人教版英语八年级下册短语句型及语法总结

1AllRightsReserved!CopyrightbyTerryLee.人教版英语八年级下册知识点总结CopyrightbyTerryLee.Allrightsreserved!Unit1What’sthematter?p1.talktoomuch说太多的话；谈论太多1p2.liedown躺下2p3.havearest=takearest=rest休息2p4.hotteawithhoney加有蜂蜜的热茶2p5.seeadentist=gotothedentist看牙医2p6.getanX-ray做X光检查2p7.takeone’stemperature量体温2p8.cutoneself割着自己2p9.putsomemedicineonit.在它上面放上药2p10.allweekend整个周末2类似：allday整天allnight整夜allyear整年allmorning整个早上(all加时段时常无the)p11.inthesameway以同样的方式(方法)2p12.forlong长久地=foralongtime2p13.at9:00a.m.yesterday在昨天上午九点3p14.(take)theNo.26bus乘26路公交车=(take)busNo.263p15.onthesideof…在……的一边上3p16.shoutforhelp求救3p17.withoutthinkingtwice毫不犹豫3p18.getoff下车geton上车3p19.haveaheartproblem有心脏病3p20.gotothehospital去医院(看病)3=seeadoctor=gotothe/adoctorp21.takesbtothehospital带某人去医院3p22.expect(sb)todosth期待(某人)做某事3p23.waitforthenextbus等下趟车3(wait是不及物，需加for再跟宾语)p24.toone’ssurprise，…令某人惊讶的是，……3p25.agreetodosth同意做某事3p26.thanksto…,多亏了……，3p27.intime及时(ontime准时)3p28.thinkabout考虑3p29.rightaway=atonce立刻，马上3p30.getintotrouble陷入困境3p31.getsomesleep得到一些睡眠4p32.hurt/cutoneself伤/割了自己4p33.putabandageonthecut用绷带包扎伤口5p34.runthecutunderwater用水清洗伤口5p35.gethit/gethurt/getsunburned/getkilled6受到撞击/受伤/被晒伤/被杀死（get+动过分表被动）p36.haveproblemsbreathing呼吸有困难6（见g7）p37.beinterestedinsth/doingsth对（做）某事感兴趣6p38.(go)mountainclimbing爬山/(go)bicycleriding骑车兜风6（名+动ing,表运动项目，用此结构）p39.ina…situation处于……的局面/状况6p40.byoneself依靠自己；独自（by可省略）6p41.usesthtodosth用某物做某事6p42.climbdown…爬下……6p43.betweenarockandahardplace6左右为难，处于两难境地，进退两难p44.tellof/aboutsth,谈及某事，告诉有关……的情况6p45.theimportanceofsth/doingsth(做)某事的重要性6p46.beincontrolof…掌管，管理6p47.keepondoingsth=keepdoingsth继续做某事6p48.meanlifeordeath意味着生存或死亡6========================================================s1.What’sthematter(withyou)你怎么啦？1=What’sthetrouble(withyou)?=What’syourtrouble?=What’swrong(withyou)?答语常用Ihavea/an+疾病：Ihaveafever.我发烧了。Ihaveatoothache.我牙疼。Ihaveaheadache.我头疼。Ihavea(bad)cold.我感冒了。（有时可用catchacold）Ihaveastomachache.我胃疼。Ihaveacough.我咳嗽。Ihaveasoreback.我背疼。Ihaveasorethroat.我喉咙疼。s2.AreyouOK?你好吗？/你没事吧？2s3.Whatshould/can/shallIdo?我该怎么办？2s4.ShouldItakemytemperature?我该量体温吗？2s5.Itdoesn’tsoundlikeyouhaveafever.2听起来好像你没有发烧。（见g1）s6.Whatdidyoudoonweekend?你在周末干什么了？2s7.Youneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.2你需要远离电脑多休息。s8.Youshouldliedownandrest.你应该躺下休息。2s5.Didyouhurtyourselfplayingsoccer?4你踢球时伤了自己吗？s6.Whathappened(toyou)?（你）发生了什么事？5=What’sthematter(withyou)?========================================================g1.部分感官动词用法。○1系动词look,sound,taste,feel,smell,加形：Thatsoundswonderful.Ittastessalty.○2以上词若跟like,“…起来像…”，加名/代/动名词/that从句。Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.听起来像好主意。（加名）Shelookslikeyou.她起来像你。（加代）Itsoundslikeyouhaveafever.听来好像你发烧了。（从句）○3以上词否定时常把否定词前置。Itdoesn’tsoundinteresting.这听起来不有趣。Tomdoesn’tlooklikehisbrother.汤姆看起来不像他哥哥。g2.“及时”与“准时”。○1intime,“及时”，指恰在需要的时候赶上。Thedoctorsavedthemanintime.Wewerejustintimeforthebus.○2ontime,“准时”,指在规定的时间做到。Pleasecometothemeetingontime.请按时参会。Thetraingotthereontime.火车及时到了那儿。g3.mean“指的是；意味着；意思是”用法。○1Whatdoyoumean?你是什么意思？Whatdoesthewordmean?这个单词是什么意思？○2物+meandoingsth,“意味着做某事”Missingtheearlybusmeansarrivinglateforschool.错过早班车意味着上学迟到。○3人+meantodosth,故意做某事Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.我不是故意要伤害你。g4.thanksfor与thanksto区别。○1thanksfor…=thankyoufor…,“多谢……”，后加名/动ing,一般无下文来表示结果。Thanksforyourhelp./Thanksforhelpingme.○2thanksto…,“多亏了……”,一般有下文引出结果。Thankstoyourhelp,Icanfinishtheworkontime.多亏你的帮助，我能按时地完成这项工作。g5.计量表达法。结构：数字+单位+形容词。○1后不接名词时，此结构中无连字符。若带左右箭头，如looksth↔up，指宾语是名词，可在副词前或后。宾语若是代词，则只在副词前面。p-指短语；s-指句子；g-指语法。2AllRightsReserved!CopyrightbyTerryLee.数字若大于1，单位用复数；小于等于1，单位用单数。Thebridgeis8meterslong.这座桥八米长。Thebabyisoneyearold.这个婴儿一岁大。Thestreetis100feetwide.这条街100英尺宽。Thefishistenkilosheavy.这条鱼十公斤重。○2后接名词时，此结构中有连字符，相当于形容词，单位不可用复数。It’san8-meter-longbridge.It’saone-year-oldbaby.Thisisa100-foot-widestreet.That’saten-kilo-heavyfish.g6.hit“打”的用法。常跟介宾结构指出打的部位。○1hitsbonthe+突起或较硬的部位。Hehitmeonthearms/face.他打了我的胳膊/脸。○2hitsbinthe+引起凹陷部位或身体较软部位。Shehitmeinthestomach.她打着了我的肚子。g7.have部分用法。○1“有”，后接带to不定式，havesthtodosth,“有…做…”Wehavenothingtoeat.我们没有吃的东西了。Shehasastorytotellus.她有故事给我们讲。○2一些固定搭配后要接doing.（实际上动词前省略了in）haveagoodtimedoingsth=havefundoingsth“做某事很开心”；haveahard(或difficult)timedoingsth=haveproblemsdoingsth=havetroubledoingsth“做某事有困难”○3have译为“使；让”后接三种情况：havesth/sbdosth“让某物/某人做某事”Shehadmeworktoolong.她让我工作太长时间了。havesth/sbdoingsth“让某物/某人一直做某事”Don’tkeephimstandingsolong.不要让他站立太久。havesth/sbdone“让某物/某人被……”，表示被动。I’llhavemywatchrepaired.我将让我的表被修理。/我将让人修理我的表。g8.“习惯于”用法。结构：人+beusedto+sth/doingsth.to是介词，所以跟名/代/动ing。Iamusedtothecountrylife.我习惯了乡村生活。(名)Sheisusedtoreadingaloud.她习惯了大声读书。(动ing)g9.runout用法。译为“用完；花光”○1不加of短语时主语是物，“某物被用光”Mymoneyhasrunout.我的钱(被)用光了/(被)花光了。Timeisrunningout.时间不多了/正要被用完。○2加of短语时主语多是人。“某人用完某物”We’rerunningoutoftime.我们快没有时间了。He’llrunoutofthewater.他将用完水。g10.so…that…与sothat用法。○1so跟形/副；或so+两多两少+名，再跟that从句，“如此……以致……”。Theflowersweresobeautifulthateveryonestoppedtotakephotos.这些花如此美以致大家都停下来拍照。Hewalkedsoquietlythatnobodynoticedhim.他走得如此安静以致没人注意到他。Thereweresomanypeopleinthestreetthatwehadtodriveslowly.大街上有如此多的人，以致我们不得不慢慢地开车。○2sothat句型，若so后无形/副，表“以致；以便”，分别接表结果的从句和表目的的从句。Shesatbythewin