人教版-选修八Unit2-Cloning--reading-30张PPT

Book8Unit2CloningLearninggoals1234cloningGene/DNA基因CopyScientifictechniqueDollySciencefiction小说SomeConceptionsaboutCloningIdenticaladj同一的；一模一样的Warming-upSciencefictionfilmsaboutcloningCloningisnotjustaboutfiction.Andwehavemorefactsaboutcloningtechnique!pendulum['pendjələm]orchid(吊兰)cactus['kæktəs]“无性繁殖”的英文名称叫Clone,译音为“克隆”。实际上，英文的Clone起源于希腊文Klone,原意是“嫩枝”或“插条”繁殖。ClonedAnimals199620022003theclonedpig(left)2018SoundsUnbelievable?(Top5factsaboutcloning)Top5:theSheepMadeHistoryDolly____(1996)(Top5factsaboutcloning)Top4:ThereIsHopeforCloning______AnimalsExtinct(Top5factsaboutcloning)Top3:ASouthKoreanLabWillCloneYour.Pet(Top5factsaboutcloning)Top2:TheFirstEverClonedWasa____Urchin(海胆).Sea(1880s)(Top5factsaboutcloning)Top1:CloningIsWidelyOutlawedHumanCloning:WhereIsItLeadingUs?topicanswerPre-readingWritingtechniques1.:2.:❶Butatlast…patienceofscientistspaidoffin1996...(para2)diagramdata❷AltogetherDollylivedsixandahalfyears,halfthelengthof...(para3)3.Thispassageisbasedonscientificfactandwritteninlanguage.formal.IttellsustheofcloningCloninghappensinboth______andanimalsdefinitionCloninghasalwaysbeenwithusandisheretostay.Itisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalorplant.Ithappensinplantswhengardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplantstomakenewones.Italsohappensinanimalswhentwinsidenticalinsexandappearanceareproducedfromthesameoriginalegg.Thefactisthatthesearebothexamplesofnaturalclones.Para11.take______fromgrowingplants.2.produce_______Theybothbelongto________clonesnaturalplantscuttingsExamples:Readingtwins1.Cloningreferstoawayofmakinganexactofanotheranimalorplant,whichmeansthattheyaregenetically.copyidentical2.Inthefollowingthreepictures,belong(s)tonaturalclones.ABCABCIttellsus____majorusesofcloningandthecloningprocedureofDolly.Themajorusesare:Para21.for_________use.2.fornewplantspeciesand______researchonanimals.WhywasthecloningofDollycalledabreakthrough?naturalCloninghastwomajoruses.Firstly,gardenersuseitallthetimetoproducecommercialquantitiesofplants.Secondly,itisvaluableforresearchonnewplantspeciesandformedicalresearchonanimals.Cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsisverycomplicated.Itisadifficulttasktoundertake.Manyattemptstoclonemammalsfailed.Butatlastthedeterminationandpatienceofthescientistspaidoffin1996withabreakthrough─thecloningofDollythesheep.Theprocedureworkslikethis:twocommercialmedicalBecausecloninganimalsisverycomplicatedandmanyattemptsfailed.SheepADonorSheepNucleus(细胞核)EggcellHostSheepDollyCombinedEmbryo(胚胎)TheprocedureofcloningDolly125436987Somaticcell(体细胞)PutthestepsintocorrectorderThecelldividesandgrowsintoanembryo.ThelambisthecloneofthedonatedcellfromsheepB.AnucleusistakenoutofsheepB’ssomaticcell.TheembryoisputintofemaleC.TheeggcellfromsheepAandthenucleusfromsheepBarejoinedusingelectricity.SheepAprovidesaneggcellwhosenucleusisremoved.165432Para3naturalOntheonehand,thewholescientificworldfollowedtheprogressofthefirstsuccessfulclone,Dollythesheep.Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.CloningscientistswerecastdowntofindthatDolly’sillnessesweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.AltogetherDollylivedsixandahalfyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.Sadlythesamearbitraryfateaffectedotherspecies,suchasclonedmice.Thequestionsthatconcernedallscientistswere:“Wouldthisbeamajordifficultyforallclonedanimals?Wouldithappenforever?Coulditbesolvedifcorrectionsweremadeintheirresearchprocedure?”13Years6.5YearsMainidea:ProblemswithDolly1）illness;2）life.shorterFromthisparagraph,wecanknowthat.A.DollydevelopedillnessfromtheverybeginningB.theoriginalsheeplivedalifeofsixandahalfyearsC.clonedmicewerelikelytoliveshorterthannormalonesD.whethercloningcouldbeusedonhumanwasamajorconcernforscientistsC(Para3)Ontheotherhand,Dolly’sappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination.Itbecamecontroversial.Itsuddenlyopenedeverybody'seyestothepossibilityofusingcloningtocureseriousillnessesandeventoproducehumanbeings.Para4Mainidea:________&controversyraisedbycloningKeyphrase2.havea(n)…impacton/upon对…有冲击/影响=havea(n)…influence/effecton…1.astormof…许多的ObjectionsQuestion:Whatdoes“controversial”probablymean?benefit&potentialriskA.complicatedB.arguableC.importantD.traditional____________________________Althoughatpresenthumaneggcellsandembryosneededforcloningresearcharedifficulttoobtain,newspaperswroteofevilleadershopingtoclonethemselvestoattaintheirambitions.Religiousleadersalsoraisedmoralquestions.Governmentsbecamenervousandmoresconservative.SomebegantoreformtheirlegalsystemsandforbaderesearchintohumancloningbutothercountrieslikeChinaandtheUKcontinuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.However,scientistsstillwonderwhethercloningwillhelporharmusandwhereitisleadingus.Para5Mainidea:Concernsaboutcloning&________aboutitsfuture.Keyphraseconservative保守的raisemoralquestions引发道德问题raisefund筹集资金raiseyourhand举手raisethechildren抚养孩子raiseawarenessof…提升意识[一词多义]uncertainty(Para5)Whydidgovernmentsbecomenervous