忠实性原则在翻译实践中的涵义认知分析(1)

忠实性原则在翻译实践中的涵义认知分析黄勇昌(,475001):广义的翻译和狭义的翻译是翻译实践中的两个基本特质,因此,在汉英互译的实践中,总应有某一个指导原则即忠实性原则在起作用一般来说,一个好的译文在意义和功能上都应体现信即忠实效果;同时,直译和意译也是为了使译文忠实于原作的具体表现形式另外,往往会出现译文对原文的假忠实因此,在翻译过程中,就应遵循分析转换和重构的三步走战略,尽可能避免假忠实性现象的出现,使译文具有可读性:翻译;忠实性原则;解构分析;欠额翻译;过载翻译:H3159:A:1671-9743(2007)08-0083-03RecognitionAnalysistotheImplicationoftheFaithfulnessPrincipleinTranslationHUANGYong-chang(EnglishDepartment,HenanUniversity,Kaifeng,Henan475001)Abstract:InthepracticeofmutualtranslationbetweenChineseandEnglish,aprincipleofsomekind,theprincipleoffaithfulnesshasbeenplayinganimportantrole.Generallyspeaking,apropertranslationshouldembodytheeffectoffaithfulnessbothinmeaningandfunction.Literaltranslationandfreetranslationaretheconcreteformstomaketranslationmorefaithfultotheoriginalwork.However,originalworkoftenappearsfalsefaithfulnessofitstranslation.Therefore,inthecourseoftranslation,weshouldfollowthethreestagesofanalysis,transformationandreconstructiontoavoidfalsefaithfulness,andtomaketranslationproper.Keywords:translation;principleoffaithfulness;analysis;under-translation;over-translation收稿日期:2007-04-18作者简介:黄勇昌(1972-),男,河南信阳人,河南大学外语部讲师,从事翻译学研究,(basicinformation),(completefaithfulness);,(faithfulness)(targettext)(originalwork),,,(targetlanguage)(sourcelanguage),(undertranslation)(overtranslation),,18,(Tytler)!∀(PrincipleofTranslation):A(Thatthetranslatinshouldgiveacompletetranscriptoftheideasoftheoriginalwork);B(Theatthestyleandmannerofwritingshouldbeofthesamecharacterwiththatoftheoriginal)C(Thatthetranslationshouldhavealltheeaseoftheoriginalcomposition),,!∀(赫胥黎著)(faithfulness,expressivenessandelegance),,,,,,,(cross-linguistic)(cross-cultural)(cross-social),,,;,,:(meaningfaithfulness)第26卷第8期怀化学院学报Vol26No82007年8月JOURNALOFHUAIHUAUNIVERSITYAug.2007(functionalfaithfulness),,,,,?,(她),Haveyouhadyourmeal?Whereareyougoing?,Hi,Howareyou?Goodmorning(arternoon,evening,etc),,,CustomersVisitorsstopCustomersVisitorsarenotallowedtoenter,,,,,CustomersVisitorsstopCustomersVisitorsarenotallowedtoenter:,Foragoodharvestbothinsportsandmorals,,,agoodharvest,moralsLongmanDictionary:Standardsofbehavior,espinmattersofsex,,Forbetter(althletic)recordsandsportsmanship,,,,,:18,(WilliamWordsworth)SheDweltAmongTheUntroddenWays,:##Shelivedunknown,andfewcouldknowWhenLucyCeasedtobeButsheisinhergrave,andoh,Thedifferencetome!:,,,,,(Literaltranslatin)(freetranslation),,,,(或始发语)(或目的语),,,:Stillwatersrundee:;helookedatthebluesky:,(或始发语)(或目的语),,:Thequestionisinherentlyinsoluble,inherentlyinsoluble,∃(固有地天生地)%,,,,::Idontreallyknowanythingaboutyou,becauseyouandIareasdifferentaschalkandcheese:,,,Asdifferentaschalkandcheese:,,,,,:[1]:ReedFluteCaveisthemostmagnificentofallinGuilin,,LudiyanLudiCave,,,,,(informativefunction)(告诉旅游者其名称的由来)(aestheticfunction)(唤起人们美妙的想象)(expressivefunction)(表达导游热情邀请游客寻幽探胜的情感色彩),ReedFluteCave,,Cave,!,,##:Themoonisbright,thestarsarescattered,Thecrowsflysouth#,:Thestarsaredimmedbythebrightnessofthemoon,Southwardflyaflockravens#,,,,,,,,,:ItgoeswithoutsayingthattheirolanisSpanishcastleSpanishcastle,,IndianSummer,,Americanbeauty,:ThisistheopinionofsomeRipVan&84&怀化学院学报2007年8月WinkleRipVanWinkle&(WashingtonIrving)!∀(SketchBook),Catskill20,,,,,,,,,Studywellandmakeprogreeeveryday(好好学习,天天向上)Goodgoodstud,daydayup!,!,,,,,cousin,,,,,,!Goodmorning,cousin!Goodmorning,myfemale-cousin-on-mothers-or-paternal-aunts-side-younger-than-myslef,!,shedcrocodiletears,;asfierceassharks,,,,,,,,,,?(EANida)!∀(TheoryandPracticeofTranslation),:(1):;(2):;(3):,,,,,:#legacytheprofessorhadlefttome,ofinestimablevalue,whichcouldnotbuy,withwhichwecannotpart,,,,,,inestimablevalue,!,legacy,,,,Thisaccelerationisfrequentlydramatizedbyabriefaccountoftheprogressintransportation,,,,Abriefaccountoftheprogressintransportationfrequentlydramatizesthisacceleration,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1]吴扬才.风景名胜解说词英译[J].英语天地,1995,(5).[2]陈文薇.汉英翻译基础[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1995.[3]王治奎.大学汉英翻译教程[M].济南:山东大学出版社,2001.[4]王宗炎.语言问题探索[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1984.[5]杜承南,文军.中国当代翻译百论[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,1993.[6]古今明.英汉翻译基础[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1995.&85&第26卷第8期黄勇昌:忠实性原则在翻译实践中的涵义认知分析