人教版高二英语选修七Unit3-Grammar

RevisethePassiveVoice(2)Learningaims1.Revisethepassivevoiceofv-ing.2.Mastertheformsandthefunctions.3.Beabletousefreelyintheexercises.Canyoufindthefollowingsentenceinthereadingpassage？1IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting.2Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.3Beingbadlywounded,thewhalesoondied.4Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.V-ing形式的被动式语态时态主动形式被动形式一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone一、动词ing被动形式的构成Compare!--V-ing一般时和一般时的被动形式;1)Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindfromtimetotime.2)Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourdormitory.---V-ing的完成时和完成时的被动形式.1)Havinglitacandle,shewentout.2)Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldn’tleave.3)Havingheardthis,ourteacherexpressedhersatisfaction.1．一般式表示被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动作同时发生。2.完成式表示被动的动作发生在谓语动作之前。Summary意义二、V-ing的句法功能1.V-ing形式作主语,此时V-ing形式多表示一般或抽象的重复多次的行为。如:Layingeggsistheantqueen'sfull-timejob.产卵是蚁后的专职工作。Playingwithfireisdangerous.例1:_______isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.ForawalkD.Walk解析动名词作主语通常表示习惯性,泛指经常性的不具体的动作;而不定式作主语则表示一次性的、具体的动作。题中的agoodform又暗示考生,这个动作是泛指的、经常性的。玩火很危险。1._____theexamwilldisappointyourparents.A.YoufailingB.YourfailingC.YoufailD.Youtofail.2._____thesamemistakeagainmadehisparentsveryangry.A.HisbeingmadeB.HehasmadeC.HehadmakingD.HismakingExercises3.Idon'tthinkit'smuchgood_____tohim.A.writingB.towriteC.writeD.written4.Suchbooksarenotworthy_____atall.A.ofbeingreadB.beingreadC.readingD.toread5.Itisnouse________withoutthrough_________.A.toread;understoodB.reading;understandingC.toread;understandD.read;tounderstand动名词复合结构是由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格+v-ing构成,即动名词的逻辑主语用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格表示：Hiscominglatemadetheteacherangry.动名词复合结构在句中作主语,宾语和表格,作主语和表语从句.lcanhardlyimaginepeter's/peterSailingacrosstheAtlanticoceaninfivedays.1._____theexamwilldisappointyourparents.A.YoufailingB.YourfailingC.YoufailD.Youtofail.2._____thesamemistakeagainmadehisparentsveryangry.A.HisbeingmadeB.HehasmadeC.HehadmakingD.HismakingExercises2.作表语(往往表示一种概念，习惯或经验，或说明主语的内容.)☆Teachingislearning.教学相长．☆Myhobbyis______(make)modelplanes.☆Whatworriedthechildmostwas_________________(not,allow)tovisithismotherinthehospital.makingnotbeingallowed3.作宾语V-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。★Wewouldappreciatehearingfromyou．我们会珍惜你的来信。★Thebirdescaped______________(catch).★Ifeellike__________(join)thearmy.★Hewasafraidof______________(abandon)byus.beingcaughtjoiningbeingabandoned注意：在avoid,admit,appreciate,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,putoff,feellike,insiston,insteadof,lookforwardto,objectto,keepon等后只接V-ing形式作宾语。Exercises1.Thethiefenteredtheroomwithout_____.A.noticingB.beingnoticedC.havingnoticedD.havingbeennoticed2.Besides_____,sheiskindandtender.A.beautifulB.beingbeautifulC.shebeautifulD.isbeautiful3.Whenheheardthebignoise,Tomstopped_____and_____tothewindowtoseewhatwashappening.A.toread;wentB.reading;togoC.reading;goingD.reading;went4.Iambusy_____fortheentranceexamination,soIcan’thelp_____houseworkathome.A.preparing;doingB.preparing;todoC.toprepare;doingD.toprepare;todo注意①在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Thiscitydeservesvisiting.这座城市值得光顾一下。Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.这个问题需要认真研究。Thetreeswantwatering.这些树需要浇水了。②在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.Thebookisworthreading.③在allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.Wedon’tallowstudentstosmoke.1.Sorry,wedon’tallow__________inthelectureroom.A.tosmokeB.smokeC.smokingD.tosmoking2..Theydon’tpermit__________noiseher.A.tomakeB.makeC.makingD.made3.Thesentencewants__________oncemore.A.toexplainB.explainingC.beingexplainedD.tobeexplainedit4.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed__________.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatchExercises4.作定语＊Thegirlstandingthereismysister.＊Thisisapieceof__________(surprise)news.＊Theproblem____________(discuss)nowisveryimportant.＊Thefarmers____________(work)inthefieldsaretired.surprisingbeingdiscussedworking5.作状语◆Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.◆Hesatatthetable,__________(read)ChinaDaily.◆______________(ask)toanswerthequestion,shecouldn’trefuse.◆__________(work)hard,youwillsucceed.readingWorkingBeingasked6.作宾语补足语:●Isawpeoplecomingandgoinginthestreet.●Iheardher___________(sing)asonginherroom.●You’llfindthetopic_____________(discuss)everywherenow.beingdiscussedsinging7.在绝大数情况下，句子的逻辑主语是句子的主语，但有时前可有一个名词或代词表示逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的称为独立主格结构。独立主格，首先它是一个“格”，而不是一个“句子”，在英语中任何一个句子都要有主谓结构，而在这个结构中，没有真正的主语和谓语动词，但又在逻辑上构成主谓或主表关系。Themeetingbeingover,wealllefttheroomanddrovehome.会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走了。Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。•独立主格结构是由“主格人称代词或通格+V-ing”构成.Timepermitting,we'llgoouting.如果时间允许,我们就去效游.独立格结构在句中作状语,表示伴随时间,条件,原因,让步,相当于状语从句或并列句.Hehearingthenews,tearsofjoycameintohiseyes.Assoonasheheardthenews,tearsofjoycameintohiseyes.8.有少数并不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度。Generallyspeaking,thenovelisnotveryinspiring.总的来说，这部小说并不感人。Judgingfromwhatyousay,heoughttosucceed.从你说的情况看，他应能成功。Practice1.---WhatmadeBillsoangry?---___.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat