戴明走出危机-Dr-Demming-Out-of-the-Crisis

MartinJulReboot11,June25,2009OutoftheCrisisHowWouldYouRebuildaCountry?W.E.DemingHands-onAction“IwouldhavegravereservationsaboutourabilitytorebuildJapan’sindustryifourengineerswereofthetypewhocouldsitdowntotaketheirmealswithouteverhavingtowashtheirhands.”KiichiroToyoda(source:J.Liker,TheToyotaWay,2004,p.18)KeyConcepts• Long-TermThinking• FocusonDoingtheRightThings• CreateValuebyDevelopingPeopleandPartners• DriveLearningbyContinuouslySolvingRootProblemsActionLeverageLearningPatienceFundamentalChainReaction(1950)QualityProductivityMarketshareJobsCosts• lessrework• fewermistakes• fewerdelays• betteruseoftimeandmaterials• betterquality• lowerpriceSustainabilityandLong-TermThinking1.Createconstancyofpurposetowardimprovementofproductandservice,withtheaimtobecomecompetitiveandstayinbusiness,andtoprovidejobs.JobsLong-TermThinkingCompetitivenessPhilosophyBetheChangeYouWishtoSee2.Adoptthenewphilosophy.Weareinaneweconomicage.Westernmanagementmustawakentothechallenge,mustlearntheirresponsibilities,andtakeonleadershipforchange.ImprovementRespectforPeopleLearningLong-TermThinkingBethechange…GandhiBuildQualityIn3.Ceasedependenceoninspectiontoachievequality.Eliminatetheneedforinspectiononamassbasisbybuildingqualityintotheproductinthefirstplace.DesignProduceInspectRepairInputsBuildonTrustandRespectforPeople4.Endthepracticeofawardingbusinessonthebasisofpricetag.Instead,minimizetotalcost.Movetowardsasinglesupplierforanyoneitem,onalong-termrelationshipofloyaltyandtrust.CollaborationTransparencyTrustOptimizethewholeLearnandImproveContinuously5.Improveconstantlyandforeverthesystemofproductionandservice,toimprovequalityandproductivity,andthusconstantlydecreasecost.ProcessesInputsOutputsPractise!6.Institutetrainingonthejob.Iftheworkerhasnotlearned,theinstructorhasnottaughtHowtoevaluateandimproveyourworkandprocessesPeoplemustbetreatedasindividualsEliminate,Combine,RearrangeorSimplifyImproveSafety,Quality,QuantityandCostProcessbreakdown,KeyPointsandreasons,CoachingCollaborativeLeadership7.Instituteleadership.Theaimofsupervisionshouldbetohelppeopleandmachinesandgadgetstodoabetterjob.Supervisionofmanagementisinneedofoverhaul,aswellassupervisionofproductionworkers.Managersplan,workersdoDE-COMMODITIZEworkersF.W.Taylor,(ScientificManagement)EliminateFear8.Driveoutfear,sothateveryonemayworkeffectivelyforthecompany.Transparency/ObjectiveDataBetterKnowledgeImprovementRespectforpeopleFocusonthesystemnotthepeopleCollaborateAcrossTheDepartments9.Breakdownbarriersbetweendepartments.Peopleinresearch,design,sales,andproductionmustworkasateam,toforeseeproblemsofproductionandinusethatmaybeencounteredwiththeproductorservice.TeamworkCustomerValueOptimizethewholeProcessFocusTheworkerisnottheproblem.Theproblemisatthetop!Management!RespectforPeople10.Eliminateslogans,exhortations,andtargetsfortheworkforceaskingforzerodefectsandnewlevelsofproductivity.Suchexhortationsonlycreateadversarialrelationships,asthebulkofthecausesoflowqualityandlowproductivitybelongtothesystemandthusliebeyondthepoweroftheworkforce.RemovetheCAUSEoftheproblemBuildonIntrinsicMotivation11.a.Eliminateworkstandards(quotas)onthefactoryfloor.Substituteleadership.b.Eliminatemanagementbyobjective.Eliminatemanagementbynumbers,numericalgoals.Substituteworkmanship.PredictiveTHEORYThemostimportantthingscannotbemeasuredInstrinsicmotivationProcessFocusLetEveryoneDoaGoodJob12.a.Removebarriersthatrobthehourlyworkerofhisrighttoprideofworkmanship.Theresponsibilityofsupervisorsmustbechangedfromsheernumberstoquality.b.Removebarriersthatrobpeopleinmanagementandinengineeringoftheirrighttoprideofworkmanship.Thismeans,interalia,abolishmentoftheannualormeritratingandofmanagementbyobjective.InstrinsicmotivationKeepLearning13.Instituteavigorousprogramofeducationandself-improvement.JobsLong-TermThinkingCompetitivenessPhilosophyEveryone’sContributionCounts14.Puteveryoneinthecompanytoworktoaccomplishthetransformation.Thetransformationiseveryone'swork.-TWImanual,WW2RespectandTeamworkLeverageallcapabilitiesSummaryProblemSolvingLearningandImprovementPeopleandPartnersRespect,ChallengeandGrowThemProcessEliminateWastePhilosophyLong-TermThinkingFromDatatoKnowledgeChallengeImprovementRespectandTeamworkAMessageFromPabloContactInfoWorkMartinJul|[e-mail]|