高考题中的名词性从句

高考题中的名词性从句考点一：宾语从句1.Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_______theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.(2008北京)A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who选A。解题思路：首先判断该句是哪种类型的名词性从句。横线前是动词create，其后应接宾语，那么此句是宾语从句；其次看从句中缺少什么句子成分。Theyhope为插入语，没有实际意义，可删除。那么从句缺少主语，故选C。Which意为“哪一个”，that当从句中主谓宾齐全时，不充当任何成分，who做主语，指人。2.Agoodfriendofminefrom______IwasbornshowedupatmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.(2009安徽)A.howB.whomC.whenD.which选C。解题思路：首先判断该句是哪种类型的名词性从句。横线前是介词from，介词后应接宾语，故为宾语从句；其次看从句中缺少什么句子成分。后面的从句Iwasborn缺少状语，Iwasborn既可以接时间也可以接地点，这里应该接地点更合适，FromwhenIwasborn=FromthetimewhenIwasborn，意为“自从我出生起”。整句话就翻译为“就在我动身去北京前，我小时候结交的一位好朋友出现在我家里”。3.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_______hewants.(上海2002春)A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that选A。本题考查宾语从句。wants后面缺少宾语，只能选what。Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants是一句谚语,意为“永远给予某人他确实想要的东西”。4.Marywroteanarticleon_______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.(2005全国卷Ⅰ)A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that选A。介词on后面跟由why引导的宾语从句，why在从句中作状语。5.—Ithinkitisgoingtobeabigproblem.—Yes,itcouldbe.—Iwonder______wecandoaboutit.(北京2002春季)A.ifB.howC.whatD.that答案C。本题考察名词性从句的连接词的用法。wonder后面应跟宾语从句，而从句中的谓语动词do是及物动词，可见从句缺少一个代替宾语的成分，我们可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引导方式状语的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我们能就此做些什么”。6.Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeout_____itisheistryingtoexpress.(2011安徽卷)A.thatB.howC.WhoD.what答案：D。考查名词性从句。句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语makeout引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。that在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how作方式状语；who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。7.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof___B___mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.(10山东)A.whyB.whatC.howD.Which8.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew__D___shewassoangry.（10湖南）A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why9.—It’snousehavingideasonly.—Don’tworry.Petercanshowyou__A______toturnanideaintoanact.（10辽宁）A.howB.whoC.whatD.where10.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet___D___wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.(10全国I)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where11.Wepromise__C_____attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.(12福建)A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever12.Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfelt___C___hecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.(12北京)A.whyB.howC.thatD.whether13.Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose__B____suitsyoubest.(12陕西)A.whateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD.Wherever14.Somepeoplebelieve___A____hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.(14北京)A.whateverB.whenever.C.whereverD.however15.Ifyounoticethatwhensomeoneismissingorhurt,tellyourteacherimmediately.(2014四川)改错：去掉when。根据句意，如果你注意到有人失踪或受伤……，可知此处是that引导的宾语从句表陈述，故when多余。16.Butbeforelongtheybegantoseewhichwashappening.(2012全国新课标)改错：将which改成what。此处what做宾语从句的主语，意为“看所发生的一切”。17....butitdoesn’tmatterthatIwouldwinornot.(2000全国卷)改错：将that改成whether。Matter后接宾语从句，本句意为“我是否成功没有关系”，因此用whether。18....Ifeltthatithelpedmeunderstandwhattheworldworks.(2001春季)改错：将what改成how。Work在这里是不及物动词，不能用连接代词what做宾语，只能用连接副词how做状语。19.Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.(2004全国卷)改错：将that改成why。Know后面接的是宾语从句，that在句中无意义，只起连接作用，根据句意“我不知道他们为什么不喜欢和我说话”可知，应填why。考点二：主语从句1._______hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.(上海1999)A.WhoB.ThosewhoC.AnyoneD.Whoever选D。whoever是泛指，意为“无论谁”，相当于anyonewho；who是特指。如：Ican”trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.2.Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weasksforsuggestionsAhadusedtheproducts.（10重庆）A.whoeverB.whoC.whicheverD.which3.___B____fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.(上海2002春)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which选B。主语从句成分完整,只缺一个引导词，所以选that。句意：国与国之间时装款式的差异可以从一个方面反映出它们的文化差别。4._______intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.(上海2005)A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires选C。本句是带有主语从句的主从复合句，it作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，it与require之间为被动关系。5.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother，doesitmatter____itwas?（2001春季招生）A．whereB．whatC．howD．which答案D。这是一个主语从句。主语从句中缺少表语。从上句的意思分析，应是哪本书，所以要填which，这句话的意思是“我在某本书中读到过有关这方面的内容，是哪一本书重要吗？”。6.IwanttobelikedandlovedforCIaminside.（10北京）A.whoB.whereC.whatD.How7.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but___B___hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.(12安徽)A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why8.Exactly_C___thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.[14大纲全国卷]A.whetherB.whyC.whenD.How9.___B___thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.[14陕西]A.WhyB.WhenC.ThatD.What考点三：同位语从句1.Informationhasbeenputforward_______moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.(上海2001)A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as选B。同位语从句一般紧跟在中心词之后，但有时为了平衡句式，从句也可与中心词分开。题干中that引导的从句作information的同位语,解释information的具体内容。句意：有消息说,将会有更多的中学毕业生进入大学。由于information与同位语从句被谓语hasbeenputforward分隔开来,增加了试题的难度。2.Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence___C___smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.（2011·天津卷）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.Where3.Whenthenewscame_C______thewarbrokeout,hedecided,toserveinthearmy.（2011·辽宁卷）A.sinceB.whichC.thatD.Because4.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon___B___themeetingwouldbepostponed.(12江苏)A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how5.Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy__D_____children’searlysleepingproblemsare