华慧上海交通大学2012年考博英语真题阅读理解第五篇试题及参考答案

华慧考博—考博第一品牌华慧网：4006224468第1页共4页上海交通大学2012年考博英语真题阅读理解试题及参考答案(Five)PassageFivePlayingviolentvideogamescanhaveimmediateandlastingeffectsonaperson’sthoughtsandbehavior,newresearchshow.Infact,researchersreportthattheinteractiveandincreasinglygraphicmatureofsomevideogamesmakesthem“potentiallymoredangerous”thanviolence-chargedtelevisionandmovies.PsychologistsAndersonandDillconductedtwostudies.Inonestudyof227collegestudents,theinvestigatorsfoundthatstudentswhomorefrequentlyplayedviolentvideogamesduringjuniorhighandhighschoolweremorelikelytohaveengagedin“aggressivebehavior”.Asecondstudyinwhich210collegestudentsplayedeitheraviolentornon-violentvideogamerevealedthattheviolence-packedgameincreasedsubjects’aggressionimmediatelyafterwards.Inthefirststudy,theinvestigatorsquestionedstudentsontheirnaturallevelsofaggressionandirritability,andtheirdelinquent(犯法的）behavior---forinstancewhethertheyhadbitotherstudentsinthepastyear.Theinvestigatorsfoundthatstudentswithaggressivepersonalitiesandthosewhomoreoftenplayedviolentvideogamesweremorepronetoreal-lifeaggression.Studentswhoconsideredthemselvesaggressivewerealsomorelikelytoplayvioletvideogames.Sinceaggressivepeoplemayseekoutvioletgames,comingtotheconclusionthatthevideogamescausedreal-lifedelinquencyistoorisky.However,thesecondstudylinedvideo-gameviolencewithimmediateincreasesinaggression.AndersonandDillhadstudentsplayeitheraviolentgameoranonviolentgameandletthestudentsbelievetheywereplayingagainstanopponentinanotherroomaftercompletingthevideogame,participantsplayedacompetitive-reactiongamewiththeirimaginaryopponents,inthisgamethewinnerwasallowedtopublishtheloserwithanoiseblast(响亮的噪音).Theresearchersfoundthatstudentswhowerefreshfromtheviolentvideogameblastedtheiropponentslongerthanthosewhoplayedthenonviolentgame.Becausevideogamesshowshort-termandlong-termeffects,AndersonandDillsupposethatvideo-gameviolenceinfluencesbehaviornotbyarousingaggressivefeelings,butbyteachingplayerstofind“aggressivesolutions”toproblems.UnlikeTV,manyvideogamesdemandthatplayeridentifywiththeaggressorandactivelyparticipateinviolence.61.Accordingtothepassage,violentvideogamesmaybemore华慧考博—考博第一品牌华慧网：4006224468第2页共4页dangerousthanviolentmoviesorTVprogramsbecausevideogames__________.A.tendtobemoreviolentB.laymoreemphasisonviolentactsC.requireactiveinvolvementofplayersD.arouseaggressivefeelingsmorequickly62.Thepurposeofthefirststudywastotrytoestablishacauseeffectrelationshipbetween__________.A.aggressivepersonalityandreal-lifeviolenceB.violentbehaviorinthepastandviolentbehavioratpresentC.aggressivepersonalityandmoreinvolvementinplayingviolentvideogamesD.moreinvolvementinplayingvioletvideogamesandaggressivebehavior63.Inordertofindouttheshort-termeffectofviolentvideogame,researcher__________.A.askedgameplayerstoblasttheloserintheviolentvideogamesB.observedthebehaviorofgameplayerswhenplayingviolentvideogamesC.putgameplayersintoarealfightinasmallroomwithaggressiveopponentsD.observedgameplayers’reactiontotheirimaginaryopponentsincompetitivegames64.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?A.Violentvideogamesarouseaggressivefeelingingameplayers.B.Violentvideogamesinevitablyresultindelinquentbehaviorofgameplayers.C.Violentvideogamesteachplayerstosolveproblemsinanaggressiveways.D.Violentvideogameshaveshorttermsandlong-termeffectongameplayers.65.Thisbesttitleofthepassagecanbe__________.A.EffectsofViolentVideoGamesB.VideoGamesIncreaseCrimesC.VideoGamesandPsychologyNewResearchFindingsofVideoGames.参考答案解析PassageFive【文章大意】本文主要讲述了暴力游戏带来的影响。暴力游戏需要人主动参与，因而，它比暴力电视，电影更危险。为了研究暴力游戏对人的行为的华慧考博—考博第一品牌华慧网：4006224468第3页共4页影响，研究人员做出了两组研究。研究表明，暴力游戏会影响人在现实生活中的行为，会使人即时产生攻击性。研究者认为，暴力游戏是通过教授人暴力的处事方式来影响人的行为的。【答案与解析】61.C【解析】细节判断题。定位于第1段。文中提到，玩暴力游戏会对人想法和行为产生即时和持久的影响。暴力游戏的互动型和不断增加的主动性会使它比暴力电视，暴力电影更危险，可直接选出选项C。选项A，B，D的说法不准确，排除。62.A【解析】细节判断题。定位于第3段。文中提到，带侵略性的性格和常打暴力游戏的学生在现实生活中有可能有暴力倾向。可以选出选项A。选项B和C，体现的不是因果关系。选项D，说法不正确。63.D【解析】细节判断题。定位于第4段。文中提到，研究人员让学生玩暴力游戏后，在一个小房间里，与一个假想对手对战，胜利者可以大声公布并指出对手。研究者们则对观察他们的行为。可以直接选出选项D。选项A，B，C，表述错误。64.A【解析】细节判断题。定位于最后1段。文中提到，暴力游戏影响行为，并不是激发人的侵略性格，而是教会人用暴力的方式处理事情。可直接选出选项A。选项B，C，D的表述是正确的。65.A【解析】主旨大意题。结合文章大意可知，文章主要讲述的是暴力游戏的影响。选项B，C，D不是全文的侧重点，排除。【长句难句剖析】1.Inonestudyof227collegestudents,theinvestigatorsfoundthatstudentswhomorefrequentlyplayedviolentvideogamesduringjuniorhighandhighschoolweremorelikelytohaveengagedin“aggressivebehavior”.【参考译文】在对227名大学生的研究中，调查员们发现，在大学低年级和高中时常常玩暴力游戏的学生更有可能产生“攻击性行为”【分析】句子的框架是：theinvestigatorsfoundthat…。That引导宾语从句。宾语从句中有who引导的定语从句修饰students。翻译时，注意分清句子的主干部分，和内在的逻辑联系。violent华慧考博—考博第一品牌华慧网：4006224468第4页共4页videogames“暴力游戏”。juniorhigh“大学低年级”。engagein“参与，从事”。2.Theresearchersfoundthatstudentswhowerefreshfromtheviolentvideogameblastedtheiropponentslongerthanthosewhoplayedthenonviolentgame.【参考译文】研究人员发现刚玩过暴力游戏的学生比玩非暴力游戏的学生对对手嚎叫的时间更长。【分析】句子的框架是：Theresearchersfoundthat…。That引导宾语从句。宾语从句中有who引导的定语从句修饰students。Than作连词。翻译时，注意分清句子的主干部分，和内在的逻辑联系。nonviolentgame“非暴力游戏”。3.Becausevideogamesshowshort-termandlong-termeffects