专业四级词汇语法详解40套

专业四级词汇、语法详解40套（1）TestOne集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police,people,cattle,militia,poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domesticcattleprovideuswithmilk,beefandhides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：AllthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinChina.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience,committee,class,crew,family,public,government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。Thecitycouncilismeetingtosetitsagenda.4)acommittee,etc.of+复数名词如果主语是由“acommitteeof/apanelof/aboardof+复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：Acommitteeoffivemenandthreewomenistoconsiderthematter.近义词辨析?tired,exhausted,fatigued,weary,worn-out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henrywassotiredthathewenttobedimmediatelyafterhegothome.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了.exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。Theexhaustedengineerfellasleeponthebus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。fatigued所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。Hefeltfatiguedanddidn’twanttosayasingleword.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。weary语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。Afteralongandwearywait,theplanefinallycametotakethemback.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。worn?out这个词不太正式，多用于口语。Thetroopswereworn?outafterwinningthebattle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。全真模拟试题?1.Although?____?Spanish,heattendedthecourse.A.hewasknowingB.heisknowingC.havingaknowledgeofD.knows2.You?____?thatlettertoJames.However,youdidn’t.A.oughttowriteB.oughttohavewrittenC.shouldwriteD.shouldbewriting3.Josephwasverylucky?____?withhislife;healmostdidnotgetoutoftheroom.A.toescapeB.tohaveescapedC.toescapingD.tobeescaping4.Breadandbutter?____?likedbyWesterners.A.isB.areC.wereD.be5.Thebackgardenofourhousecontainsalawn,?____?verypleasanttositoninsummer.A.whichisB.whichitisC.itisD.whereitis6.Hesetupinbusiness?____?hisownandwasverysuccessful.A.inB.ofC.onD.by7.John’sscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he?____lastnight.A.muststudyB.shouldhavestudiedC.musthavestudiedD.issuretostudy8.Frankalmostneverreceivedanyeducation,?____?A.wouldheB.didheC.didn’theD.wouldn’the9.Evenifhisletter?____?tomorrow,it?____?toolatetodoanything.A.willarrive...isB.shouldarrive...wereC.arrives...willbeD.arrives...wouldbe10.Wecanhear?____?fromthebackoftheroom.A.justasgoodB.justaseasyC.justaswellD.easilyaswell11.Toobtainasatisfactoryresult,onemustapplytwo?____?ofpaintonacleansurface.A.coatsB.levelsC.timesD.courses12.Thesmallmountainvillagewas?____?bythesnowformorethanonemonth.A.cutbackB.cutoutC.cutoffD.cutaway13.MissGreenwas?____?$100fordrivingafterdrinking.A.finedB.chargedC.punishedD.posed14.Modern?____?perhapscausesmoreproblemsthanitsolves.A.techniqueB.technologyC.tacticsD.tendency15.Marytiptoedoverandtooktheclockawaybecauseshehatedtohearit?____?whenshewastryingtogotosleep.A.soundingB.ringingC.tickingD.humming16.Underthis?____?pressuresomeoftherocksevenbecameliquid.?A.intensiveB.weightyC.intenseD.bulky17.Ofcourse,mostimmigrantsdidnotgetrichovernight,butthe?____?ofthemwereeventuallyabletoimproveupontheirformerstandardofliving.A.maximumB.minorityC.majorityD.minimum18.Nancywassurprisedthattheyhave?____?.Theyseemedtobeahappycouple.A.splitupB.brokendownC.fallenthroughD.knockedout19.Thebeachisinanideal?____?todrawtourists.A.conditionB.situationC.stateD.publicity20.Our?____?sensitivitydecreaseswithage.Byage60,mostpeoplehavelost40percentoftheirabilitytosmelland50percentoftheirtastebuds.A.sensibleB.senselessC.sensitiveD.sensory21.Theeldestchildisthoroughly?____?becausetheyalwaysgivehimwhateverhewantsA.wastedB.spoiledC.destroyedD.uneducated22.Ifasubstanceisdissolvedinwaterorheated,itmay?____?agas.A.giveintoB.giveoverC.giveoffD.giveaway23.HismannerwassopleasantthatBollafeltat?____?withhimatonce.A.peaceB.largeC.easeD.best24.—Canyoutakethedayofftomorrow?—Well,I’llhavetoget?____?frommyboss.A.permissionB.permitC.allowanceD.possession25.The?____?inJanet’scharacterhashinderedherfromadvancementinhercareer.A.weaknessB.meritC.defectD.shortcoming试题答案与解析1.C)【句意】虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。【难点】know是静态动词，不能用于进行时；选knows从句中又缺少主语。knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加“a”，常用于词组haveaknowledgeof中，所以选C)。2.B)【句意】你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。【难点】oughttohavewritten是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。3.B)【句意】约瑟夫幸运地逃了性命；他险些没从房间里逃出来。【难点】tohaveescaped是不定式的完成式，表示过去的某一动作业已完成。4.A)【句意】黄油面包受西方人青睐。【难点】breadandbutter是西方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。5.A)【句意】我家的后花园有一片草坪，夏天坐在上面会令你心旷神怡。【难点】which引出非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，且和siton构成动宾关系。类似的句子有：Thisroomiscomfortabletolivein这句中livein和thisroom构成动宾关系。6.C)【句意】他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。【难点】onone’sown是个常用的介词词组，意为“独自”；ofone’sown表示“某人自己的(东西)”，如：Ihaveaflatofmyown.我自己有套房子。7.C)【句意】约翰的考试分数全班最高；他昨天晚上一定学习了。【难点】表示对过去某一动作行为的猜测须要用musthavedone这一句型结构。8.B)【句意】弗兰克几乎从未受过任何教育，是不是?【难点】这是一句含有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为否定形式，所以反意问句用肯定形式。9.C)【句意】即使他的信明天到也无济于事了。【难点】在条件句中表示现在将来的时间，需要用一般现在时，主句中使用将来时。10.C)【句意】我们在房间的后面也能听得很清楚。【难点】aswell意为“(程度)同样地好”，是副词短语修饰动词hear；just表示程度，意为“刚好”。11.A)【句意】为获得一个满意的结果，你必须在一个干净的表面上涂两层油漆。【难点】coat意为“覆盖物，层”;level意为“(建筑物)楼层”;times意为“次，回”;courses意为“(一层)砖面；一排”。12.C)【句意】这个小山村被大雪封住达一个多月。【难点】cutback意为“削减；缩减”;cutout意为“停止；切下”;cutoff意为“切断；使隔断”;cutaway意为“切除；砍掉”。13.A)【句意】格林小姐因酒后驾车被罚100美元。【难点】fine意为“处…以罚金”;charge意为“要(价)，收(费)，要(人)支付(钱)”;punish意为“罚，惩罚”;pose意为“造成，引起(困难)”。14.B)【句意】现代技术所引发的问题也许比它所能解决的