全英论文中西方寒暄文化的差异

1ComparisoninGreetingBetweenEnglishandChinese中西文化寒暄的区别系别：外国语学院专业班级：商英1141班姓名：陈岸学号：110501424101指导教师：吴玉华完成时间：2013-6-222AbstractPhaticcommunion(greeting)isthemostcommoncommunicationinourdailylifewhichisreallyusefulbecauseitmakesthecommunicationsuccessful.Itisfrequentlyusedasatoolofcommunicationtocreategoodatmosphereandstrengtheninterpersonalrelationships,soastosatisfythecommunicativeneeds.Theculturehasaveryimportantimpactontheusingofgreeting.Referringtomystudy,thepaperintroducesthemeaningofphaticcommunionandmakesacomparisonbetweenChinesephaticcommunionandEnglishphaticcommunion,alsoanalysesthereasonsthatcausethediversity.Throughthecomparativestudy,wecanmakepeoplepaymoreattentiontousingphaticcommunionsuccessfully.KeyWords:Chineseandwesternculture,difference摘要寒暄是我们日常生活中最为常见的沟通方式，因其让我们能成功地交流而显得非常有用。它常作为一种交流工具来营造良好氛围和加强人际关系，本文对比了中西方寒暄语的差异的表现、也分析了其原因，通过这些对比性的研究，可以让人们意识到怎么成功地运用寒暄语。关键词：中西文化,寒暄交谈,差异3ChapterOne:TheMeaningofGreetingPhaticcommunion(greeting)wasfirstproposedbyBronislawMalinowskiinthepaper“TheProblemofMeaninginPrimitiveLanguages”inthe1920s.Duringhisresearchontheethnographictheoryoflanguage,hepaidattentiontotheTrobriandIslanders’magicalformulae.Thewaystheycommunicatedwitheachotherwerenotusedtotellpeopletheneworunknownthings.Peopleonlywantedtokeepintouchwitheachother.Thenhefoundthatcommunicationbetweenpeoplewasnotalwaysforthepurposeofprovidingandhavingtheaccesstocertaininformation,someofthecommunicationsweretoestablishandmaintainsocialcontact.Sohedefinedsuchcommunicationasphaticcommunion.Thatisso-calledgreeting.Greetingisaninformaltypeofdiscoursethatdoesnotcoveranyfunctionaltopicsofconversationoranytransactionsthatneedtobeaddressed.Inspiteofseemingtohavelittleusefulpurpose,itisabondingritualandastrategyformanaginginterpersonaldistanceandservesmanyfunctionsinhelpingtodefinetherelationshipsbetweenfriends,workcolleagues,andnewacquaintances.4ChapterTwo:ComparisoninGreetingBetweenEnglishandChinese2.1DifferenceinDietCultureThegreetingof“havingyoueatenyet?”maybethemostcommonwaytogreetwhenacquaintancesmeet,whichissupposedtobegiventheanswersjust“yes”or“havn’t”brieflyandisaimatthepurposeofcommunication.Infact,theanswersareofnogreatimportance.Buttowesterners,suchagreetingwayisthoughttobewithapurposethatthegreeterisformallyinvitingtheotherpersontoadinner.Justasansayinggoes:“Breadisthestaffoflife.”Chinaisacountrywithtraditionalsmall-scalepeasanteconomy,andeatingisabigeventsoweareusedtosuchagreeting2.2DifferenceinAwarenessofPrivacyInChina,anothercommongreetingisWhereareyougoing?Wherehaveyoubeen?,fairlycommonandcasualgreetings,andthespeakernotreallywantingtoknowit.Onthecontrary,ifyougreetwithawesterner,hewouldfeelembarrassed,andhavingonideaofhowtoanswer.Becausetheyarebeingpryedintopersonalaffairsandtheirheartsalwayswhisperthat:It'snoneofyourbusiness.What’smore,Chineseoftentalkaboutage,incomeandmaritalstatus,whicharesomelimitedsubjectsinwesterncountries,toshowtheirconcernstoothersevenitisthefirsttimetheymet.WesternerstakehighvalueofprivacyandjustasaproverbsaysAman'shomeishiscastle.Goodfencesmakesgoodneighbor.whichmeans:aman'shomeishiscastle.Westernershaveastrongdesireofprotectionandrespectofpersonallife.Pryingintootherpeople'sprivacyisinappropriatebehavior.2.3DifferenceinAttitudestoOldAgeTheyoungeroftencomplimenttheold-agedpeoplethat“Youareatsuchanoldagebutyouarestillingoodhealth!”whentheymeet.Thelatterwouldbeingoodmoodonhearingthewords.ontheotherhand,westernershaveastrongsenseofresentmenttotheword“old”,referringtoan5individualage.especiallywhenyouaddtheword“but”,theymaythinkthat”doyoumeanthatIamsooldthatIshouldnotbeingoodhealth？”inWest,everyonehashisownpersonalityandwanttorealizehispersonalvalue,sotheyrefusetobeoldandnoofhelp.2.4DifferenceinGeographicLocationWesternersarenotsowarmedasChinesethattheyjustgreetbriefly,as“Hello”、“Howareyou？”or“Goodmorning!”、“Goodafternoon!”、“Goodevening!”、Meanwhile,westerners,especiallyEnglishmen,oftenusethesentence“It’safineday，isn’tit?”tohelpstrikeupaconversation.。Thosecoastalregionshaveahumidmildmarineclimate,resultingtothechangeableweather,whichthusbecomeanimportanttopictotalkabout.WhileinChina,thereisanapparentchangeinthefourseasonssowedonotliketotalkaboutweather2.5DifferenceinResponsetoPraiseAnotherdifferencereflectsintheoppositewaystorespondtoother’spraise.Westernerswouldliketocomplimentothers,especiallygentlementoladies.Forexample,“Youaresoprettytoday!”oreven“Youaresosexy!”isverycommon.Praisingother’sability,dressaswellasappearanceisconsideredpoliteandwell-educated.Thereceiveralwaysfeelsgladtobecommended,saying“thankyou!”toshowtheirjoyfulness.Whensomeonebelieveshehasrealizedself-valueoflife,hethinkshedeservestheacclaimhehasreceived.Nevertheless,inChineseculture,modestyisakindofvirtuesowewillresponsethat“where,where.”or“Oh,it'snothing!Youareflatteringme.”toshowourhumility.6ChapterThree:SuggestedCounter-measuresHowtodealwiththosedifferenceingreetingbetweenEnglishandChinese?Varitiesinculturebackgroundandgeographiclocationleadtodifferenceingreeting.Therefore,betterunderstandingofphaticcommu