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当前位置:首页 > 研究生/硕士 > 考研英语 > 2021刘晓燕考研英语语法长难句笔记(名词)
一、成分二、什么是名词性从句三、名词性从句的引导词四、分析(一)写作分析1.主语从句2.同位语从句(二)长难句分析1.主语从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句五、修饰名词的成分——定语1.什么是定语2.定语的成分3.定语的位置4.定语从句一、成分主语、宾语、表语、同位语主语:Themovieprovesbrilliant.宾语:Iappreciatetheactress.表语:Shekeepsaghost.同位语:Ienjoythepart,theend.(同位语只能跟在名词后,thepart=theend;作文中任何名词的后面都可以再加一个名词作为同位语出现)例句:Overfishing,auniversalphenomenonthroughouttheword,hasbecomeincreasinglygraveundermodernconditions.过度捕捞,一个全球普遍现象,已经变得越来越严重了。二、什么是名词性从句主语从句:Themovieprovesbrilliant.WhatIsawprovesbrilliant.宾语从句:Iappreciatetheactress.Iappreciatewhatshedid.表语从句:Shekeepsaghost.ShekeepswhoIadmire.同位语从句:Ienjoythepart,theend.Ienjoythepartthatsheknewthetruth.名词在句子中能够充当的成分从句都能充当这就是名词性从句,名词性从句一共包括四类:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句三、名词性从句的引导词例句她已经离婚了是显而易见的Shehasgotdivorcedisconspicuous.(句子不能做主语)Thatshehasgotdivorcedisconspicuous.她离婚了吗是个秘密Hasshegotdivorcedkeepsasecret.→whethershehasgotdivorcedkeepsasecret.她什么时候离婚是个谜Whendidshegetdivorcedremainsamystery.→Whenshegotdivorcedremainsamystery.引导词名词性从句的引导词是按照从句的类型分的类,一共把引导词分成三类:that(当从句是陈述句时,并且that在从句中不充当任何成分也没有任何意思)whether(当从句是一般疑问句时,并且whether在从句中不充当任何成分,意思翻译成是否)所有特殊疑问词(当从句是特殊疑问句时)并且英语中所有的从句一定都是陈述句的形式,也就是引导词+主语+谓语的形式练习:练习一:我正在思考外星人存在吗Iamwonderingwhethertheallienexists.(宾语从句)(可数名词不能单独使用,a/复数/the;不确定是否可数用the)练习二:他们为什么去西藏离开家乡是一个谜WhytheylefthometownforTibetremainsamystery.(可数名词不能单独使用)WhytheylefttheirhometownforTibetremainsamystery.(主语从句)(主系表)练习三:关键是你什么时候有钱呀关键(主语)是(谓语)你什么时候有钱呀(表语)Thepointseemwhenwealthwillbeavailableforyou.(表语从句)available可得到的练习四:有一天你会发现事业、友情、亲情都比爱情重要你(主语)发现(谓语)事业、友情、亲情都比爱情重要(宾语)Someday,youwillfindthatcareer,kinshipandfriendshipareallmoreindispensablethanromance.(宾语从句)四、分析(一)写作分析1.主语从句主语从句的满分表达就是把主句从句放到句末去,加it做形式主语,主语从句的满分句型可以写在作文中任何一句话的前面用来拉长句子显而易见,众所周知:ItkeepscommonknowledgethatItlooksbeyonddisputethat(超越争论)ItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatIthasbeenwidelyacceptedthat我认为:Itkeepsmyperspectivethat例句:女人总是对的是一个常识Thatladiestendtoberightkeepscommonknowledge.→Itkeepscommonknowledgethatladiestendtoberight.例句:关于养宠物这个话题已经引起广泛关注了Ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatthesubjectaboutraisingpetshasbeenbroughtintothelimelight.2.同位语从句同位语从句的位置:名词后;句末她的丈夫去世了这个消息传遍了整个村庄Thenewsthatherhusbandpassedawayhasbeenspreadthewholevillage.→(Thenewshasbeenspreadthewholevillagethatherhusbandpassedaway.同位语从句可以放在句末,但作文中不要放在句末)河南人都是骗子这个想法是不正确的Theoutlookthatindividualsfromhenanprovincetendtobedeceiversremainswrong.(outlook/perspective/idea观点,看法)温室里的花朵不能经受风雨这个事实表明我们不应该溺爱孩子Theevidencethatflowersinthegreenhousefailtoendurestormsdemonstratesthatkidsshouldneverbespoiled.穿自己的鞋不仅方便而且还确保了一点不用去管别人的感受Wearingmyownshoesprovesnotonlyconvenientbutalsoensuresapointthatthefeelingsofotherscanbeignored.(二)长难句分析能够快速的识别各个名词性从句,并且把他们通顺的翻译出来1.主语从句只要见到有引导词放在句首,并且从句后没有被逗号逗号隔开就绝对是主语从句,主语从句从句首开始到主句的谓语动词之前结束(前面没有引导词的动词就是主句的谓语动词)除此以外,只要见到it...that通常也是主语从句,主语从句从that开始到句末结束Theoutlookthatindividualsfromhenanprovincetendtobedeceiversremainswrong.(同位语从句)WhenIsawyou,Ilovedyou.(状语从句)引导词在句首,不是主语从句就是状语从句例句:Thattheplatesaremovingisnowbeyonddispute.Thattheplatesaremoving主语is谓语beyonddispute表语例句:Whetherthegovernmentshouldincreasethefinancingofpurescienceattheexpendoftechnologyorviceversaoftendependsontheissueofwhichisseenasthedrivingforce.Whether...versa主语(由whether...or...并列的两个从句共同充当主语)dependson谓语theissue宾语ofwhichisseenasthedrivingforce定语政府是应该以技术为代价增加对纯科学的投入还是以纯科学为代价增加对技术的投入通常取决于哪一个被视为驱动力的问题例句:Howwellthepredictionswillbevalidatedbylaterperformancedependsupontheamount,reliability,andappropriatenessoftheinformationusedandontheskillandwisdomwithwhichitisinterpreted.dependsupon谓语;theamount,reliability,andappropriateness宾语;withwhichitisinterpreted定语(定前面所有名词)and+介词+定语upon→on;theskillandwisdom→theamount,reliability,andappropriateness;oftheinformationused→withwhichitisinterpreted省略了depends以后的行为将会多么准确的证明这些预言取决于所使用的信息的数量、可靠性和适合性并且还取决于解释信息的技巧和智慧例句:Itisgenerallyagreedthatapersonofhighintelligenceisonewhocangraspideasreadily,makedistinctions,reasonlogically,andmakeuseofverbalandmathematicalsymbleinsolvingproblems.that...problems主句;谓语isagreed;主语从句中:谓语is,主语aperson,定语ofhighintelligence,表语one,修饰one的定语成分who...problems为四个并列的定语从句→whocangraspideasreadily,whocanmakedistinctions,whocanreasonlogically,andwhocanmakeuseofverbalandmathematicalsymbleinsolvingproblems.众所周知一个高智商的人是一个能够轻易理解思想的人,是一个能够做出辨别的人,是一个能够进行逻辑推理的人,并且还能够使用语言和数学的符号解决问题的人例句:Forexample,ithaslongbeenknownthattotalsleepdeprivationis100%fataltorats,yet,uponexaminationofthedeadbodies,theanimalslookcompletelynormal.主语that...normal,谓语hasbeenknown(has帮助known构成现在完成时,been帮助known完成被动)主语从句之所以这么长是因为由yet并列的两个句子共同充当主语,两个句子均为主系表结构比如说,长期以来众所周知完全的睡眠的剥夺对老鼠来说是百分之一百致命的,但是通过检查这些尸体,这些动物看起来完全正常2.宾语从句只要实义动词的后面有个引导词,就暂定为宾语从句(还可能是状语从句Hediedwhenhesawme)Shesaidthatshewouldmarryanoldrichman.that可省略,在名词性从句中,只有宾语从句可以省略,作文中不省略,作文为正式文体Youhaveallhearditrepeatedthatmenofscienceworkbymeansofinduction(归纳法)anddeduction(演绎法),thatbythehelpoftheseoperations,they,inasortofsense,managetoextractfromNaturecertainnaturallaws,andthatoutofthese,bysomespecialskillsoftheirown,theybuilduptheirtheories.主谓宾宾补You主语,haveheard谓语,it宾语,repeated宾补it形式宾语,指代that...你们听说以下的事情被重复吧:科学家们通过归纳法和演绎法进行工作,通过这些操作的帮助,他们成功地抽出从自然中抽出了一些自然法则
本文标题:2021刘晓燕考研英语语法长难句笔记(名词)
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