实用阶梯英语写作教程课件unit-5-Comparison-and-Contrast

Unit5:ParagraphDevelopment—Comparison&ContrastObjectives•Studentsareexpectedto1.beabletonotedownimportantinformationfromoralcommunicationsinwell-formedEnglish(sentence-levelwriting)2.havesomebasicknowledgeaboutparagraphdevelopmentbycomparisonandcontrast3.beabletowritecomparisonandcontrastparagraphsWarm-upActivity:DifferentschoollivesYouhavebeenstudyingincollegeforafewweeks.Whatdifferencesdoyoufindbetweencollegeandhighschoollife?Whataboutyourclassmates?1.Listthedifferencesbetweenhighschoollifeandcollegelifeinsomedetail.2.Tellyourclassmateswhatyoulikeabouthighschoolandcollege.3.Categorizethemaindifferencesandwriteamini-essay.DifferencesinHighSchoolLifeandCollegeLife•HighSchoolLife•busywithalotofhomework•dependenceonteachers•Teacher-guidedlearning•moretestsandexaminations•...•CollegeLife•morefreedom•moreindependence•moreactivities•lesshomework•lessexaminations•Self-conductedlearning•...ThingsILikeaboutHighSchoolLifeandCollegeLife•Highschoollife•Ilikebeingbusyallthetime.•Ilikestudyingunderpressuretoforcemyselftoworkdiligently.•Ilikedependingonteacherstogetcorrectanswers.•...•Collegelife•Ilikeattendingassociations.•Ilikehavingalotoftimetodevelopmyhobbies.•Ilikelivingoncampus,farawayfromhome.•…•Whatiscomparison/contrast?•Comparison/Contrastisamethodofdevelopingaparagraphoranessay.Comparisonshowssimilaritywhilecontrastshowsdifference.Thewordcomparisonissometimesusedtomeanbothcomparisonandcontrast.Basicinformationaboutcomparison&contrast•Whatiscomparison/contrastusedfor?•Toclarifysomethingunknownornotwellunderstood.•Toleadtoanewwayofviewingsomethingfamiliar.•Tobringoneorbothofthesubjectsintosharperfocus.•Toshowthatonesubjectisbetterthantheother.Comparison/contrastcanbeorganizedinsubjectbysubject,pointbypointormixedsequence.•Comparethingsthathavesomethingincommon.•Stateyourpurposeinthetopicsentence.•Sticktothecomparison/contrastpatternyouchoose.•Selectsignificantpointsforcomparison/contrastthatrevealimportantratherthantrivialsimilarities/differences.•Dealequallywithbothsubjects.Howtowriteagoodcomparison/contrastessayTransitionsforcomparison&contrast•Forsimilarity:•both•like•as•thesame•too/also•similarly•likewise•inlikemanner•atthesametime•inthesameway•Forcontrast:•unlikeratherwhereas/while•although/though/eventhough•but(neverusethough…but…)•yethowevernevertheless•insteadincontrast•ontheonehand…ontheotherhand…•onthecontrarytothecontrary•theoppositeofconversely•inspiteofthis/thatSomesampleexpressionsforcomparison•IncommonwithA,Bprefersmeattofish.•AresemblesBinthatAisalsointerestedincollectingstamps.•JustasAlikestobequiet,Blikestostayalone.•LikeA,Blikesoutdoorsports.•Alikesswimming.ThesamewithA,Balsolikesswimming.•AandBarethesameinthattheybothlikeswimminginthesea.•AandBhavethesameinterests.•Alikesswimminginapond;similarly,Blikesswimminginthesea.•BothAandBhavelonghair.•Alikesfishing.Blikesfishing,too.•Alikesswimming,sodoesB.Somesampleexpressionsforcontrast:•UnlikeA,Blikesoutdoorsports.•IncontrasttoA,Blikesoutdoorsports.•DifferentfromA,Blikesoutdoorsports.•ContrarytoA,Blikesoutdoorsports.•AsopposedtoA,Blikesoutdoorsports.•AisdifferentfromBinthatBlikesoutdoorsports.•AdiffersfromBinthatBlikesoutdoorsports.•AcontrastswithBinthatBlikesoutdoorsports.•Alikesindooractivities;however/incontrast/bycontrast/ontheotherhand,Blikesoutdoorsports.•Alikesindooractivities;B,however,likesoutdoorsports.•Alikesindooractivities,butBlikesoutdoorsports.•Alikesindooractivities,whereas/whileBlikesoutdoorsports.•AisnotasactiveasB.•Aismore/lessactivethanB.Comparison/ContrastPatternsUsedinReferenceReading•1.Similarity—pointbypoint•2.Contrast—pointbypoint•3.Contrast—subjectbysubject•4.Contrast—pointbypoint•5.Contrast—subjectandsubject•6.Contrast—pointbypointWritingPractice•1.ReadpassagesaboutTaichiandjoggingandlisttheiradvantagesrespectively.•2.Discusswithclassmatesandlistthedifferencesbetweenteamsportsandindividualsports.•3.Workingrouptocomparethestrengthsandweaknessesofeachapplicantanddecidewhichonewouldbemorelikelytogetthepositionofexecutivesecretary.•4.Compareyourfriendsfromvariousaspectsandwritethemdown.ReferenceofPractice1:AdvantagesofTaichi&Jogging•Taichi•A.Littlefacilitiesarerequired.•B.Specialequipmentisnotnecessary.•C.Itcanbepracticealone.•D.Itcanbedoneinanyplace•E.Itisnotahardexercise.•Jogging•A.Itisveryeasytodo.•B.Noexpensiveequipmentisneeded.•C.Notmuchlearningisrequired.•D.Itcanbedonealone.•E.Itcanbepracticedanytime,anywhere.WritingTask•Writeacomparisonorcontrastparagraphof60-80wordsonanyofthefollowingtopics.•1.Twoofmyteachers/friends•2.Livingoncampusvs.livingathome•3.Myhometown,todayandyesterday•4.Teacher-ledlearningandself-learningTheEndThankyou!