSue______whyhewaslateforschool，shejustkeptsilent.A.wasaskedB.askedC.wasaskingD.isasking中考预测CA考点3一般将来时的被动语态(主语+will/begoingto+be+p.p.)肯定句ThemeetingwillbeheldinOctober.ThemeetingisgoingtobeheldinOctober.否定句Themeetingwon’tbeheldinOctober.Themeetingisn’tgoingtobeheldinOctober.一般疑问句WillthemeetingbeheldinOctober？IsthemeetinggoingtobeheldinOctober？举一反三()1.AlthoughFlightMH370hasbeenmissingformonths，Idobelieveit_____somedayinthefuture.(2014·广东省)A.willfindB.won’tfindC.willbefoundD.won’tbefound中考真题()2.Atalkondevelopmentinscienceandtechnology____intheschoolhallnextWednesday.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives中考预测CB考点4被动语态在运用过程中的几个注意事项(1)连系动词如smell，taste，sound，look，taste等用主动结构表示被动。如：Thefoodsmellsbad.(2)不及物动词及部分动词短语，如happen，takeplace，belongto，breakdown等没有被动语态，如：Mycarbrokedownonmywaytoschool.(3)动词短语变为被动语态时，不能去掉短语中的介词或副词，如lookafter，takecareof等，如:Theylookafterthechildwell.(4)主动语态中的“十大动词”，如make，see，feel，let，hear，watch，notice，listento，look等后常接不带to的动词不定式，但变为被动语态时要加to,如：Hemakesthegirlstayathome.=Thegirlismadetostayathome.(5)有些及物动词表示主语(多为物)的某种性质而非人为的原因时，作不及物动词，没有被动形式，如sell，write，ride，draw等，且这些动词后多有well，如：Thebikerideswell.(6)needdoing，beworthdoing中的doing表示被动意义，如：Yourshoesneedwashing.=Yourshoesneedtobewashed.beusedtodosth./beusedfordoingsth.被用来做某事beusedassth.被用作……beusedbysb.被某人使用bemadeof/fromsth.由……构成(可看出原料/不可看出原料)bemadeinswh./bysb.在何地制造/由某人制造becoveredwith/by被……覆盖befilledwith被……装满besoldout卖完，卖光beseen/heardtodo被看见/听到做……bemadetodo被迫做某事It’ssaid/reported/believedthat据说/据报道/人们相信……常用的被动语态词组举一反三()1.Thepen______well.It_____well，too.A.iswritten；sellsB.iswritten；issoldC.writes；sellsD.writes；issold()2.Greatchanges_______inChinasince1980.A.havebeentakenplaceB.havetakenplaceC.tookplaceD.weretakenplace中考预测CA