气雾剂基础知识

BasicKnowledgeoftheAerosol气雾剂基本知识曲维好广州保赐利化工有限公司电话：[phone]手机：[phone]邮箱：[e-mail]广州从化经济技术开发区太源路11号ThedefinementofAerosol气雾剂的定义AnAerosolcanbedefinedas:Anintegralready-to-usepackageincorporatingavalveandaproductwhichisdispensedbypre-storedpressureinacontrolledmannerwhenthevalveisoperated气雾剂可被定义为:气雾剂是指将内容物和抛射剂一起密封盛装在装有阀门的容器内，在抛射剂的压力下按预定形态喷出，一次使用的产品。这类产品以喷射的方式使用，喷出物可呈气态、液态或固态，喷出形状可为雾状、泡沫、粉末或胶束。HOWAEROSOLSAREFILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的Anaerosolismadeupofseveralbasiccomponents:气雾剂的主要组成部分Anaerosolcan气雾罐Theproduct内容物Thepropellant抛射剂Avalvewithdiptube阀门及引液管Anactuator喷嘴Adustcap(notshown)保护盖HOWAEROSOLSAREFILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的1.Startwithanemptyaerosolcontainer.Thiswillbemadeoftinplateoraluminium,orperhapsglass.Thecapacityofthecontainerwillbegreaterthanthatwhichisdeclaredonthepack.1、首先由空的气雾罐开始，气雾罐可以是马口铁罐、铝罐或玻璃罐标称灌装量应不超过气雾罐全容积的80%HOWAEROSOLSAREFILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的2.Theproduct,usuallyintheformofaliquid,isnowadded.Thiscontainsalltheactiveingredients,exceptforthepropellant.ThevolumeofliquidisverycarefullycontrolledtoensurethatitconformswithWeights&Measureslegislation.2、现在开始添加内容物，通常情况下为液态。包含了除抛射剂之外的所有有效成分。料液的体积按照标准规定受到严格控制。HOWAEROSOLSAREFILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的3.TheAerosolvalveisnowfitted(crimped)tothecan.Thisisaverycriticaloperationandthecrimpingmachineryhastobecarefullysetuptoensurethatthecan/valvesealdoesnotleak.3、现在将阀门封在罐上，这一工序要求非常严格，封口机必须调整正确，以保证罐/阀门密封处不会泄漏HOWAEROSOLSAREFILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的Thepropellantisnowinjectedunderpressure,throughthevalve.Thepropellantmaybeintheformofaliquifiedgas,oracompressedgas.Ifaliquifiedgasisuseditwillexistasbothaliquid,andvapourintheaerosolcanheadspace.Thevolumeofliquidinthecanwillincrease,asshowninthisexample.Ifacompressedgasisused,itwillusuallyonlybeintheheadspace,abovetheliquidinthecan,andtherewillbelittleornoincreaseinliquidvolume.Again,thevolumeofliquidisverycarefullycontrolledtoensurethatitconformswithWeights&Measureslegislation.现在抛射剂通过阀门装入罐内.抛射剂可以是液化气或压缩气体如果是液化气，液相和气相会同时存在，气相在罐内上部，罐内的液相体积会升高。如果是压缩气体，它通常会在罐内的液相上部空间，液相体积会轻微升高或不升高。液相的体积须严格控制以满足计量法的规定。HOWAEROSOLSAREFILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的Theaerosolisnowinapressurisedstateduetotheadditionofthepropellant.Thecansarenowimmersedinawaterbathat50°Ctocheckforanyleaks.Anycansthatleakarerejected.由于加入了抛射剂，现在产品内是有压力的。现在将产品放入50℃的水浴中以检查是否有泄漏现象，任何泄漏的罐子都将被剔出。50℃的水浴也是重要的安全测试方式，确保产品在运输、储存及使用时不会发生变形或爆破。HOWAEROSOLSAREFILLED气雾剂是如何灌装的Ifalarge,orspecial,actuatorisrequireditisfittednow.Finallythecanwillbedate/batchcoded,andshrinkwrappedorboxedasrequired.现在将促动器（喷嘴/喷头）装在阀门上。最后给产品喷上生产日期、批号、套上收缩膜，装箱。AEROSOLPROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂WHYDOWENEEDAPROPELLANTThecontentsoftheaerosolaremadeupoftwocomponents:1.Theproduct,intheformofaliquid,emulsionorsuspension.2.Thepropellant,whichcanbealiquefiedgas,orevenacompressedgas.Thepropellantisthedrivingforce(or,youcouldsay,the'engine'),behindtheaerosol.为什么需要抛射剂气雾剂内容物主要由两种组分构成:1.产品本身，以液态、乳液、悬浮状存在2.抛射剂可以是以液化气或压缩空气抛射剂是气雾剂的驱动力。AEROSOLPROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂Liquefiedpropellantsaregasesthatexistasliquidsunderpressure.Becausetheaerosolisunderpressurethepropellantexistsmainlyasaliquid,butitwillalsobeintheheadspaceasagas.Astheproductisusedupasthevalveisopened,someoftheliquidpropellantturnstogasandkeepstheheadspacefullofgas.Inthiswaythepressureinthecanremainsessentiallyconstantandthesprayperformanceismaintainedthroughoutthelifeoftheaerosol.Thepropellantisanessentialelementintheformulation..当使用液化气作为抛射剂时，抛射剂主要以液态的形式存在，在罐子的顶部以气态的形式存在，当产品开始使用阀门打开时，部分液态的抛射剂又转换成气体在罐子的顶部。这样，罐内压力基本上保持不变。在气雾剂的整个使用寿命期间，喷射状态基本保持不变。抛射剂是配方的基本元素。AEROSOLPROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂Compressedgaspropellantsreallyonlyoccupytheheadspaceabovetheliquidinthecan.Whentheaerosolvalveisopenedthegas'pushes'theliquidoutofthecan.Theamountofgasintheheadspaceremainsthesamebutithasmorespace,andasaresultthepressurewilldropduringthelifeofthecan.Sprayperformanceismaintainedhoweverbycarefulchoiceoftheaerosolvalveandactuator..当抛射剂为压缩空气时，其主要存在在罐子的顶部，当阀门打开时，气体将液体推出罐子，在罐子顶部的抛射剂的量基本保持不变，但空间增大了。因此，在气雾剂的整个使用寿命期间，罐内压力逐渐降低。要保持喷射状态不变需仔细挑选阀门和喷嘴。AEROSOLPROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂Inbothoftheexamplesabove,youwillseethatthecanisnotfulltothetopwithliquid.Thisisforsafetyreasons,astheremustalwaysbesufficientspaceforthepropellantgastooccupy,underalllikelystorageconditions.Ifallthespaceinthecanwasfullofliquid,therewouldbethepossibledangerofthecanbursting.Theactualamountofliquidthatcanbefilledintoanaerosolcaniscontrolledbylegislation,andtherehastobeagreaterheadspacewhenusingcompressedgaspropellants-seethesectiononaerosolcans在上述两个例子中，你会看到罐内并没有装满液体，这是出于安全因素的考虑，因为必须给抛射剂气相留有足够的空间，如果罐内所有空间都被液相占据，有可能会引起罐子爆裂的危险。气雾剂液相的充装量是有法律规定规定的。当使用压缩气体作为抛射剂时气相需要的空间可能会更大。AEROSOLPROPELLANTS气雾剂抛射剂TypicalPropellantsLiquefiedPetroleumGas(LPG)DiMethylEtherChlorofluorocarbons(CFCs)Non-solublecompressedGasses.(e.g.CompressedAirandNitrogen)SolublecompressedGasses(e.g.CarbonDioxide)几种典型的抛射剂液化石油气(LPG)二甲醚（DME）氯氟烃(CFCs)不溶解性压缩气体.(如：压缩空气、氮气)可溶解性压缩气体(如二氧化碳)AEROSOLSVALVE气雾剂阀门ValveCup（阀杯）：主要有铁杯及铝杯OuterGasket（外垫圈）:是阀杯及气雾罐之间的密封材料.ValveHousing（阀室）:-装载阀杆、内垫圈、弹簧ValveStem（阀杆）按动时可以使内容物喷出InnerGasket（内垫圈）:盖住阀杆上的孔ValveSpring（弹簧）:通常是不锈钢.DipTube（引液管）:引导液体进入阀门Actuator(notshown)（促动器，为表示出来）：也叫喷嘴、喷