2014年自考英语(二)资料(-unit-8)

Unit8TheGreatMindsTheGreatMinds名人名言部分补充makeAofBAfamousquoteApessimistmakesdifficultiesofhisopportunities;anoptimistmakesopportunitiesofhisdifficulties.----HarryS.Truman悲观者让机会沦为困难；乐观者把困难铸成机会。----杜鲁门makeAofBmakeasuccessofone'scareermakeamusicianofthelittleboyThefatherexposedhissontomusicwhenhewasstillalittlechildbecausedhewantedtomakeamusicianofhim.exposesb./oneselftosth.Don'texposeyourselftothestrongsunlight,oryouwillgetsunburnt.联想：sunburnt/suntannedgainexposuretosth.makeafootballerofTommakeamessoftheaccountI.NewwordsandexpressionsNewwords1.wrapv.用…缠绕（或围紧）2.scenarion.设想；方案；预测3.explanationn.解释；说明explainexplanatory4.uneventfuladj.平淡无奇的；平凡的；缺乏刺激的5.pregnancyn.怀孕；妊娠；孕期6.imperfectadj.有缺陷的；不完全的；不完美的perfectperfection联想：impossible,impolite,imbalanced,immobile,immature（注意：unbiased,unmoving）7.abnormaladj.不正常的；反常的；变态的；畸形的normal联想：typical-atypicalsymmetry-asymmetrysymmetrical-asymmetrical8.massiveadj.巨大的；非常严重的9.disabilityn.（某种）缺陷，障碍ableabilityunable10.limblessadj.无四肢的11.inspirev.激励；鼓舞（用法参考Unit5,TextA）inspiration（形近词参考Unit4，TextA）inspiring12.adaptv.适应（新情况）adaptoneselftosth.13.accomplishv.完成14.limbn.肢；臂；腿15.campaign运动（为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动）16.fulfillv.实现；履行fulfillone'sdream/word/requirementfulfilling使人满足的，令人愉快的fulfillment履行；满足；成就17.motivationaladj.鼓舞的18.circumstancen.命运；客观环境19.wholeheartedlyadv.全心全意地20.effectiveadj.产生预期结果的；有效的比较：efficientineffective,inefficient21.altituden.海拔；海拔高度altitudesickness区分：attitude22.engagementn.约定；约会；预约23.congregationn.（教堂的）会众24.audiencen.观众；听众25.visionn.想象力；眼力；远见卓识26.outreachn.外展服务27.perspectiven.态度；观点；思考方法28.ceasev.（使）停止，终止，结束29.obstaclen.障碍；阻碍；绊脚石30.illustratev.（用示例、图画等）说明，解释31.profoundadj.巨大的；深切的；深远的32.persistencen.坚持；锲而不舍persist(in)persistent33.paralyzev.使瘫痪；使麻痹34.oftentimesadv.常常35.trickn.戏法；把戏tricky36.blendn.（不同事物的）和谐结合，融合37.perseverancen.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神（偶见perseverence，但很少使用）persevereperseverant（偶见perseverent，但很少使用）38.definev.阐明；明确；界定definitiondefinite明确的，确定的39.incredibleadj.不能相信的；难以置信的unbelievable40.captivatev.迷住；使着迷PhrasesandExpressions1.awalkoflife行业；职业；地位；阶层lineofwork2.majorin主修3.stresstheimportanceof强调…的重要性4.atone'sdisposal任某人处理；供某人任意使用5.pokefunat拿…开心；奚落；嘲笑6.showoff炫耀；卖弄II.TextLearningLifeWithoutLimits①Imaginebeingbornwithoutarms.Noarmstowraparoundsomeone,nohandstoexperiencetouch,ortoholdanotherhandwith.Orwhataboutbeingbornwithoutlegs?Havingnoabilitytodance,walk,run,orevenstandontwofeet.Nowputbothofthosescenarios（设想）together:noarmsandnolegs.Whatwouldyoudo?Howwouldthateffectyoureverydaylife?②Bornin1982inMelbourne,Australia,withoutanymedicalexplanationorwarning,NicholasVujiciccameintotheworldwithneitherarmsnorlegs.(1)Havinghadanuneventfulpregnancyandnofamilyhistorytoexpectthiscondition,imaginetheshockhisparentsfeltwhentheysawtheirfirstborn,brandnewbabyboy,onlytofindhewaswhattheworldwouldconsiderimperfectandabnormal.Howwouldtheirsonliveanormalhappylife?Whatcouldheeverdoorbecomewhenlivingwithwhattheworldwouldseeassuchamassivedisability（严重残疾）?(2)Littledidtheyoranyoneknowthatthisbeautifullimblessbabywouldonedaybesomeonewhowouldinspireandmotivatepeoplefromallwalksoflife,touchinglivesallovertheworld.本部分重点及难点：1.Havinghadanuneventful（平凡的）pregnancyandnofamilyhistorytoexpectthiscondition,imaginetheshockhisparentsfeltwhentheysawtheirfirstborn,brandnewbabyboy,onlytofindhewaswhattheworldwouldconsiderimperfectandabnormal.(1)悬垂分词。建议换成：Havinghadanuneventfulpregnancyandnofamilyhistorytoexpectthiscondition,hisparentsfeltgreatshockwhentheysaw….Canyouimaginetheshock?以下是可以接受的悬垂分词形式：Strictlyspeaking,nobodyisallowedinhere.Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromtheSouth.经常这样用的分词(分词词组)有：frankly(broadly,generally,strictly…)speaking,judgingfrom/by…,talkingabout…,speakingof…等。某些句子中作状语的分词的逻辑主语虽然不是句子的主语，但可能是句中的另外某一成分，对这样的句子也可以不认为是悬垂分词。课文中的这个句子属于这种情况。再如：Seeingherhealthsinkingrapidly,alarmclutchedthefather'sheart.她父亲看到她健康迅速恶化，很是惊慌。切记：该结构应慎用。(2)onlytofind…不定式表示结果。不定式表结果时通常前面需要加only,表示出乎意料的不希望看到的结果。例如：Theyrushedtothecinema,onlytofindtheticketsleftathome.Theyhurriedbackhome,onlytofindthedoorlocked.Theywenttothehospitalwithoutanydelay,onlytobetoldtheirbelovedgrandpahadalreadypassedaway.(3)whattheworldwouldconsider作插入语(4)译文：在经历了一段平静无事的孕期，而且没有任何家族病史预示的情况下，我们可以想象得到当时他的父母看到这个刚出生的小男孩时会是多么地震惊，只知道他就是世人所说的缺陷和不正常。2.Littledidtheyoranyoneknowthatthisbeautifullimblessbabywouldonedaybesomeonewhowouldinspireandmotivatepeoplefromallwalksoflife,touchinglivesallovertheworld.(1)否定词放在句首句子倒装，如rarely,seldom,innocase,bynomeans,little,hardly等。(2)whowouldinspireandmotivatepeoplefromallwalksoflife定语从句，先行词是someone。(3)touchinglivesallovertheworld现在分词作状语，修饰inspireandmotivatepeople。(4)译文：当时他们不知道而且也没有任何一个人知道，这个漂亮的无手足的小男孩有一天会启发激励社会各阶层的人，并且感动全世界的人们。请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】16.Hereturnedtoworkafterrecoveryfromhisillness,_______anotheremployeehadtakenhisplace.A．onlytotellB．onlytobetoldC．onlytobetellingD．tobetold【答案】B【解析】本题考查不定式表示结果。不定式表结果时通常前面需要加only，表示出乎意料的不希望看到的结果。本句的意思是他生病痊愈返回了工作岗位，结果却被告知另一个雇员接替了他的岗位，故选B。【知识点】不定式表示结果③AsNickgrewuphelearnedtodealwithhisdisabilityandstartedtobeabletodomoreandmorethingsonhisown.Headaptedtohissituationandfoundwaystoaccomplisht