高中英语从句精讲与练习(附答案)

高中英语从句讲解与练习（1）表语从句1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。2．引导表语从句的关联词的种类：(1)从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如：ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。Thereasonwasthathewaslateforschool.(2)从属连词whether,as,asif。如：1.Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.他看起来还与十年前一样。2.Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.问题是他们是否能帮我们。注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但asif却可引导表语从句，如：Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,butit’sasifitwasonlyyesterday.这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。Thekeyiswhetherwecansolvetheproblem.//Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,seem,look，sound等。如：Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.他看起来还与十年前一样。Itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。如：Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.我想问的是谁离开了。Myquestioniswholeft.连接副词where,when,how,why。WhatIwonderiswhenheleft.我想知道他是何时离开的。Thisiswheretheyoncelived.这就是他们曾经住过的地方。Thatiswhyhedidn'tcomehere.Thequestionishowhedidit.(3)连词because可引导表语从句。如：Ithinkitisbecauseyouaredoingtoomuch.我想这是因为你做得太多。It'sjustbecausehedoesn'tknowher.That'sbecausehedidn'tunderstandme.那是因为他没有理解我.(That'sbecause...强调原因)That'swhyhegotangrywithme.那正是他对我生气的原因。(That'swhy...强调结果)(4)在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。表语测试1.Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether2．Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof3.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s________youleftitA.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere4．Theproblemis_________totaketheplaceofTedA.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecanget5.WhatIwanttoknowis______helikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.不填6.Thereasonis_________Imissedthebus.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what7.Thatis_____wewerelatelasttime.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what8.Shelooked_________sheweretenyearsyounger.A.thatB.likeC.asD.asthough9.—Ifellsick!--Ithinkitis_______youaredoingtoomuch.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.because10.Thereasonwhyhehasn’tcomeis___________.A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismother’sbeingillC.thathismotherisillD.forhismotherisill11.—Hewasbornhere.--Thatis_______helikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how12.Thatis______LuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why13．_______yourfatherwantstoknowis________gettingonwithyourstudies.A.What;howareyouB.That；howyouareC.How；thatyouareD.What；howyouare14.Thetroubleis__________weareshortoftools.A.whatB.thatC.howD.whythat15.Americawas__________wasfirstcalled“India”byColumbus.A.whatB.whereC.theplaceD.therewhere16.Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.Itisnolonger_________.A.whatitusedtobeB.whatitwasusedtobeingC.whatitusedtobeingD.whatitwasusedtobe17.________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.A.What…thatB.That…whatC.What…whatD.That…what18.Theenergyis________makesthecellsabletodotheirwork.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such19—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthat_____youhadafewdaysoff？A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where20.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella____Igotwetthrough.A.It’sthereasonB.That’swhyC.There’swhyD.It’show21.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas______wedidthismorning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what22.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?---Oh,that’s_____.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited23.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut______hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich答案1~5:DBACC6~10:ACDDC11~15:CBDBA16~20:AACAB21~23:DAA（2）主语从句1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。2．构成：关联词+简单句3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类：(1)从属连词that。如：Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。(2)从属连词whether。如：Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。如：Whatshedidisnotyetknown.她干了什么尚不清楚。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。Whoevercomesiswelcome.不论谁来都欢迎。Whereveryouareismyhome----myonlyhome.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。解释：1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：A.It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。如：Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。B.It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc.)+that从句。如：It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.很遗憾我们不能去。It’snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。C.It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madeearthsatelliteintoorbit.据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。D.It+seem,happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.Alice似乎不来参加晚会。IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.碰巧我那天外出了。E.It+doesn’tmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.她是否来这无关紧要。Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。F.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：Isittruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗