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第二轮复习语法梳理第十四节主从复合句考点1宾语从句宾语从句属于名词性从句,在句子中相当于一个名词词组,在全句中充当主句的宾语。在中考题中比较常见。主要考查其引导1.(1)宾语从句是陈述句,引导词用that,在口语中thatWeallthink(that)heishard-working.我们都考点1宾语从句(2)如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有ornot或从句充当介词的宾语时,只能用whetherIdon’tknowif/whetherhewillcomehere.Sorry,Idon’tknowwhethershewillcomeornot.考点1宾语从句(3)宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,引导词就是Couldyoutellmewherethelibraryis?Theteacheraskedthestudentswhattheyweretalkingabout.老师问学生们他们正在谈论什么。2.宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的,一般有几种情况:考点1宾语从句(1)主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的时间状语用相应的任何时态。如:HesayshewillaskMr.HutogiveJimsomeworktomorrow.他说他明天将会叫胡先生给吉姆一些工作。(2)主句的时态为过去时态时,从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。MissYangsaidshemissedusverymuch.考点1宾语从句(3)从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。Hesaidthatthesunisbiggerthanthemoon.他说太阳比月亮大。3.(1)在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语考点1宾语从句Iwanttoknowwhenthetrainleft.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。(2)有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如:What’swrongwith…?Whichisthewayto…Whathappenedtoyou?What’sthematter/trouble…Whostudiesthehardestinyourclass?考点1宾语从句(3)doyouthink后接宾语从句时,特殊疑问词即引导词要前置,doyouthink作为插入语。Whodoyouthinkheistalkingwith?你认为他正在和谁交谈?考点2定语从句在复合句中,修饰某一名词,代词或某一句子的从句叫做定语从句,其功能相当于一个形容词。中考重点考查由that,which,who引1.在定语从句中,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系代词who,whom,that,which,whose引导。(1)who,whom,that代替的先行词是指人的名考点2定语从句Ishethemanwho/thatwantstomarryyou他是想娶你的那个人吗?(who/that在从句中Heistheman(who/whom/that)Ihityesterday.他是昨天我打的那个人。(who/whom/that在从句中作宾语)(2)which,that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词考点2定语从句Bettylikesmusicthat/whichissadandgentle.贝蒂喜欢轻柔伤感的音乐。(that/which在从句Thecup(that/which)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放桌子上的杯子是蓝色的。(that/which在从句中作宾语)(3)whose用来指人或物。(只用作定语)Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisred.请把封面是红色的那本书递给我。考点2定语从句2.关系词只能用that而不用which(1)ThisisoneofthemostexcitingbasketballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.(2)Thefirstthingthatyoucoulddowastocalmdown.考点2定语从句(3)当先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)AllthatIhavetodoformyfamilyisworthwhile.IwillbuyeverythingthatIneed.我将会去买我所需要的一切东西。(4)当先行词前面有only,all,any,no等词考点2定语从句That’sallthatIcandoforyou.这就是我能为你(5)Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.3.关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that(1)当先行词为any或其合成词或afew且指人时。考点2定语从句Anyonewhobreakstherulesinthetestwillbepunished.(2)当先行词为that,this,those或these且指人Thosewhodidn’thandinhomeworkneedtogototheofficerightnow.考点2定语从句(3)当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时,在口语中用who或whom引导均可,但如直接位于介词后作宾语时,只能用whomTheguest(who/whom)I’llfirstintroducetoyouisawell-knownwriter.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位位著名的作Imetafewstudents,amongwhomwasmymonitor.复合句中,充当状语成分的从句叫做状语从句。中考对状语从句的考查一般都会和从属连词相结合,重点是在状语从句中考查从属连引导时间状语从句的连接词:when,as,while,after,before,till,until,since,assoonas引导原因状语从句的连接词:because,since,as考点3状语从句考点3状语从句引导目的状语从句的连接词:sothat,inorderthat引导结果状语从句的连接词:so…that…,such…that…引导条件状语从句的连接词:if,unless,aslongas引导让步状语从句的连接词:although,though,eventhough引导比较状语从句的连接词:than,as…as…,notso/as…as考点3状语从句考点3状语从句考点3状语从句(2)not…until和untilDon’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.车没(getoff这个动作直到stop这个结束后才开始。)Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil(till)hisfathercameback.(wait这个动作直到爸爸cameback时才停止。)考点3状语从句2.(1)although与though可以引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可以与yetAlthoughtheyarepoor,(yet)theyarekind.尽(2)evenif或eventhough引导让步状语从句,表示“即使”,“纵然”,用来使人注意下Eventhoughyouhateme,I’llalwaysloveyou.考点3状语从句3.原因状语从句:because,as,since(1)表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道,却又是最直接的原因,因此because从句是全句最重要的部分,通常注:①在回答why的问句时,只用because回②because与so不能同时用在同一个句子中。—YouwanttoknowwhyI’mleaving?你想知考点3状语从句—I’mleavingbecauseI’mbored.我离开是因(2)表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉,因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些,它们通常被置于语句Seeingallofthechildrenalreadyseated,hesaid,“Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.”考点3状语从句4.目的状语从句:that,sothat,inorderthat为了;Hestudieshardsothat/inorderthathecangotoPekingUniversity.注:目的状语从句不可置于句首,常跟may,might,can,could,would考点3状语从句5.结果状语从句:that,sothat,so…that,such…that…太/如此……以至于……常用句式:so+形容词/副词+that从句;such+名词+thatHeransoquicklythatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.Sheissokindthateveryonelikesher.她是如TomissuchagoodboythatIcan’tforgethim.汤姆是个这么好的男孩以至于我无法忘记他。考点3状语从句Theyaresuchexcellentchildrenthattheirparentsfeelproudofthem.他们是如此优秀的小孩,他们的父母都引以为傲。考点3状语从句6.比较状语从句:than,as…as…,notso/as…asJennyfinishedthistaskmuchbetterthanyou(did).Thelittleboyranasfastashisfatherdidinhisearlyage.Icannoteatasmuchasyoudo.我不能和你吃得一样多。考点3状语从句7.条件状语从句:if如果,unless(=if…not)除非,so(as)longas只要,onceHewillgohomeifheisfree.如果他有空,他会回家。(主句一般将来时,Youwillfailthetestunlessyoustudyhard.=Youwillfailthetestifyoudon’tstudyhard.除非你努力学习,否则你将会考试不及格。考点3状语从句Aslongasyouwinthegame,youwillgeteverythingyouwant.只要你赢得这场比赛,你将会获得你所想要的一切。(主句一般将来时,从句一般现在Onceyougooutofthishouse,youwillhavenothing.一旦你走出这个家,你会一无所有。(主句
本文标题:【2016中考宝典】2016中考英语(深圳地区)复习语法课件:主从复合句(PPT)
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