动态能力构建_基于离岸软件外包供应商的多案例研究

1311201011JOURNALOFMANAGEMENTSCIENCESINCHINAVo.l13No.11Nov.2010基于离岸软件外包供应商的多案例研究李晓燕1,毛基业2(1.,330022;2.,100872):离岸软件外包产业处于多变和高度不确定性环境,为研究动态能力提供了理想情境.根据国外最近研究进展识别该行业企业动态能力.通过对三个案例的纵向研究,我们发现离岸软件外包供应商的动态能力是个多维度的聚合构念,包括利用企业周边搜索高管个人认知组织机制实现的感知机会和威胁的能力,面向市场的及时决策能力,和包含人力资源开发软件过程改进客户关系管理三个子维度的改变资源基础能力.研究的主要贡献是对离岸软件外包企业动态能力构念的定义和操作化,对外包企业有一定实践参考价值.:动态能力;离岸软件外包;多案例研究:C931.6:A:1007-9807(2010)11-0055-100,,.,,,[1].,.,.,;,,[2].,;,,.,2008.,.,Teece,!∀[3],[4].,.,[5];[6][7][8].,,.:?1(resourcebasedview,RBV),.,RBV:2009-10-18;:2010-03-18.:(70888001).:(1976),,,.Emai:[e-mail],.,.[4].Teece,!∀,[3];!∀.,,!∀;[5].,2007[9],.,,;.[10-11].,,,.,[10,12].Barreto1997,:!,∀[5].,.:,,,,[13].[14].,,,[15];().,,[7-8].,[16].!∀[17]..,[3-4].[4].,,,,[4].Barreto,(),,[5].,.,[15].,Barreto.,,(),[5]..2,[18],:,,,.,,.2.1,2004201056201011,.2008,,:,,.,,!,,,,∀.,,.,,.,20%(),.,2008,,.,,,,,.,.,,[12].,[19].,,,(1).1AC.1Table1Profileofcompaniesstudied(2005-2010)A-90%;;1200-3012(20073000)1995,,,,.,,,.2004,,..,.2007,,:,,,.B-90%,10%();130-100(2007200,)2001,,.,,.,;,.;,.,,.C-90%,10%,,700-46001995,.DOS,,(GoogleAdobeMicrosoftHPSony).,.,,.2003.2008,.2.2.2004,12,5711:.2005,,.,,,(2).,.,.,.,.,,.2007,.,.,.2010(),,.,(),.2Table2ProfileofinformantsA11B11C122.3,.,.,.,,[19].,.,,,.,,.,[18].,,,.,,.,.,,.,.[20].,..3,,.3.1,.[14].,.,C:!#∃,∀.,,.1).,.,58201011,A,,.,.A,!∀.C,.C,.:!#DOS∃#Page∃,DOS,.,%,∀.,2005,C!∀,.!,,.∀,B,.B,!,,,4-6,.[2008],,,∀.2).,.A,:!IT(),,,.∀C!∀!∀!∀.,!.∀,C.,,.,C.,.!,,∀.,B,,.3).,.:(),.,A:!.,,,,.,(#∃)∀.C:![].,.,,45(),5,,;,,#∃,5∀.,!∀.B:!08,,60%,,,,,#∃,∀.3.2[5].,.,5911:,[15].1).A,.:!,.,#∃.,∀.,,,,.A,!∀,!,,.,.,,∀.,,!∀.,C,:!,,,,,,.∀2)..,A,,!,∀.C!,2003,,,,,,.∀.,B!,,,,∀.,,,.3.3[5].,,.,[2].1).,,.,,,,[21].(),.,.B:!,.,..,,,2009,,.,,∀..A:!,,,∀.,,.,.,:(1).,2005,A,.,,.2007.A,,.:!.60201011.,,,,,∀.!,,.,,.,∀.C,.!,,∀.,B,..,,.B,:!,,,,,,,,,,∀.(2)(SCRUM).!,.,,,.,.SCRUM,,,∀.(3),.A:!,,16,,;,,∀.(4),,.,C,!,.,,.,,,∀.,!C∀(&∋).C,A:!,,,.,,∀.2).,,.(CMM)..CMM,.,B,!,,.,∀.CMM,,!bugs.,.[]%.bug,,.,,,∀.,CMM,.A!,.#∃,review,review,,teamleader,,.,∀.,CMM,.,6111:,,,,,.,.CMM.,2002,ACMM2,2006,ISMS(ISO/IEC27001:2005(E));CMM.B2005CMM3,2007.C2006CMM3,2007CMMI4.3).,,.,,.,C,!,,∀.,B:!,,MSN%,,,∀.,,.,A:!,,,,.,,,,,∀.,.,,!CMM,,,,,∀(B).,,,,.,,,,!CMM,,,∀(B).4,,(3).,,..,,,.,,.,A,,.Barreto,???,,,,.,,,,.,.CMM,,..622010113Table3Dimensionsandsubdimensionsofdynamiccapabilities/,.(,.(.(()(,.((!∀(!∀,.(,((,,,:(;(:(;((;(,,.((CMM),;,()(,(,.,,,,.,,,.,,..:[1]CarmelE,TjiaP.OffshoringInformationTechnology:SourcingandOutsourcingtoaGlobalWorkforce[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,2005.6311:[2]JarvenpaaSL,J.Mao.Operationalcapabilitiesdevelopmentinmediatedoffshoresoftwareservicesmodels[J].JournalofInformationTechnology,2008,23(1):3-17.[3]TeeceDJ,PisanoG,ShuenA.Dynamiccapabilitiesandstrategicmanagement[J].StrategicManagementJourna,l1997,18(7):509-533.[4]EisenhardtKM,MartinJA.Dynamiccapabilities:Whatarethey?[J].StrategicManagementJourna,l2000,21(10-11):1105-1121.[5]BarretoI.Dynamiccapabilities:Areviewofpastresearchandanagendaforthefuture[J].JournalofManagement,2010,36(1):256-280.[6]KraatzMS,ZajacEJ.Howorganizationalresourcesaffectstrategicchangeandperformanceinturbulentenvironments:Theoryandevidence[J].OrganizationScience,2001,12(5):632-657.[7]WinterSG.Understandingdynamiccapabilities[J].StrategicManagementJourna,l2003,24(10):991-995.[8]DanneelsE.Organizationalantecedentsofsecondordercompetences[J].StrategicManagementJourna,l2008,29(5):519-543.[9],.[J].,2007,10(1):18-28.WangY,iWuGuisheng.Complextheorybaseddynamiccorecompetenceofcorporation[J].JournalofManagementSciencesinChina,2007,10(1):18-28.(inChinese)[10],,.:[J].,2006,(3):94-103.HeXiaogang,LiXinchun,FangHaiying.Measuringandefficiencyofdynamiccapabilities:Anempiricalstudyinchina.ManagementWorld,2006,(3):94-103.(inChinese)[11],.:[J].,2008,11(6):54-65.CaoHongjun,ZhaoJianbo.Howcandynamiccapabilitiesinfluencefirmperformance?AnempiricalstudybasedonChineseenterprises[J].NankaiBusinessReview,2008,11(6):54-65.[12]KingAW,ZeithamlCP.Measuringorganizationalknowledge:Aconceptualandmethodologicalframework[J].StrategicManagementJourna,l2003,24(8):263-772.[13]SchreyoggG,KlieschEberlM.Howdynamiccanorganizationalcapabilitiesbe?Towardsadualprocessmodelofcapabilitydynamization[J].StrategicManagementJourna,l2007,28:913-933.[14]TeeceDJ.Explicatingdynamiccapabilities:Thenatureandmicrofoundationsof(sustainable)enterpriseperformance[J].StrategicManagementJourna,l2007,28(13):1319-1350.[15]RosenbloomRS.Leadership,capabilities,andtechnologicalchange:ThetransformationofNCRintheelectronicera[J].StrategicManagementJourna,l2000,21(10-11):1083-1103.[16]PriemRL.Aconsumerperspectiveonvaluecreation[J].AcademyofManagementReview,2007,32(1):219-235.[17]NarverJC,SlaterSF.Theeffectofamarketorientationonbusinessprofitability[J].JournalofMarketing,1990,54(4):20-35.[18]EisenhardtKM.Buildingtheoriesfromcasestudyresearch[J].TheAcademyofManagementReview,1989,14(4):532-550.[19]EisenhardtKM,GraebnerME.Theorybuildingfromcases:Opportunitiesandchallenges[J].AcademyofManagementJourna,l2007,50(1):25-32.[20]LeonardBartonD.Adualmethodologyfor