“农民工”制度安排与身份认同3

3E2,2004,:,:04JJDZH0042003,20041030,:,P,,,,:():,,,20,:,19781719%,199328%,4015%,,(),,,12,,,,911©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,:,?()(urban2citizenship),citizenship,P,,citizen,civilsociety,,;(,2001;,2004),,(),,urban2citizen,,citizenshipP,civilrightscitizenshipcivilrights(),citizenshipP(,2003),citizenship,,(,rural2urbanmigration)0212005.3,©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,citizenship,(unrootednoncitizen)(Solinger,1999:1),,,(,2003a:;2004),,,,,,,,(nonurbancitizen),,//,/,/(),(),citizenship121:,citizenship,,citizenship,©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.(rights)(identity),citizenship(statusofcitizenship),citizenship(legaldimension),citizenship(feelingofcitizenship),citizenship(psychologicaldimension),,:,,,,,,,,P,(),:50,,(),,,70,,,,,,2212005.31951,;1955,,;1958,(LehningB.Percy)(DerekHeater),,2002©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,;,,,,1985,(),(),,,,,,,,:,,,,321:200411,40,,,,,,,()20052,,,,,,(,2005)©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.(,2000:5;,2000:2),(,2000:5),,,,,,,,,,,,,(caste),,,(),,,,,,;,,():P4212005.3,,(,1997)©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,:;,;,(),,,,:,,,,,,,,P,,P,,,:,,521:,,,,,,,,20031([2003]1)©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,P,,,;,,380,600,,,():(,)(,)(P,)(,):(,)(,,,,200495)6212005.3200111,,,20038,,,20048,2004,,/©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.(,,)P(,,P)(,,20036)(,2002620049)200410,,,,,,,,,,,(),:101,,10,7;,6,721:,;,;()();;;1616,;,;,©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.4,,,107,,,,,,:PP,,,,,,P()(identity),:,,,,,,,20,,:,8212005.3©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,()(),(),(,2003b:201),(outsiders),,,,,(IactbecauseofwhoIam),(thepoliticsofidentity)(Somers&Gibson,1994):(),,,,,(),20,,(universality)(category)(Somers&Gibson,1994),,50,,,P,80,921::(,2003a:194-198),,(,2003),,,,,©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,80,,,,,80,,,,,(),,,,20,,(),,,,,,,,;();,,0312005.3©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,??,,,P,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,:,,,,,,,,131:()P,©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,:,2002,,()1031,()0912086,2004,,822,2003a,52,:,2003b,,:,2004,NEWS.SOHU.COM,1118,:,2000,,2,2005,,,224,2003,(,),2004,(,),1997,,:,2003,:,,2,2004,,(http:PP),2004,,http:PP(),(http:PP),810,2000,,5Goldman,Merle&ElizabethJ.Perry(eds.)2002,ChangingMeaningsofCitizenshipinModernChina.Cambridge,Massachusetts&London,England:HarvardUniversityPress.Solinger,DorothyJ.1999,ContestingCitizenshipinUrbanChina:PeasantMigrants,theState,andtheLogicoftheMarket.Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress.2003,StateTransitionsandCitizenshipShiftsinChina.CenterfortheStudyofDemocracy(UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine).Somers,MargaretR.&GloriaD.Gibson1994,ReclaimingtheEpistemologicalOther:NarrativeandtheSocialConstitutionofIdentity.SocialTheoryandthePoliticsofIdentity,(ed.)byCraigJ.Calhoun.U.K.,USA:Blackwell:OxfordPCambridge.::2312005.3©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.ZhengGuanghuai99Abstract:Atpresent,variouskindsoflegalprotectionsandpolicysystemsformigrantworkersaremoreandmoreperfect,butmigrantworkers,especiallyinjuredmigrantworkersarestillmiserable.Byfocusingontheprocessofsafeguardingtherightsofinjuredmigrantworkersthispaperhasdiscoveredthatthereisanotherprocessthatiscompletelyoppositetotheempowermentinpractice.Thereisaprocessofde2powerment.De2powermentreferstothefactthatalthoughtheempoweredgroupclaimedontheirrightsnominally,theygetcaughtintoacompletelyoppositeprocessoflegalizeddeprivationinthepracticalprocessofstrugglingfortheirownrightsandinterests.Theconceptoflegalizeddeprivationtakesontheformsofinstitutionalinterlinkintheoperationofinstitutionalpractice.Thepresentresearchhasanalyzedfourtypesofinstitutionalinterlinks,whicharefoundintheoperatingprocess,includingdelegitimation,increaseofthecostofsafeguardingrights,thealternativeusageofinstitutionsandtheweakeningofsocialsupport.Peasant2labor:SystemandidentityChenYingfang119Abstract:Beginningwiththeconceptofurban2citizenship,thisresearchexploredthesystematicbackgroundandthemechanismofidentityconstructionwhichrural2urbanmigrantsbecamenon2urban2citizens.Theauthorproposedthatthegovernmentsneedfortheexistinghouseholdregistrationsystemservedasacontextinwhichtheexistinghouseholdregistrationandpeasant2laborsystemhadbeenmaintainedfordecades.However,thecentralgovernmentsstrategyoftransferringpowerandresponsibilitytoalowerlevelandthelocalgovernmentsorientationsofprotectingtheirowninterestsdidnotcontributeanypracticalsolutionforproblemsrelevanttopeasant2laborsrightsandinterests.Moreover,theconstructionandthehighendorsementofpeasant2laboridentity,whichwasregardedasthethirdidentityinthesocietyofChina,notonlyformedthelegitimatefoundationo