学士学位英语课程翻译In-a-family-where-the-roles-of-men-and-w

阅读理解:InafamilywheretherolesofmenandwoInafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlesserextent,notionsofmalesuperiorityarehardtomaintain.Thepatternofsharingintasksandindecisionmakesforequalityandthisinturnleadstofurthersharing.Insuchahome,thegrowingboyandgirllearntoacceptequalitymoreeasilythandidtheirparentsandtopreparemorefullyforparticipationinaworldcharacterizedbycooperationratherthanbythe“battleofthesexes”.Iftheprocessgoestoofarandman’sroleisregardedaslessimportant—andthathashappenedinsomecases—weareasbadlyoffasbefore,onlyinreverse.ItistimetoreassesstheroleofthemanintheAmericanfamily.Wearegettingalittletiredof“Momism”—istherecognitionthatbringingupchildreninvolvesapartnershipofequals.Therearesignsthatpsychiatrists,psychologists,socialworkers,andspecialistsonthefamilyarebecomingmoreawareofthepartmenplayandthattheyhavedecidedthatwomenshouldnotreceiveallthecredit—northeblame.Wehavealmostgivenupsayingthatawoman’splaceisinthehome.Wearebeginning,however,toanalyseman’splaceinthehomeandtoinsistthathedoeshaveaplaceinit.Noristhatplaceirrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild.Thefamilyisaco-operativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficulttolaydownrules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsownproblems.Excessiveauthoritarianism(命令主义)hasunhappyconsequences,whetheritwearsskirtsortrousers,andtheidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesispertinent(相关的，切题的)notonlytoahealthydemocracy,butalsotoahealthyfamily.1.Theidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesis_________________.A)fundamentaltoasounddemocracyB)notpertinenttohealthyfamilylifeC)responsibleforMomismD)whatwehavealmostgivenup2.Thedangerinthesharingofhouseholdtasksbythemotherandthefatheristhat___________.A)theroleofthefathermaybecomeaninferiorone’B)theroleofthemothermaybecomeaninferioroneC)C)thechildrenwillgrowupbelievingthatlifeisabattleofsexesD)sharingleadstoconstantarguing3.Theauthorstatesthatbringingupchildren________________.A)ismainlythemother’sjobB)belongsamongthedutiesofthefatherC)isthejobofschoolsandchurchesD)involvesapartnershipofequals4.Accordingtotheauthor,thefather’sroleinthehomeis____________________.A)minorbecauseheisanineffectualparentB)irrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechildC)pertinenttothehealthydevelopmentofthechildD)identicaltotheroleofthechild’smother5.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?A)Ahealthy,co-operativefamilyisabasicingredientofahealthysociety.B)Menarebasicallyopposedtosharinghouseholdchores.C)Divisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiesisworkableonlyintheory.D)Awoman’splaceinthehome–nowasalways.【全文翻译】在男女角色没有明显划分、家务事或多或少由双方共同承担的家庭中，男尊女卑的观点是很难维持的。双方共同承担家务和共同决策的模式造就了平等的观念，而平等的观念反过来又进一步促进了双方的共同承担。在这种家庭中长大的孩子，比他们的父母更容易接受平等的观念，并做好充分准备，去融入一个合作的、而不是“性别大战”的社会中。如果离这个进程太远，认为男人的角色不那么重要了——在某些情况下已经发生了——我们就和以前一样严重偏离了，只不过方向正好相反。是应该重新评价美国男人在家庭中的地位的时候了，我们对“妈妈主义”有些厌倦了，但是我们也不想把它换成“新爸爸主义”，更确切地说，我们需要认识到的是，父母在抚养孩子的过程中是一种平等的合作关系。有一些迹象表明，精神病学家、心理学家、社会工作者和有关家庭方面的心理学家，更深刻地意识到男性在家庭中的作用，他们认为在涉及家庭方面的问题上不应该由女性承担所有的赞扬或指责。我们已经不再坚持认为女性就应该待在家里，开始分析男人在家庭里的地位，并且坚持认为他们在家庭中应该占有一席之地，这种地位与孩子的健康成长有直接的关系。家庭是一个合作的事业，很难为它制定规则，因为每个家庭需要为解决自己的问题制定合适的方法。过度的命令主义会带来不良的后果，是穿衬衣呢还是穿裤子，理想的平等权利和平等责任不仅仅与健康的民主相关，更与健康的家庭相关。【答案解析】57.【解析】[A]主旨题。文章的最后一段的后半句是本文的主题句，它明确说theidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesispertinent(相关的，切题的)notonlytoahealthydemocracy,butalsotoahealthyfamily，此处的pertinent与题干中的fundamental在此处的意思是一样的。58.【解析】[A]推断题。本题较难，表面是个细节题，但实际是推断题。有两处线索：第一处是第二段的第一句话，该句承接第一段中谈论的sharinghousehold，指出如果过分了的话，就会导致男人被认为较不重要，即是选项A的意思。第二处线索是第三段的倒数第二句话中“...thathedoeshaveaplaceinit”。59.【解析】[D]细节题。线索见第二段的第四句话Whatweneed,rather,istherecognitionthatbringingupchildreninvolvesapartnershipofequals.60.【解析】[C]推断题。本题的线索同59题一致。Whatweneed,rather,istherecognitionthatbringingupchildreninvolvesapartnershipofequals，孩子的健康成长还是需要父母扮演同样重要的角色，即是父母的作用同样重要。61.【解析】[A]推断题。本题除了用排除法做以外，仍然考的是主题句。最后一句中的ahealthydemocracy是从社会的角度来讲的。