明尼苏达心力衰竭生活质量问卷表

明尼苏达心力衰竭生活质量问卷表@126/blog/static/4736323720081791842272/以下问题是在最近一个月（4周）内，您的心力衰竭（心脏状况）对您生活的影响。阅读完每个问题后，在结果的选项0，1，2，3，4，5上划圈，表明您日常生活受到的影响程度。如果问题不适合您，在0上划圈。Thefollowingquestionsaskhowmuchyourheartfailure(heartcondition)affectedyourlifeduringthepastmonth(4weeks).Aftereachquestion,circlethe0,1,2,3,4or5toshowhowmuchyourlifewasaffected.Ifaquestiondoesnotapplytoyou,circlethe0afterthatquestion.©1986明尼苏达大学评议，版权所有。没有获得许可不许拷贝或复制。LIVINGWITHHEARTFAILURE®是明尼苏达大学注册的商标。©1986RegentsoftheUniversityofMinnesota,Allrightsreserved.Donotcopyorreproducewithoutpermission.LIVINGWITHHEARTFAILURE®isaregisteredtrademarkoftheRegentsoftheUniversityofMinnesota.数据收集和评分说明InstructionsforDataCollectionandScoring：.1.应在被调查者进行其他评定之前完成本表，否则有可能影响调查。你应当告诉被调查者，在你做出医疗评定之前，你希望得到他或她的意见。Patientsshouldrespondtothequestionnairepriortootherassessmentsandinteractionsthatmaybiastheirresponses.Youmighttellthepatientthatyouwouldliketogethisorheropinionbeforedoingyourmedicalassessment.2.应给被调查者足够的时间完成此项调查表。推荐被调查者完成调查表时不受配偶或其他亲属的影响。研究表明他人的干预会影响调查的结果。Ample,uninterruptedtimeshouldbeprovidedforthepatienttocompletethequestionnaire.Werecommendthatthepatientanswerthequestionswithoutbeinginfluencedbyotherssuchastheirspouseorfamilymembers.Studiesshowthatpatientproxiesoftenhavedifferentperspectives.3.我们推荐Werecommendthatyouusethefirstquestiontogivetherespondentmoredetailedinstructionsasfollows.a.仔细阅读调查表的前言。Readtheintroductoryparagraphatthetopofthequestionnaire.b.给被调查者读出“在最近的一个月内，您的心力衰竭对您的生活的影响使您的踝关节或腿出现肿胀？”然后问询被调查者。Readthefirstquestionwiththerespondent–“Didyourheartfailurepreventyoulivingasyouwantedduringthelastmonth(4weeks)bycausingswellinginyouranklesorlegs?”Thentelltherespondent-l如果在最近一个月（4周）内没有踝关节或腿出现肿胀在“0”的选项上画圈。Ifyoudidnothaveanyankleorlegswellingduringthepastmonth(4weeks)youshouldcirclethezero(0)afterthisquestion.l如果出现由于踝关节扭伤或其他原因，导致踝关节或腿出现肿胀确信不是由于心衰引起，在“0”的选项上画圈。Ifyoudidhaveswellingthatwascausedbyasprainedankleorsomeothercausethatyouaresurewasnotrelatedtoheartfailure,youshouldcirclethezero(0)afterthisquestion.l如果肿胀确信是心衰所致，然后根据肿胀的程度和不能做想要做得事情程度和自我感觉程度，即肿胀对被调查者生活的影响程度，在0,1,2,3,4或5上画圈，“0”代表不受影响，“1”代表受到很少的影响，“5”代表受到很大的影响。Ifyouhadswellingthatmightberelatedtoyourheartcondition,thenratehowmuchtheswellingpreventedyoufromdoingthingsyouwantedtodoorfeelingthewayyouwouldliketofeel.Inotherwords,howmuchdidtheswellingaffectyourlife?Circleeitherthe0,1,2,3,4or5toindicatehowmuchtheswellingaffectedyourlifeduringthepastmonth–zero(0)meansnotatall,one(1)meansverylittleandfive(5)verymuch.4.告诉被调查者阅读并回答所有21个问题。如果被调查者口述或身体动作表明不能理解，应直接读给被调查者。Askthepatientreadandrespondtoall21questions.Theentirequestionnairemaybereaddirectlytothepatientifoneiscarefulnottoinfluenceresponsesbyverbalorphysicalcues.5.检查并确认被调查者回答了所有的问题。如果仍有问题没有回答，则在“0”上画圈。确定每个问题只有一个答案。Checktomakesurethepatienthasrespondedtoeachquestion.Ifaquestiondoesnotapplytothepatienttheyshouldcirclethezero(0).Makesurethereisonlyoneanswerclearlymarkedforeachquestion.6.对所有21个问题进行评分。此外，躯体状况评分（条款2,3,4,5,6,7,12,13）和情绪变化的评分(条款17,18,19,20,21)已经被因素分析证实，可以通过简单的合计以进一步评定心衰对被调查者生活的影响。Scorethequestionnairebysummatingtheresponsestoall21questions.Inaddition,aphysicaldimensionscore(items2,3,4,5,6,7,12,13ontheversionsentwiththeseinstructions)andemotionaldimensionscore(items17,18,19,20,21)havebeenidentifiedbyfactoranalysisandmaybescoredbysimplesummationtofurthercharacterizetheeffectofheartfailureonapatient’slife.7.尽可能完成所有的问题，避免数据的丢失，这会使得数据出现偏差和分析复杂化。向被调查者强调在任何不能回答的问题，均在“0”上画圈，而不是空下不填。在任何情况下，在被调查者离开前，再看看问卷表确信没有没回答的问题和所有回答的问题都只有一个答案。Partiallycompletequestionnairesdooccurdespitebesteffortstominimizemissingdata.However,missingdatacangreatlybiasthedataandcomplicateanalysis.Toreiterate,youneedtomakesuretherespondentsunderstandtomarkzeroforanyitemsthatdonotapplytothem,ratherthanleaveablank.Wheneverpossiblereviewthequestionnairebeforetherespondentleavestomakesuretherearenounansweredquestionsorquestionswithmorethanoneanswer.8.有文献提出对丢失的数据进行处理的几个方案1,2。Multipleimputation用于完整的数据分析，应当用其他变量分析预告丢失的数据可能带来的后果3。如果丢失的数据没有归入，该项条款本身应当从被调查者积分中去除。因为间隙的数据丢失能很大的影响被调查者评分的变化，可能会试图通过忽略调查的问题，通过代表被调查者其他时候的状况替代。如果数据丢失过多，我们不推荐再进行分析。Severalmethodstoimputemissingdataarediscussedintheliterature.[1],[2]Multipleimputationusingcompletedquestionsandperhapsotherstudyvariablestopredictmissingresponsesshouldbeconsidered.[3]Ifamissingresponseisnotimputed,theitemwillbeeliminatedfromthatperson’sscore(thesumofresponses).Sinceintermittentlymissingdatacangreatlyaffectwithin-personchangesinscores,youmightwanttousethesamesubsetofquestionstorepresentapersonatalltimesbyomittingquestionsthathavemissingdataatanypointintime.Wedonothaveanyrecommendationsaboutwhenmissingdatabecometooextensivetorendertheinformationbeingcollecteduseless.[1]FayersPMetal.Incompletequalityoflifedatainrandomizedtrails:missingitems.StatisticsinMedicine1998;17:679-696.[2]SchafferJLandGrahamJW.Missingdata:ourviewofthestateoftheart.PsychologicalMethods2002;7:147-177.[3]RaghunathanTE,etal.Amultivariatetechniqueformultiplyimputingmissingvaluesusingasequenceofregressionmodels.SurveyMethodology2001;27:85-95在最近的一个月内，您的心